If a
cabin was to be built from the forest, as in the
case before intimated, the leader, as aforesaid,
who was always a man of experience, and dubbed
Captain, would, as an initiatory step, classify
the congregated masses, and assign to each their
respective duties, about in this order:
1st.
He would select four of the most expert axe-men
as corner-men, whose duty it was to first clear
off the site, square it, and place a boulder at
each corner to build upon after being duly
leveled, then saddle and notch down the logs in
good, workman-like order.
2d. He would assign a sufficient number of
suitable men to select as near the site as
possible, the best large-growth,
straight-grained white-oak tree for clap-boards,
whose further duty it was to fell it, and cross
cut it into suitable lengths, split the cuts
into square bolts, and with a fro rive them.
Another branch of this classification was
required in like manner to prepare puncheons for
floors, doors, windows and chimney-corner jambs,
out of such timber as was best adapted for the
purposes, such as oak, chestnut or ash, as was
best adapted for the purposes, such as oak,
chestnut or ash, as al these abounded in that
part of the State, and were, when properly
selected straight-grained timber, and could be
made of sufficient length and width to make a
good solid floor, when spotted on the underside
at the ends out of wind; and to rest upon
sleepers placed at proper distances apart, with
dressed, straight upper surfaces, and which,
when top-dressed by a skillful adz-man, made a
good substitute for plank, which at that early
day could not be procured for want of saw-mills.
3d. He would then select and detail such a number
as seemed necessary to cull out as near the site
as possible, straight, suitably sized standing
trees, and fell them and chop them off at
suitable lengths for the proposed structures,
with teamsters to haul them in as they
were logged off, in the then usual way of
dragging them on the ground hitched by a chain
with a hook at one end of the log. To this
force were added other teamsters, provided with
rough wood sleds to haul in the clap-boards,
puncheons, and such
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