The revolution wrought in everything within the scope of human conception - as demonstrated by the results of the past century - presents few instances more interesting and worthy of record than the development of America’s greatness.   Hence, as the aggregate result bears upon the face of it the imprint of noble earned success, we may be credited with pardonable pride when we seek to expatiate on those lesser achievements that have contributed their quota to the establishment of so gratifying a general result.  Prominent among the arenas that loomed up in by-gone years - wherein the worthy cause of civilization waged war against ignorance, indolence, superstition and savagery - may be included the present site of the city of Steubenville, the location of which was then ascertained only from its latitude and longitude, or the much less intelligible designation that it lay between certain creeks, and was bounded by instinctively surveyed trails.  The earliest accounts of pale faces gazing upon the site in question, is found in the report of D’Celeron’s expedition under Louis XIV, 1749* - the expedition of George Crogan, an Indian officer under the British, in 1765† - Washington's trip, in company with Crawford, in 1770‡ - followed by numerous expeditions on the part of soldiers during Dunmore’s campaign and the Revolutionary war.  At that time, hereabouts, nature in all her romantic and virgin beauty - reigned supreme. Alternate waving woodlands and rocky shores, in silence, fantastically mirrored themselves in the rippling stream of the ruthless Ohio.  Wild ravines, choked with briers and paw-paw bushes intersected plateaus of verdant pasture, as yet strange to an implement of husbandry, while the waving forests on towering hills stood, as it were, in bold defiance to the all-powerful sway of civilization.  Human habitations were confined to the miserable Indian wigwams, and the woods yet resounded with the roar of bears, the howl of wolves, or tremulous bleat of the more timid deer.  Game was abundant - particularly wild fowls - and the sole monarch of the rich preserve was the wily “red skin,” whose most coveted prize was, nevertheless, the scalp of some venturesome explorer, should he happen to cross his path.  But as the representative races of civilization bore down upon the scene, their superior intelligence and indomitable enterprise soon bade defiance to the savage, and promptly opened up a short cut to every achievement they willed.  By 1786, the fates would seem to have ordained the inauguration of a vastly revolutionized state of affairs.  That year the government selected the present site of Steubenville as the most desirable for a military defense.  Accordingly Captain Hamtramck, of the United States army, was instructed to erect a block house, or place of refuge, to protect the government surveyors already at work in the vicinity procuring official data.  In February of 1787, a fortification was completed, and named after a well known official Prussian Baron**.

"FORT STEUBEN."

     It stood on the second river bank, now known as High street, the south line of the fort running to the present north line of the Hon. J. H. Miller’s property at the corner of High and Adam streets, and continuing out to the front bench.  The structure was in the form of a square, with block houses twenty-eight feet square set diagonally at the corner.  The angles of the block houses were connected with lines of pickets one hundred and fifty feet in length, forming the sides of the fort.  Each block house consisted of two rooms sufficient for fourteen men.  It also contained a commissary store, barracks, quartermaster’s store, magazine, artificer’s shop, guard, house, built on two piers with a piazza looking inward, and a sally post between the piers.  From a flag pole floated the national standard in the good old cause of “freedom, good and right,” as it offered protection and hospitality to those engaged in a just cause; yet a black hole or place of confinement was duly provided for the reception of the obstreperous.  The main gate faced the river, and the width of the block houses diagonally was a little over thirty-nine feet - the distance between the points being one hundred and fifty feet.  It was considered exceptionally substantial in those days, and constructed with a considerable amount of skill.  In further testimony, as to the completeness of this fort, we extract the following entry from the diary of Major Erkuries Beatty, paymaster in the western army, between May 15, 1786 and June 5, 1787.  He says: - Feb. 6, 1787, we set off in a contractor’s boat, in company with Captain Heart; was obliged to remain one day at Fort McIntosh on account of high wind ahead, but arrived at Fort Steuben in one day.  This is a fort built since I was on the river, by Captain Hamtramck, above Mingo bottom on the Indian shore, about forty-seven miles below McIntosh and twenty-three above Wheeling.  It is about 120 yards from the river, on a very excellent high bank of  commanding ground.  A square with a large block house on each corner, and pickets between each block house form the fort. The big gate, fronting the main on the west and the sally port the river, with the guard house over the latter.  The block house serves for all the men and the officer’s houses are on each side of the big gate - the back part of them serving as a row of pickets.  It is garrisoned by Captains Hamtramck and Mercer’s companies, the former commanding.  Stayed here one night, and arrived at Fort Harmar, mouth of the Muskingum.”  The major subsequently refers to making two other visits to Fort Steuben - February 26th and March 25th, of the same year - but furnishes no additional comment of local interest.  During May

--------------------
     * See D'Celeron's Expedition.
     † See extracts from Geo. Crogan's Journal
     ‡ See Washington's Tour to the Ohio

---------------
     ** Baron Frederic William Augustus Steuben, an officer of the American revolution, was born in Maydeburg, Prussia, Nov. 15, 1730, and died near Utica, N. Y., Nov. 28, 1794.  When only fourteen years of age, he volunteered in military life under his father who was an officer under Frederic the Great, and was at the seige of Prague.  He evidenced exceeding valor and gained rapid promotion.  He arrived at Portsmouth, N. H., Dec. 1, 1777, and tendered his services, as a volunteer, to General Washington, expressing his sympathies with the colonies.  On May 5, 1778, he was appointed inspector general, with the rank of major general, and greatly improved the condition of the Continental troops.  In 1779, he prepared a manual of discipline for the army.  In 1780, he was placed in command of the troops in Virginia.  The next summer he was attached to General Lafayett's division, and took an important part in the seige of Yorktown.  He was distinguished for his generosity and kindness of heart.  In 1790, Congress voted him a life annuity of $500.  Several states passed resolutions acknowledging his eminent services, and voted him tracts of land.  His life has been written by Francis Bowen in "Spark's American Biography" and by Frederick Kapp, (New York, 1860.)

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of the same year, Majors Hamtramck and Mills,* who were commanding two companies there received orders to remove their troops to Fort Harmar, hence Fort Steuben became comparatively deserted, and we can learn little or nothing more of it until about the year 1790, when it took fire, by some means, and was reduced to ashes.  Its name, however, was too good to be lost sight of, or allowed to fall into disuse, and upon our present town being laid out, it succeeded to the title of Steuben, rendered more adaptable by the addition of “ville”—hence we arrive at

STEUBENVILLE.

     Though we have ample evidence of white settlers locating freely through this section even anterior to 1797, yet the present immediate site of Steubenville did not assume the proportions of a white settlement, (let alone the nucleus to a town) ere the dawn of that year.  Bazaleel Wells and James Ross then happily conceived the idea of extending their enterprise in the direction of purchasing land, to be sub-divided and placed upon the market in convenient sized lots, with a view to inducing the erection of residences.†   Bazaleel Well’s family were prominent citizens of Maryland.  His grandfather, James Wells, was a native of Baltimore, as also his own father, Alexander, who moved into Washington county, Pennsylvania, at a very early day.  Having a permit from Lord Dunmore, to locate 1,500 acres of lane, in which was then Augusta, county Va., (but now in Pennsylvania) Alexander settled on the waters of Cross creek, establishing one of the earliest mills, and it was here that his son, Bazaleel, first came at the age of about thirteen, having remained in his native state. Maryland, until of that age, to secure an education.  Subsequently, upon his father’s removal to Wellsburg, he accompanied him, but being of an enterprising turn of mind, with a solid exchequer to fail back up - he conceived the idea of speculating.

FIRST PUBLIC SALE OF TOWN LOTS.

     Was made in February, 1798, and the first deeds are dated from that month.

TOTAL NUMBER OF LOTS IN THE CITY INCLUDING ALL ADDITIONS DOWN TO 1879.

---------------
     *After Major Beatty's visit, we are not informed of the disposition of Captain Mercer, but naturally infer, on the the authority of subsequent writers, who introduced the name of Mills, that the latter officer had succeeded Mercer prior to the garrison being removed.

     †In 1799, "the Territory of the North West," (as more fully described elsewhere) was divided, and at a convention in Chillicothe, Nov. 1, 1802, the eastern portion framed a constitution, and took its place among the States of the Union under the style - or after the name of - its chief river, Ohio.  In that convention, Jefferson county, was represented by Rudolph Bair, George Humphries, John Milligan, Nathan Updegraff and Bazaleel Wells. The first survey's of Government lands were made in 1785, under the superintendence of Thos. Hutchins who had acted as military engineer under General Boquet.  He first gave us the simple plan of surveying by towns, ranges and sections.  These "seven ranges," so called because they were the first ranges of public lands ever surveyed by the general government west of the Ohio river, were bounded on the north by a line drawn from the Pennsylvania State line, where it crossed the Ohio river to the U. S. Military lands, forty-two miles west; thence south to the Ohio river, at the southeast corner of Marietta township; thence up the river to the place of beginning.  These lands were first offered for sale in New York in 1787, and afterwards continued in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.  A land office was established in Steubenville in 1801, and David Hoge stationed here as register.  When the land sales were opened, purchasers were found many of them from the east; a few, as Ephraim Kimberly, obtaining land grants for special services in the Revolutionary war.  The first land proprietors, either directly by patent from the Government, or by second purchase, where Jacob Nessley, Bazaleel Wells, John Tilton, James Ross, William Baily, Thomas Edgington, James Carr, James Shane, Nathan Updegraff, Joseph Gills, Josiah Price, Philip Cable and others we cannot mention.  The first land titles were dated 1787-9, and the first transfers to those who occupied the land chiefly begin about 1794.  Bazaleel Wells put in an appearance at the Land Company's sales in New York, during 1797, when he, in company with the Hon. James Ross, then an eastern attorney of considerable means, invested freely; securing sections 29, 30, 35 and 36 in fractional township two, now known as Steubenville township, and covering the present site of the city.  This tract was laid out in 236 lots.  60x180 feet, with intervening streets and alleys as they have remained since.

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STEUBENVILLE'S ORIGINAL BOUNDARIES - OLD ROADS - RIVER TRADE -
SITE SECURED FOR A COURT HOUSE - FIRST COURT -
EARLY BUILDINGS - FIRST BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, CHURCHES, &c.

     The "in-prospective" town, as at first laid out, was bounded by the river and what are now known as North and South streets and Bank alley.  The streets parallel to the river were Water street, bounded on the river, sixty feet wide; High street, on the top of the second beneh, eighty feet wide, and Third and Fourth streets, each sixty feet wide.  The alleys were twenty feet wide, and parallel to the streets - one between High and Third streets; one between Third and Fourth, and one

[PICTURE OF "THE P. C. & ST. L. RAILWAY ____ OHIO RIVER AT STEUBENVILLE.

[Page 465]
place was built by John Ward, in March, 1798, and the same year the erection of the Wells’ homestead, south of the settlement, was commenced, but not occupied by the family until 1800.  The building is still standing, and at present the well known residence of Col. W. R. Lloyd.  It may be interesting here to state that the first white child born within the corporation limits was one James Hunter, son of Samuel Hunter, who first inhaled the pure air of freedom in the “Buckeye State,” Sept. 18, 1798.  After him came John Ward, born in October, 1798.  The first white female child, as far as we can learn, was Sarah Ward, born in 1800, and Elizabeth Ward in 1801, after whom came Hannah Hunter, Ann Margaret Ward, Avery Brown, &c.
     The first marriages on record are:—Oct. 19, 1797, Jos. Baker to Mary Findley, married by Recorder Zenas Kimberly; and Jan. 25, 1798, Wm. Bush to Nancy Williamson, married by D. L. Wood, Justice of the Peace; but a more extended list will be found in another chapter.  We have no means of ascertaining the first death, but that the noble pioneers passed away in olden times much as they do now will be conceded as
beyond question, when the modern resident glances over the names of our earliest settlers and finds so few survivors of the last century to afford us information of the past.  In the way of spiritual consolation, from the very earliest day of white men penetrating this section, we find that “ambassadors of Christ” were not slow to find them out.  On reference to an article on Methodism, elsewhere, from the able pen of the Rev. H. C. Osborne,
who has spared no pains to secure reliable dates, we find that as early as the summer of 1794, Samuel Hitt and John Reynolds, of that denomination, preached a few sermons here amidst much opposition. In 1795—6, Charles Conaway, presiding elder, Samuel Hitt and Thomas Haymond, also came here —the latter being poor, receiving £24, Pennsylvania currency, per annum for his services, while Andrew Nichols, John Seward,
Shadrach Johnson and Jonathan Batemen were zealous workers.  Nor were they all, as we learn from the testimony of Mr. David Mooney, given in “Doddridge’s Notes,” that the same year (1796) the Episcopal church was here represented.  His statement reads as follows: —“The Rev. Dr. Doddridge was
the first Christian minister who preached in our little village.”  This, however, was decidedly a delusion, as already demonstrated.  He then goes on to say—“As early as 1796 he held monthly services here, his congregation meeting in a frame building which stood on the south side of Market and Water streets.  In 1798 the first court house for the county was built, in which an upper room was reserved for religious services, free to all denominations.  In this room Episcopalians met for worship.  With some intervals, this early missionary of the
church continued in office in Steubenville, until Dr. Moore took charge of the parish in 1820.”  From subsequent investigation, the latter statement we are free to endorse, which brings us to a period when other denominations also came in—a more extended notice of each will be found elsewhere.  As to the earliest store keeper, within the present corporation limits, opinions vary, but we are largely disposed, from rigid enquiry, to favor Hans Wilson, after whom, fin somewhat rapid succession), came many others, until the dawn of 1800, when in truth a little village was fully inaugurated.  Building then sot in lively, and in a commendable spirit of friendly rivalry, those with any means whatever, displayed a strong preference to a style of architecture involving the free use of bricks to supersede the old logs and clapboard exteriors so popular in those days.  It was in 1800 that the present older portion of the United States Hotel was built by Mr. Ward, and the Vier’s residence at the head of Market street (then out of town).  After the United States land office had been established here, the place began to grow quite rapidly.  The first manufacturing enterprise appears to have been a tannery, started by Mr. Doyle, in 1798 or 9, followed by a grist and saw mill, erected by Bazaleel Wells, in 1802, on Wells' Run, south of the town, and about the same time, Brice Viers started a second tannery on the sites of the present coke ovens of the Steubenville Coal and Mining Company. On the 14th of February, 1805, the town was first incorporated under the following

ORIGINAL CHARTER:

     "An act to incorporate the town of Steubenville, in the county of Jefferson.

     SECTION 1.  Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, that so much of the township of Steubenville, in the county of Jefferson, as is comprised in the plat of the town of Steubenville, remaining on record in the office for the recording of deeds, in said county, shall be, and the same is hereby erected into a town corporate, which shall henceforth be known and distinguished by the name of  “ the town of Steubenville.”
     SECTION 2. Be it further enacted, that for the better ordering and governing of the said town of Steubenville, and for the better regulating the police thereof, there shall henceforth be, in the said town, a president, recorder, seven trustees, an assessor, a collector, treasurer, and town marshal, who shall be elected and qualified as hereinafter directed; which president, recorder and trustees, shall be one body corporate arid politic, with perpetual succession, to be known and distinguished by the name of  “the president, recorder and trustees of the town of Steubenville.” *

                                                               MICHAEL BALDWIN,
                                                               DANIEL SYMMES.

     14th February, A. D. 1805.

     In conformity with the foregoing, the following officers were then appointed:  David Hull, president; John Ward, recorder; David Hoge, Zaccheus A. Beatty, Benjamin Hough, Thos. Vincemts, John Englauds, Martin Andrews and Abraham Cazier, trustees; Charles Maxwell, collector, and Anthony Beck, town
marshal.  By this step “ assurance was made doubly assured ” that Steubenville was designed to become an extensive business center, and the advantages its site afforded for manufacture were more generally canvassed, while trade and commerce, “ hand in hand,” prospered.  Conscious that no community could succeed without the means of heralding abroad its fame, so far back as 1806 the old Western Herald, now the Steubenville Herald, was stated by one James Miller, who, assisted by his brother-in-law, William Lowry, ran it down to 1816.  In 1809-10 the old court house was superseded by a much finer and more convenient brick structure, designed by Mr. John Ward and built by Nicholas Murray, which remained standing down to 1870,† when it was taken down to accommodate the present fine building, of which we shall yet have much more to say.  In January, 1810, a company, from citizens, was incorporated to supply the town with water.  Pump logs were laid from a large spring to High street, but they soon gave way, and were ultimately abandoned.  In 1820, and afterwards, all the water was hauled from the river in barrels, or carts constructed for the purpose, each carrying a sixty-gallon barrel.  The price was six and a fourth cents a barrel. In eases of serious tires lines of citizens had to be formed to the river, and water passed by hand in buckets.  Some serious fires, however, doing much damage, about 1835-6 a substantial waterworks was put in partial operation, at a cost of about thirty-five thousand dollars.  The first bank in Steubenville, with Bazaleel Wells president, and W. R. Dickinson cashier, was opened in 1809, followed by the “ Farmers and Mechanics’ Bank ” in 1816.  So early as 1811 the manufacture of nails was instituted here by one Robert Thompson, though, we need hardly add that the pioneer factory was run without tbe aid of machinery. It was not until after the war of 1812 that we find further advancement made in the matter of manufacture, a full account of which will be found elsewhere. During the said war, Steubenville was not slow to render substantial aid by contributing an excellent full company of soldiers, officered as follows: Nicholas Murray, captain; Nathaniel Wintringer, lieutenant; James Fowler, ensign; Joseph Batchelor, surgeon; but happily their services were not called into requisition, and after marching a little beyond Mansfield, they were ordered home and disbanded.  Anxious to preserve an accurate sketch of the extent to which the city had grown up to this period as obtained from the lips of those then and still residing here, we taxed the memories and canvassed the opinions of quite a number, but only to secure a series of disconnected items, until happily meeting with Mr. E. H. McFeeley, more popular by the title of “Squire McFeeley,” whose memory proved extraordinarily good, and to him are we indebted for the following recollections, the majority of which we have found freely attested to by others.

---------------
     * This charter, however, was ultimately subject to considerable revision, as given in Chase's Statutes, chapter 1,831, we find an act to amend an act entitled an act to incorporate the town of Steubenville, in the county of Jefferson, as passed Feb. 14th, 1805 -- see Post Ohio Local Laws, chapters 1,857, 1,889 1,912 and 2,010.   Chapter 1,857 is an amendment passed Feb. 9th, 1818, chapter 1,889 is a supplementary act passed Jan. 9, 1817, chapter 1,912 is an act to further amend the original act, and passed Dec. 29th, 1821, while chapter 2,010 is an entire new act to incorporate anew t he town of Steubenville, in the county of Jefferson, passed Feb. 2d, 1880, which will be found quoted in our “General History of the City’’ at about the date named.
     † A facsimile of this building still stands at St. Clairsville, Belmont county.  Subsequent to the one being built, here it was so strongly approved of that the same architect and builder was called upon to erect one at St. Clairsville, and a second at Cadiz, Harrison county.  The latter, however, has just been sacrificed for a finer building.

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STEUBENVILLE IN 1814.

SEVERE STORM,

[Page 467]

THESPIAN CLUB

GENERAL OCCURRANCES

INCIDENTS FROM 1830 TO 1850.

STEUBENVILLE INCORPORATED A CITY,

[Page 468]

TWO MORE WARDS ARE ADDED.

THE CITY WARDS OF TO-DAY

RETROSPECT OF GENERAL EVENTS FROM 1852 TO THE PRESENT.

---------------
     *See subsequent chapter on "Ancient and Modern Roads" - also, history of "Pan Handle" railroad in the appendix.
     †See, also, subsequent chapter on "Ancient and Modern Roads."

[Page 469]

[Page 470]

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STEUBENVILLE'S PRESENT CITY GOVERNMENT

ITS FINANCIAL STANDING - SANITARY CONDITION -
STREETS AND AVENUES - FIRE DEPARTMENT -
WATER WORKS - OFFICIALS FOR 1879.

ITS FINANCIAL STANDING,

THE SANITARY CONDITION OF THE TOWN

STREETS AND AVENUES

---------------
* Overdrawn

[Page 471]

STEUBENVILLE'S EFFICIENT FIRE DEPARTMENT.

OFFICERS.

PHOENIX FIRE COMPANY, NUMBER ONE.

RELIANCE FIRE COMPANY, TWO TWO.

STAR HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY

THE CITY WATER WORKS.

[Page 472]
ence of Mr. Johnson Irwin to whose credit it is asserted that the city has never lacked water, on the part of the works, in in the past twelve years.

A LIST OF CITY OFFICERS FOR 1879.

_______________

STEUBENVILLE'S PUBLIC BUILDINGS, HALLS AND
PROMINENT BUSINESS BLOCKS, PRIVATE RESIDENCES, &C.

     There is a popular idea, which we have frequently heard propounded, that the commercial status of a city may be judged from its prevalent style of architecture.  But, however that may apply to New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, and other large cities, we much suspect, to the eye of a stranger, that Steubenville would prove more than an ordinary problem to solve in that respect.  Though it presents many features of exceptional architectural merit, yet uniformity will be found conspicuous for its absence.  Its age has much to do with this, added to the prudence on the part of its earliest settlers to build substantially when they did build - hence we find many old buildings of sixty to seventy years of age, apparently good to stand the buffetings of another half century, and their proprietors cannot conclude to sacrifice their utility to add to the modern attractiveness.  Without debating the philosophy in their judgment, we will therefore proceed to note a few of the most prominent features of interest the city affords, of course leading off with

THE COURT HOUSE.

GARRETT'S HALL.

THE MAYOR'S OFFICES,

JEFFERSON NATIONAL BANK BUILDING.

[Page 473]

ODD FELLOWS HALL, NORTH FOURTH STREET

PHILHARMONIC HALL.

IRAN'S BLOCK AND MOSSGROVE'S UNITED STATES HOTEL.

OTHER PROMINENT BUSINESS BLOCKS.

SPECIALLY ATTRACTIVE RESIDENCES.

STEUBENVILLE FEMALE SEMINARY BUILDING - PUBLIC GROUNDS.

STEUBENVILLE POST OFFICE - ITS ORIGIN, POSTMASTERS, SEVERAL LOCATIONS, &C.

STEUBENVILLE GAS WORKS.

     This important institution came into operation the same year that Steubenville was incorporated a city—1851.  It is the property of a local private company and its presidents have been R. S. Moody, B. P. Drennen, Dr. Thomas Johnson and R. Sher-

[Page 474]
rard, Jr., at the present time.  Its secretaries, from its organization, have been Col. G. W. McCook, Sr., Jos. Means, John Orr and George W. McCook, Jr., still in office.  Superintendent A. J. Carrol, at present in charge, has filled his present responsible position for nearly a quarter of a century.  The works are located on the corner of South and High streets, cover an area of 150x180 feet, and contain ten retorts, of which six are usually run in the summer and nine in the winter.  The works have been almost entirely renewed in the past quarter of a century, and at present are in excellent condition, commanding about six miles of pipes through the city.  At first the price of gas was $3.50 per 1,000, but at present reduced to $1.90 per 1,000.  In the matter of gas, Steubenville is entitled to congratulation in her possession of works fully adequate to her present and increasing facilities tor some time to come.

_______________

BRIEF HISTORY OF STEUBENVILLE'S BANKING INTEREST.

     It was so far back as 1809 that the doors of the first bank in Steubenville were thrown open, and though the number of inhabitants was small, even in those days the good people were not slow to appreciate and support such an institution.  Of course the worthy and enterprising pioneer - Bazaleel Wells - was the main mover in this, as in most of the earliest projects in this community, and the title of

"THE BANK OF STEUBENVILLE"

"THE FARMERS AND MECHANIC'S BANK"

"THE JEFFERSON NATIONAL BANK"

"MECHANIC'S FUND ASSOCIATION."

THE CITIZENS' BANK

SHERRARD, MOONEY & CO'S. PRIVATE BANK.

"UNION DEPOSIT BANK."

"THE NATIONAL EXCHANGE BANK"

THE MINERS AND MECHANICS' BANK.

Page 475 -

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STEUBENVILLE'S MILITARY

     On the opening of the present year, Steubenville had three military companies, as follows:

     COMPANY A - Second Regiment O. N. G., or more familiarly known locally as the "Baron Guards."  Captain, E. Zimmerman; first lieutenant, W. Amick; second lieutenant, B. Matthews.

     COMPANY B - Second Regiment O. N. G., or better known as the "Herman Guards."  Captain, ____ Floto; first lieutenant, H. Oyer; second lieutenant, W. Tellers.  Disbanded in July last.

     COMPANY C - Second Regiment O. N. G., or "McCook Guards."  Captain, A. Riley; first lieutenant, H. M. Oyer; second lieutenant, Ross Noble.  Disbanded in July last.

     In consequence of a recent general reduction in the number of home guards, "B" and "C" companies were given up, but Company A, originallly known as the "Jefferson Guards," and now styled the "Baron Guards," out of compliment to C. S. S. Baron, their late highly esteemed Colonel, residing at Bellaire, still flourishes.  The colonel of the Second regiment is L. P. Harper, of Barnesville; Lieutenant Colonel, G. W. Sheppard, of Barnesville, and Major, E. T. Petty of Barnesville.  The regiment, as at present composed, numbers about 500 to 600 rank and file, and commands a first class band, resident at Athens.
     The present armory in Steubenville was dedicated in September, 1877, being furnished by the city.  It is a capital building for the purpose, 70x42, one story, and fitted with excellent glass pannelled cases wherein to stack their arms.
     Company A has at present a roll of seventy-two members, and the boys are not lacking in military interest, as evidenced by the remarkable neatness and cleanliness of their quarters and arms.

STEUBENVILLE CADETS.

     A company of youths, between the ages of sixteen and twenty years, was organized Sept. 10, 1879, under the above style, and we are given to understand have elected their officers as follows: Captain, W. C. Brandenburg; first lieutenant, Chas. Hamilton; second lieutenant, H. C. Hull. The youthful aspirants to military fame are most sanguine of their succsss as a military organization, and propose infusing considerable spirit into their undertaking.

A PRIVATE DRUM CORPS

Is much talked of, if not decided upon, the names of members having been taken, who promise to provide their own uniforms, teachers and time, if the recent reunion committee, who have a round surplus of cash in hand from the late loan exhibition and celebration, will provide them with instruments.

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SOCIETIES, ORDERS, &C., IN STEUBENVILLE

     There are probably thirty to forty various organizations, benefit or mutual, entitled to mention under this head, the most prominent of which we enumerate, with a lengthier reference to those of special distinction:

FREE MASONS.

     The original dispensation, granted to Steubenville Lodge No. 45, bears date Dec. 27, 1817, and at the first meeting, Feb. 19, 1818, Nicholas Murray was the first member installed, while the following were placed in office:  P. S. Mason, W. M.; Samuel L. Fitton S. M.; Wright Warner, J. W.
     The charter of the first lodge of Master Masons was issued to Peter Mason, Samuel Stokely, Adam Wise, Isaac Jenkinson, Thomas Orr, Joseph S. Batchelor, James Hukill, Bernard Lucas, and Wm. R. Dickenson, charter members, Steubenville Lodge No. 45, by the Grand Lodge of the State of Ohio, dated at Columbus, Jan. 24, 1820, and signed by John Snow, G. M., A. McDowell, S. G. W.; Jos. Vanee, J. G. W.; Benjamin Gardiner, G. S.
     Next comes the Chapter - a warrant of dispensation was granted by the Most Excellent Priest,* _____, of the Most Excellent Grand Royal Arch Chapter of the state of Ohio, to John M. Goodenow, Samuel Stokeley, Wm. LEslie, Robert Moore, John Kline, John Henry, Samuel McClain, Wm. Finigan and Bernard Lucas, with their associates, to open and hold a Chapter of Royal Arch Masons in the town of Steubenville, under the name and style of "Union Chapter."
     The Grand Royal Arch Chapter of the state of Ohio, duly constituted by charter "Union Chapter" No. 15, at Steubenville, appointed Companion John M. Goodenow the first High Priest; Companion Wm. Leslie, the first King and Companion: *__________ first Scribe of said constituted Chapter, dated at Columbus, Jan. 11th. A. D. 1827, and of discovery 2,327, signed Charles R. Sherman, Grand High Priest; *__________ Deputy Grand High Priest; Joshua Downer, Grand King; Samuel Stokeley, Grand Scribe and W. Latham, Grand Secretary.

ENCAMPMENT OF KNIGHTS TEMPLAR.

     On the 16th day of October, 1849, a dispensation was granted to certain Sir Knights to open and hold the encampment of Knights Templar and the appendant orders in the city of Steubenville, known as Steubenville Encampment No. 11.  The Grand Encampment of the state of Ohio duly constituted said Steubenville Encampment No. 11 by charter dated at the city of Cincinnati, Oct. 18th, A. D. 1850, and of the order 732, signed John L. Vattier, Em. G. M.; John Halselmann, D. G. M.; George L. Shinnick, G. G.; J. N. Butt, P. G. G. and B. F. Smith, G. R.  The petition to the M. Em. G. C. of the Grand Encampment of the state of Ohio, was signed by Sir Nights M. M. Laughlin, H. J. Hukill, Wm. Leslie and John McAdams.

MERIDIAN LODGE

     No. 234 of Master Masons.  The second lodge of Master Masons was duly constituted by charter from the Grand Lodge of the state of Ohio issued to Francis Bates, Jos. Harwood, John Boyer, James H. Blinn, Thos. Brasher, Van Lightzer, D. C. Delane, Wm. H. Beaty, Wm. Boyd, James Carnahan and John Boyer, dated at Chillicothe, October, A. D. 1854, and of Masonry 5854, signed by L. V. Bierce, M. W. G. M.; W. B. Dodds, R. W. Dep. G. M.; Matthew Gaston, R. W. Sr. G. M.; M. D. Brock, R. W. Jr. G. W.; J. D. Caldwell, R. W. Grand Secretary.

FREE MASON'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION OF EASTERN OHIO

     This important benefit association was organized in 1874, and incorporated the same year.  Its charter members were Charles N. Allen, president; Jas. H. Blinn, vice president; John Chapman, secretary; John Bristol, treasurer.  The association has proved of inestimable advantage, and is prospering with 135 members.  Its present officers are Jones Munker, president; James E. Hill, vice president, while John Chapman, secretary

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     * These names are so nearly obliterated on the original copies that we cannot transcribe them with any degree of accuracy.

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TEMPERANCE IN STEUBENVILLE

A REGULAR COUNCIL OF ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS.

REPUBLICAN TEMPLE OF HONOR.

ROYAL ARCANUM

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STEUBENVILLE EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES.

YE OLDEN TIME SCHOOL HOUSES AND PIONEER SCHOOL MASTERS - ONE OF THE MOST VENERABLE AND EXCELLENT FEMALE SEMINARIES IN THE WEST - ORIGIN OF THE FREE SCHOOL SYSTEM IN STEUBENNILE - MAGNIFICENT SCHOOL BUILDINGS AND AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION ESTABLISHED OF UNSURPASSED EXCELLENCE.

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THE MOST VENERABLE AND SUCCESSFUL FEMALE SEMINARIES IN THE ENTIRE WEST.

ORIGIN OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM IN STEUBENVILLE.

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     Of these about 2,400 are enrolled in the different schools, and as even those who pass through the High school course graduate a considerable length of time before reaching twenty-one, while many stop with the first year of the course or even at the end of the Grammar school it will be seen that taking out invalids, those at school elsewhere, at work and left off the enrollment for good and sufficient causes, the proportion left in idleness is perhaps as small as any other place where compulsory education does not exist."

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STEUBENVILLE'S TRADESMEN

     Prior to, and during the years 1800 to 1805 - or from 1798 to 1805 - a period of seven years, it is true that settlers were exceedingly limited to this section, and in proportion tradesmen were few, yet too many, taking the whole, for us to expaciate upon, therefore we have resolved only to give such as it has happened to be our privilege to hear the most about.  We would therefore have it distinctly understood that the references to be hereinafter made are submitted without the slightest regard to favor or partiality:

     BAZALEEL WELLS, the founder of Steubenville, was born in Baltimore county, Maryland, in 1769.  His father, Alexander Wells, had a grant of land containing about fifteen hundred acres situated in Washington county, Pennsylvania, on Cross creek about equidistant from the site of Washington and Steubenville.  The latter was one of teh pioneers of Washington county.  The date of his location in that section is unknown, but suffice it to say that Bazaleel joined his father in that county when he was about thirteen years old.  He found his father located in a fort at Well's Mill, on Cross creek, and for the following three years his chief occupation was carrying arms for the men who resided in the fort for fear of the Indians, and were engaged in farming labors, in its vicinity.  The Indians attacked the fort several times, but fortunately, none of the Wells' were injured.  In later years Alexander removed to Wellsburg, Brooke county, Virginia, where he died in 1813, at the age of eighty-six.  His wife was Leah Owens, a daughter of the pioneer Owens of Ohio and Brooke counties,  Virginia.  She died on the 20th of February, 1815, nearly eighty-seven years old.  Our subject received a good education considering the times, and became one of the best known surveyors in the Ohio valley.  He purchased (1100) eleven hundred acres of land including the site of Steubenville, at the original sale in 1797, and laid out the town in that year.  He was the first Prothonotary of Jefferson county, and was as capable and efficient as an official, as he was and had been as surveyor.  He was a delegate to the convention that formed the first constitution of Ohio, and to his personal effort the state is indebted for many excellent provisions of that constitution.  He was the first to engage in the manufacture of woolen goods, in 1814, and continued in that business for many years.  The factory was erected in 1813 and 1814, and was the pioneer woolen mill west of the Allegheny mountains.  The old dye house is still standing.  He engaged in farming and sheep raising, and was among the first in introducing better grades of wool in this section of the Ohio valley.  In 1820, in connection with Augustus Koeb, he entered into the production of copperas, and their works was the first west of the mountains, and were operated successfully by him and partners until 1843.  He attended also to land matters; made various surveys, not only in the county of Jefferson, but in many portions of the State.  He was the original proprietor of Canton, Stark county, Ohio, and laid out a town for the seat of justice of Wayne county, Ohio.  Every citizen is acquainted with the beautiful county seat of Stark and its success, as well as with Steubenville, may gaze upon them as fitting monuments to the memory of the far seeing surveyor and proprietor.  The town of Wayne died "a born in," as the commissioners decided upon the site since known as Wooster.  He is described as being in exceedingly fine man - standing over six feet high - with a most agreeable, serene countenance and keen blue eye.  In frankness, candor and enterprise he had few equals, while in his moral character he was exemplary.  His heart was abundantly stored with sympathy and generosity, and his honor and integrity he cherished with a zealous care that left little question as to his christian aspirations.  To the last he was active and enterprising, ever engaged in operations looking to the advancement of his town and state.  He died in August, 1846, seventy-seven years of age.  His wife was Sarah Griffith, daughter of Hezekiah Griffith, of Wellsburg, Brooke county, Virginia, who subsequently removed to the vicinity of Phillipsburg, (now called Lagrange) Jefferson county, Ohio.  She died in 1839, at the age of fifty.  She was beloved by every one who knew her, and many are there yet living, upon whose hearts are indelibly engraved sentiments of gratitude to the worthy pair whom it is universally hoped have entered upon their due reward for well-spent lives.  Their children were:  Catharine W., deceased, married to John McDowell, deceased; Rebecca R., deceased, married first to Rev. Philander Chase, deceased, and second to Rev. Intrepid Morse, deceased, rector of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal parish of Steubenville for forty-five years; James R., deceased, married to Elizabeth Wilson, deceased; Samuel Owings, deceased, married to Lucinda Holmes, deceased; Alexander, deceased; Bazaleel deceased; Hezekiah G. married to Axsah Strong; Francis A. born in Steubenville, in 1813, married in 1840, Jane C. Boggs; engaged in the woolen mill for six years; postmaster of Steubenville from 1849 to 1853; for several years engaged in horticultural pursuits; children: Sarah G., John B. Bazaleel, deceased; Agnes L., and Frank C.; Ann C., married to the Rev. Ezra Kellogg, deceased; Sarah G., deceased, married to Rev. Dudley Chase, and Mary, who is also deceased.

     HANS WILSON, was a short, dark complexioned, round shouldered man, clean shaved, always dressed very plain, and is said to have been economical to parsimony - yet strictly honest and a most consistent member of the Presbyterian church.  The land of his nativity was Ireland, and he came to America when quite young.  On his arrival in this section, he first threshed for a living, with the old flail until he had secured money enough to make a start upon the road with a pack.  After this he opened a small log store, where the court house now stands.  Success attending his efforts, he grew from strength to strength, ultimately presiding over one of the most important business houses in the city, and at his death, he is said to have left in the neighborhood of a quarter of a million dollars.  As a proof of his attachment to his church, we learn that at his death, after making due provision for the support of his wife he left the whole of the residue to the Home and Foreign Missionary Societies.  He never aspired to any public office whatever, but diligently applied himself to commercial pursuits, in which, particularly as a moneylender, he proved highly successful.

     JOHN ENGLAND, a native of Pennsylvania, was also among the first settlers.  He was a bachelor and an exceedingly fine looking man.  He presided over a general store on the southeast corner of Market square, was brought up a Quaker, and of course was very particular in the preservation of his integrity.  He was a man of considerable executive ability and proved very successful in business. On his retirement therefrom he was appointed one of the associate judges of the Court of Common Pleas, subsequently ending his days on his farm in Cross creek township.  He was always a warm politician and strong in his advocacy of democratic principles.

     JOHN WARD, a native of Ireland, married a daughter of Col. McLain, of Uniontown; came here in 1798, and first settled on a lot on the corner of Third and High streets, where he kept a

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boarding-house for a while to accommodate the court officials.  He proved a most popular man, and became prothonotary of the court, (succeeding Bazaleel Wells) which office he held till 1810.  In 1800 he built the old United States House, (old part) fronting on Market street.  After 1810 he conducted merchandizing down to 1817.  Some of his daughters will be found the first female children horn in this section.  The present store of Mahon & Maxwell he built for himself as a private residence, and died Apr. 30, 1840.  His family are all dead, with the exception of the youngest daughter, now Mrs. Gerome, of Bloomfield,

     MARTIN ANDREWS was also a very early settler, and at first traded in hats and furs two doors north of Hans Wilson’s store, on Third street.  He traded a long while with New Orleans, by water, and became a wealthy merchant.  He was once a director in the Jefferson branch of the State Bank of Ohio, and died about 1850.  He has a son, Martin, still living, who is engaged as a land agent in Chicago.

     MOSES HALE - We have been unable to ascertain any lengthened account of this gentleman, but he was one of our first dry goods merchants, in company with his brother, keeping a store adjoining, and north of Hans Wilson's store, on Third street.  He was a shrewd and successful merchant, a strong Methodist, and a tradesman very popular among the people, what might seem strange in these days.

     "SQUIRE" JENKINSON kept the "Red Lion" tavern, and, besides being a J. P., was also township trustee for a number of years.  He was a most conscientious, upright man, and made a decided success of business.  He left a son, John, who is still living in this state, and his daughter (now deceased) became the wife of Capt. Spencer, still a resident of Steubenville, and among its many good old stand-by residents.

     BENJAMIN DOYLE came from Maryland in 1798, and was probably the very first to open up a manufacturing business here, establishing a tannery on the head of North street the same year of his arrival.  He is described as having been a sedate, matter of fact man - quick and close at business, a strict Episcopalian by persuasion, and a man of very respectful demeanor, which commanded to him the highest respect wherever he went.  Nor was his lady less esteemed for her many excellent virtues and sympathetic disposition.  Mr. Doyle, it is said, was the means of providing the first city well (before water works were thought of), and which was sunk where the Court House now stands.  He also served as jailor under Sheriff Swearengen for several years, and while in that capacity passed, it is hoped, to a better land.  His only immediate descendant out of the family of nine children, residing among us, is his son, Col. Alexander Doyle, who has spent an active and prosperous career in our midst, and is at present indulging the quietude of retired life.  Though we should add, that of his grandchildren and great grandchildren there still remains quite a number is this community who are equally perpetuating the many commendable traits of the family name of their worthy pioneer ancestors.

     W. R. DICKINSON was characterized for his gentility and deportment, coming here about 1805.  He was originally in the land office at Chillicothe, and a man of more than ordinary ability.  For many years be was partner in, and cashier for the First Bank of Steubenville, and became a partner with Bazaleel Wells in the first woolen mill that opened here.  He also used to keep a large number of sheep, and was quite a connoisseur of the finest breeds, he and Mr. Wells being the first to introduce the famous Merino breed of sheep into this country.  We have it on the best of authority, that they gave no less than $700 for the famous buck “Bolivar,” and from $250 to $400 each for their thoroughbred stock ewes.  The same quality may now be purchased for from one-sixth to one-eighth of that price.  Mr. Dickinson’s first wife was the daughter of the late Dr. McDowell, the pioneer physician in this section, and his second wife was a Miss Johnson, a niece of the Dr. Mr. D. was the father of two fine daughters.  Moving to Texas himself, he subsequently died, but we are not advised of the precise date.  One of the daughters referred to, became the wife of a Mr. Peebles of Pittsburgh, and now lives in Lawrence county, Pa.  The other married a Mr. Riddle, of Pittsburgh, now deceased, but Mrs. Riddle is at present residing in Philadelphia.  One of her daughters has become the wife of Thomas Scott, Esq., the famous railroad manager.

     JOHN GALBRAITH was another very prosperous tradesman in his day.  He was a native of Ireland, and came to this part of the country in 1799, or thereabouts.  He was a short, stout-built man, and by his affability in social life commanded a large circle of friends.  He was hardly so successful as a politician - for his sympathies, we are told, flowed in such a direction, and frequently to such an extent, as to militate somewhat against his otherwise popular career.  He was the first postmaster appointed in Steubenville, and worthily opened up that institution, which he represented for several years.  He had a family of two sons and four daughters.  As a tradesman he decidedly made his mark in the. world - amassed considerable property and is said to have died wealthy.  He owned considerable land in Stark and Wayne counties, and besides other property that desirable business corner where McConville’s store stands, together with several adjacent lots.  He was a man who showed an excellent local spirit, and once filled the position of county recorder.  He died about 1830-1.

     PHILIP CABLE, a native of Berks county, Pa., was also a pioneer of 1795 - if not before - and one of the most notable ancients of this section.  He was appointed judge of the territorial court, and was subsequently a justice of the peace for Jefferson county.  Those who knew him in life ascribe to him all the honor due to a “righteous judge,” and of his private life speak in the highest praise.  He had four sons, Benjamin, Samuel, Ephraim and Andrew, now all dead, and one daughter, Delila.  One eccentricity he cultivated, however, which usually gave zest to the nuptials he performed.  He was very popular among the young folks who desired to enter the holy bonds, and he is said to have had such an excellent practice that he adopted a sort of brief stereotyped ceremony that invariably wound up with the words: “Give me my dollar, kiss your bride, and go about your business.”  Having no one present on one occasion but the bride and bridegroom, he called in his wife and colored servant, saying : - “In the presence of my wife, Dolly, and Black Harry, I pronounce you man and wife - give me my dollar, &c.”

     SAMUEL HUNTER was another of the 1798 arrivals in this vicinity, and one who located on the excellent business site at present occupied by Mr. Jones Manker.  He was a most diligent business man, affable and prompt in his engagements.  He was warmly attached to the Presbyterian Church and an active citizen in the interests of the young town, filling the position of town and county treasurer for many years.  His son, James, was the first white male child born in Steubenville, and still lives, at a round old age, in California, where he carries on a large dairy.  Samuel Hunter kept a general store in Steubenville for many years, came into good circumstances, and about 1825 left for Knoxville, where he put up a flouring and grist mill, opened a store, and for many years conducted a prosperous business.

     COL. TODD, born in 1764, came here in a very early day - long before 1814 - and kept the tavern known by the sign of the “Cross Keys,” on the lot where Garrett’s hall now stands.  He was in Pennsylvania during the whisky insurrection, and is said to have been heard remark that he took a prominent part in that revolt.  He is represented as having been a good, whole souled, geniel man, very upright, and extremely popular as “mine host.”  He had one son, William, who died about 1823 or ’24; but several daughters.  The oldest married the late Wm. Johnson, farmer; another became Mrs. Robert Hanlan, wooleu manufacturer; another became Mrs. Wm. Findly; auother Mrs. O’Neil, and yet another Mrs. James Turnbull.  The colonel died between 1830-’40, but his lady lived several years after him.  He was originally a warm “Jeffersonian,” and later found pleasure in supporting Henry Clay.

     ELI H. McFEELY, to whom we, as well as our readers, are largely indebted for a vast amount of interesting data concerning Steubenville, in the foregoing chapters, though at present in his 78th year, can verily be likened only to an “ encyclopɶdia of local information” based on the accuracy of “Webster’s Dictionary.”  The old gentleman - as the name infers - a descendant from the Emerald Isle, his grandfather, Edward McFeely, coming from Dublin to America while in the service of the British government, prior to the Revolution, about 1754.  Alter Braddock’s defeat, being yet a young man, though suffering from a severe wound, and, remembering that his late trip over the Atlantic had deprived him of the sight of land for seventeen weeks, he returned home, and in Londonderry “plighted his troth” to a dark-eyed Emerald beauty, whose mother’s pride

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it was to narrate her experience during the siege of Derry and at the Battle of Boyne Water in 1691.  He returned with his young bride and first settled in Huntingdon county, P., where he was killed several years after by the caving in of a well.  Our subject's father was born 3d of August, 1775, and was married on the big rock in the Potomac river, Harper’s Ferry, to Elizabeth Hawk, daughter of Elijah Hawk, of Bucks county, Pa., who was also through the Revolutionary war, in the commissary department.  They had issue, as follows: Enoch, born iu 1799, who was ultimately engaged in steamboating with Capt. Henry Shrieve, and was on the “Washington” when she blew up, and, though he then escaped with his life, he died on board the same boat in 1817, of yellow fever, during a trip from New Orleans to Louisville.  Elijah was born in 1801, and became a miller, but all trace oi his whereabouts has been lost sight of since 1860, when he was living in Indiana.  Eli (our subject) was the third son, born in 1802, and of whom we shall yet have much to say.  John was born in 1803, and became a woolen manufacturer, living in Steubenville from a boy of fourteen years until he was forty-three.  In late years he resided at Mt. Pleasant; removed from there to Iowa, and, subsequently, in that state, died.  Gabriel, born in 1805, originally employed himself at woolen manufacture, but for the past ten or twelve years, as at present, be has held a position at the P., C. & St. L. R, R. car shops in Steubenville.  Iram was born in 1806; also took to the woolen manufacture, but died in 1835.  Silas, born in 1811, became a blacksmith, served his time in Pittsburgh, went to Orleans, and there died in 1837.  James was born in 1815, applied himself to the business of painter and cabinet maker, and still resides in Starke county.  Eli (our subject) came with his parents to Steubenville on the 20th of October, 1814, and first learned the woolen manufacture with B. Wells & Co.  He remained with them till 1827, and then carried on spinning and weaving on his own account - doing country work, in a small way - until the spring of 1829, when he started a mill on Island Creek.  In 1831 he went to Wheeling and ran a mill for Mr. Chapline till the fall of 1832, when he returned to Steubenville and remained at Wolcott’s factory down to 1835.  Then, associating with Mr. T. Viers, he went into the manufacture of jeans for twelve or eighteen months, after which he put in five years at coloring for Orth & Wallace and the Rockville factory, next running a dye shop on his own account until 1845.  In 1844 he was elected, and in 1847 re-elected, justice for Steubenville township, serving six years.  In 1850 he went into the grocery business on Market street, and remained therein for twelve years.  But, as an old soldier loves the smell of gunpowder, so our subject experienced a desire to return to his old love, and we find him from 1862 until the close of the war once more in the factory business with his eldest son, John, and Mr. McDevitt.  After this he became collector for his sons, who were in business, remaining with them until two years ago, when he finally retired from active pursuits, having played a busy and most effective part on the stage of life for over three-score years, during which he was also notary public for the banks from 1845 to 1879.  He married Elizabeth, second daughter of John Ward, one of Steubenville’s first merchants.  She was the third white female child born here, and became the mother of five sons and five daughters.  John, George, Eli and Joseph are yet living in this county, and Alexander in California.  Eliza Ann, now Mrs. Joseph Doyle; Harriet, now Mrs. William Caldwell; Mary, Mrs. Joseph Phillips, of Allegheny, Pa.; Emma, Mrs. John L. Myers, and Margaret, now Mrs. Albert Piersing, of Pittsburgh.  Pa.  Our subject was married in 1823, and after fifty-two years of wedded life, sacrificed his excellent wife in the seventy-second year of her age, her family, prior to being married - which consisted of some ten sisters and brothers - being now all deceased, except one, Mary, now Mrs. William Jerome, of Bloomfield, Ohio.  Our subject is a genuine type of the fine old pioneer, and is still blessed with a good constitution, the result of youthful discretion.  He is a perfect mine of information, backed with a marvelous memory, enjoys social chat and a streak of wit with the best; spends his days even yet in improving his talents, and, take him for his all in all - go when he may - his likes we’ll seldom see again.

TRADESMEN OF THE PRESENT  DAY.

     WINFIELD SCOTT, of 114-16 South Fourt street, is among the most prominent and active merchants in Steubenville to-day.  His present business, in wooden and willow ware, rope, twine, cordage, groceries and dry goods, was originally established by his father, some forty years ago.  The old gentleman died in 1876.  Winfield is a very popular and energetic tradesman - his excellent store is kept stocked to repletion, and, by mater-familias, is looked upon as headquarters in its lines of goods.  Mr. Scott also packs pork, in its season, to a very considerable extent.  

     J. W. FORNEY, 405 Market street, may be said to preside over by far the handsomest and most costly stocked watch, clock and jewelry store in Jefferson or Belmont counties - in fact, equal with many of the best in the state.  He is a gentleman it is a privilege to trade with, as his competency in the business and strict integrity command for him the most implicit confidence of patrons.  A glance over his elegantly adorned store never fails to entertain, as no house is more prompt in keeping pace with latest novelties as introduced by the fickle caprices of fashionable society.

     HARRY'S PHOTOGRAPHIC ART GALLERY. - Mr. Harry came from Wooster to this city about four years ago; is an honest, accomplished artist, and presides over one of the finest photographic institutions in this section of the state, comprising the upper stories over 405 and 407 Market street.  An inspection of Mr. Harry's excellent work tells its own story without eulogism, and few treats can prove more enjoyable than an inspection of his works of art at the above address - among them being quite a number of popular citizens and eminent persons.

     A. HAMILTON, wholesale and retail bookseller and stationer, dealer in paper hangings, window shades, shading cloths, fixtures, school books and staple and fancy stationery, 411 Market street, continues the business of the oldest and probably most popular house, in its line, in Jefferson county.  This was the pioneer book and stationery house, started by Mr. James Turnbull so early as 1816, and which has flourished ever since, Mr. Hamilton taking charge of it fourteen years ago.  The visitor to Mr. H.’s store will find that it discloses a fascinating and varied stock, at once a compliment to any city, and whoever there bestows their patronage in hopes of being pleased, may rely they will retire more than delighted.

     GILBERT G. GASTON, wholesale dealer in hardware, cutlery, wagon material, bar iron, etc., and agent for the Buffalo Scales, No. 513 Market street, came from Liverpool, Columbiana county, some three years ago.  He is a tradesman endowed with extraordinary enterprise, and has established a business in the city highly complimentary to his ability and perseverance.  His excellent store is headquarters for all kinds of small farm implements as well as builders’ hardware and cutlery, while it is his privilege to command equally the confidence and support of country people and citizens, whom he serves alike with squareness and liberality.

     JAMES S. FOSTER, wholesale druggist, 107 South Fourth street, has been in the business for the last sixteen or seventeen years, but has been located on Fourth street only some six or seven years of that time.  He is a thoroughly practical man, and the store he conducts is appointed with a taste and completeness rarely excelled.  Oils, paints, varnishes, brushes, and an elegant line of fancy goods also enter into his trade, and his satisfactory mode of conducting business retains for him a flattering trade.

     EVANS & TURNER are proprietors of the leading, and only exclusive wholesale and retail oyster house and ice cream depot in the city, being located at 415 Market street.  The house was established in 1870, though Mr. Turner may be said to have had a life’s experience in the business.  These gentlemen not only wholesale their goods, but have elegantly fitted parlors for ladies or gentlemen, and entertain their patrons with abundant satisfaction.  They also contract liberally for parties.

     THOMAS BARCLAY, a native of Pittsburgh, came here forty-three years ago, and since 1862 has been conducting a first-class grocery and provision business on Market street, his present address being No. 522.  He is a gentleman with wide experience in trading, and the completeness of his stock, added to the superior quality of his goods, account in no measured degree for the satisfactory trade it is his privilege to enjoy.

     M. L. MILLER, dispensing druggist, 130 North Fourth street, presides over one of the neatest and most replete houses on that prominent thoroughfare, being also a thoroughly qualified

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ness man whose success in the past attests to the importance and popularity of his attractive store.  Dispensing here receives the utmost attention, proprietary medicines of every kind are kept in stock, while in the way of fine toilet requisites, perfumes, fancy soaps and other society attractions, no house in the city affords a more fascinating variety.

     CHARLES SPECHT, confectioner and proprietor of the popular “Star Bakery,” 130 north Fourth street, though by no means an old resident, is among the most enterprising, competent and worthy tradesmen, whose competency in his calling, and liberal mode of trading, it is gratifying to observe retain for him patronage from the best society.  Mr. Specht, only a tew years ago, came here a comparative stranger, but an expert in his business - erected his present fine block and has secured a trade that is an honor to integrity and perseverance - the exceeding attractiveness of his store, mainly in charge of Mrs. Specht, redounding largely to the credit of that lady’s superior taste and efficient co-operation.

     D. FILSON & SON's fine art studio and photographic gallery, 319 Market street (over the Herald office) is among Steubenville’s most attractive institutions, wherein may be seen the likeness of nearly all the old pioneers, dead or living, numberless views of interesting local scenery, and specimen pictures in oil, water colors, ink and crayon, forming a most delightful feast for the art critic and lover of nature in art.  Mr. Filson’s work in the manipulation of the camera and chemicals, speaks volumes to his ability and entitles him to unlimited confidence and support.  Of his son, Mr. Charles T. Filson, as a crayon artist, we cannot speak too highly - as his studies attest - and judging from present indications, with the advantages of comparative youth on his side, we expect for him a flattering popularity in the near future.  We cannot too strongly recommend a visit to this studio for a feast of enjoyment to the cultured taste.

     SHARP'S LIVERY STABLE, 327 Fourth street, is the oldest livery in the city at present.  Mr. B. M. Sharp has been in Steubenville over twenty-seven years, and is as universally respected as extensively known.  He has a complement of thirty horses, six coaches, twelve buggies, and an excellent hearse.  He is a native of Washington county, Pa., and may be said to have had a life’s experience among horses.  He is courteous, liberal and prompt in business, and exceedingly accommodating.

     KENNEDY CRUMRINE, bookseller and stationer, conducts an excellent business in the above lines; also as a dealer in paper hangings and window shades, in Post Office building, Fourth street.  This business was established in 1872, by Crumrine & Nicholls, but about July, 1877, Mr. N. retired.  It is really a privilege to inspect this store, in which it will be found that fine goods are a specialty.  A more diversified and attractive stock of goods, no house in the county can boast, while to Mr. Crumrine’s excellent mode of transacting business may largely be ascribed his present success.

     AUGUST FLOTO & SON, manufacturers and dealers in boots and shoes, 119 north Fourth street, conducts the oldest and probably most extensive business, in their line in the county.  The worthy leading partner of the firm has been in business here for nearly a quarter of a century, and by virtue of his competency in his trade, and popular mode of conducting business, he has been very successful.  Floto & Sons’ store is one of the finest in the city, his stock of goods comprising the very finest home made and eastern work, while the bespoke department, under the personal supervision of the principals, never fails to yield unlimited satisfaction to patrons.

     C. E. PATTERSON. - In the history of Steubenville and its various enterprises that have had a long and highly successful career, we cannot fail to mention the dry goods, millinery, trimming and notion house of Mr. O. E. Patterson, 324 Market street, as it stands second to none in its branch of the trade.  This establishment has been in existence since about 1842, being founded by the late Mr. George Scott, who continued at its head, with various partners, until his death, in 1868.  His two-thirds interest was then purchased from the estate by Messrs. J. J. Foster. D. V. Donaldson and C. E. Patterson, who, with his late partner, Mr. J. H. Hawkins, organized a new firm, which continued the business with flattering success until December, 1877, at which time Mr. Patterson purchased the establishment and has since conducted it in a manner highly creditable to himself and satisfactory to its many patrons.  Having been connected with the house since 1855, he has, of course, been closely identified with its excellent early management, which might be taken as a guarantee that the integrity, fair dealing and courteous treatment hitherto extended to customers therein will be continued in the future.  Since Mr. Patterson became proprietor he has had the building thoroughly overhauled and improved in its conveniences, and carries one of the largest and most attractive stocks to be found in this section of the state.

     ORAPHIES M. THATCHER came to Steubenville in 1840, and learned his business with Sol.  Kell, (who was killed in the late war,) and may be said to be the oldest merchant tailor still in business in the city, his present address being 409 Market street.  He is a gentleman of exceptional ability, promptitude and satisfaction; while in gents’ furnishing goods he ever keeps up to the latest tastes of society.  Mr. Thatcher is one of the city’s most competent and time-tried merchants, and has always been a distinguished and worthy member of the A. O. O. F.

     OHIO FOUNDRY. - This important enterprise is among Steubenville’s leading manufactories. Mr. W. L. Sharp is an old and much respected citizen, who, in company with his son, (who is equally popular in the town,) manufactures heating, parlor and cooking stoves, fine and common enamel grate fronts, fenders, mantels, etc.  Their spacious and excellently appointed ware-rooms are located at 416 Market street, and present a sight which will amply repay intending purchasers to indulge.

     THE "CAMEL" CLOTHING HOUSE. - Every city has at least one specially popular clothing house - where enterprise knows no limit and everybody in society may find their wishes abundantly catered to.  That house in Steubenville bears the sign of the “Camel,” and the proprietor is Mr. Elbert Campbell, who has achieved a universal and enviable notoriety for giving unlimited satisfaction and unparalelled bargains.  Hot only does his stock regularly consist of absolute mountains of ready made clothing, and gents’ furnishing goods of matchless attractiveness, hosiery, gloves, umbrellas and gum goods, but he makes quite a specialty of merchant tailoring - carrying an immense stock of the most stylish season cloths and suitings; and retaining the services of Mr. John Hoff, a cutter whose popularity in this community is only equalled by his experience and ability.  The “Camel” Clothing House is really one of the leading features presented in Seubenville, or even Jefferson county.

     MARKLE'S CITY LIVERY is one of the finest stables in the county, 214 Market street.  It has been established many years and passed through several down to August of 1878, when its present popular and energetic proprietor came into ownership.  Mr. W. R. Markle has had quite an experience in the business - is genial and liberal, prompt and accommodating.  He has a very fine hearse, supplies excellent funeral and wedding equipages, and usually has from eighteen to twenty horses with twenty to twenty-five carriages, buggies and other conveyances for parties to select from.  As a boarding and sales stable it will be found exceedingly clean and well kept, abundance of excellent food, and the attention absolutely first class.

     SAMUEL JOHNSON, 126 North Fourth street, is the proprietor of probably the oldest and best Undertaking establishment in Jefferson county.  His house was established nearly half a century ago, and to-day is replete to the minutest details for the complete furnishing of funerals to the taste and means of the most humble or opulent in society.  Coffins, caskets and shells of every design and make; an excellent hearse, shrouds, natural and artificial flowers, elegant funeral designs, and everything entering into the undertaking business he keeps regularly on hand; while his is the only house in the city which effectually conducts embalming.  Mr. George W. Thomas who has also been in this house some twelve years, is constantly in attendance, and call when they may their patrons receive the promptest and most satisfactory attention.

     FOSTER'S DRUG STORE - Mr. J. S. Foster, of South Fourth street, has one of the most complete drug establishments in the city.  He has been in business here since 1866, keeps constantly on hand a first class stock, and makes a specialty of compounding prescriptions and family recipes.  His stock of fancy goods, perfumery, &c, is unexcelled, as also his assortment of proprietary and patent medicines.

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STEUBENVILLE'S LOCAL PRESS.

     To follow up a correct history of the newspaper press in Steubenville, since the establishment of the Western Herald in 1876, we find to be an impracticable task - its vicissitudes having been so varied and complicated, with but little reliable data comeatable.  Hence we prefer simply to review the publications in existence at the time of our going to press: :

"THE STEUBENVILLE HERALD"

STEUBENVILLE DAILY AND WEEKLY GAZETTE.

"THE OHIO PRESS,"

"THE STEUBENVILLE SUNDAY NEWS,"

     May be said to have grown out of what was once known as the Sunday Local, which enjoyed a merry existence of some two to three years, down to 1879, which year the News was started.  It is an eight-page, 48 column, paper, owned by the Steubenville Sunday News Co., for whom Mr. G. G. Nichols is managing editor.  The publishing house is on Market, between Fourth and Fifth streets, and from present indications the News is likely to pursue a useful and successful career in Steubenville, though its circulation far exceeds the limits of Jefferson county.

STEUBENVILLE GERMANIA,

     German weekly, appears every Saturday; independent in politics, four pages; size 26x40, subscription, $2.00; established by R. Schnorrenberg, August, 1870; from Apr. 1, 1870 to Apr. 1, 1879, the firm was Schnorrenberg & Gescheider.  On this date the former retired, leaving Mr. Gescheider as sole proprietor and editor of the paper.  Large circulation, steadily increasing throughout this and adjoining counties as well as in the States of Ohio and West Virginia.

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MUSIC, ART AND MECHANICS.

A BRIEF SKETCH OF STEUBENVILLE'S EMINENT ARTISTS - PAST AND PRESENT

     To the proverbial lengthy scroll of eminent men produced by the famous “Buckeye State,” few cities have contributed a more flattering compliment than Steubenville.  Not only statesmen, military veterans and learned advocates has she sent forth to the l world (most of whom we refer to elsewhere) but the accomplishments of music and fine arts have also found valued and distinguished votaries, in goodly numbers, emanate from the judicial seat of old Jefferson county, among whom, we may with pride refer to the following:

     W. H. McDONALD is a native of Steubenville, and in very early life gave evidence of a fine talent for music while possessing an extraordinary fine voice.   With care and culture he became quite a promising basso, rendering valued assistance to local singing organizations, and finally perfecting himself with four years study in Italy, where he acquired quite an eminence as a vocalist in several of the large cities.  After his return he became associated with the famous Strakosh company, next travelled with Hess, Adelaide Phillips and others.  He is now a member of the celebrated Abbott combination.  He married Marie Stone, of Boston, a most accomplished lady vocalist, who is also in the Abbott combination.  The happy pair occasionally return to the scenes of Mr. McDonald's youth, visiting relatives and friends, when they very generously favor a Steubenville congregation with a rich treat in the rendition of a

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choice selection of church music, at the First or Second Presbyterian churches, on the Sabbath, during their brief sojourn in the city.

     MISS LIZZIE BROSIE, a niece of Mr. J. C. Butte, brewer of this city, is also achieving quite an eminence as a vocalist.  While yet receiving her early education at home, she displayed an extraordinary faculty for vocal music, and the excellency of her voice was strikingly apparent, as she lent willing service in local musical circles.  Her uncle therefore resolved upon giving her a thorough musical education, and to that end placed her under eminent European masters.  She has already attained gratifying distinction, and is rapidly increasing in popularity,

     R. MASON JACKSON, at present in Europe perfecting his studies, also went from Steubenville.  He located here with his parents when a mere boy, and his ability for music made itself manifest in very early life.  His great hobby was the piano, on which he excelled to the astonishment of every one, and he was recently sent to the conservatory of music at Stutgart, Germany, where he is still engaged completing his education and affording increased assurances of having a brilliant career in store.  Henry Moody is a name that is still familiar in the ears of old settlers, as associated with instrumental music.  He was a son of Mr. Moody, atone time cashier of the old Jefferson Branch of the State Bank of Ohio, and his favorite study was the Keybugle - an instrument of unexcelled sweetness when played by a skillful performer.  He was at the height of his popularity about 1845-50, but a few years later - between 1854 and '60 departed this life.  We are assured by competent judges who were familiar with his proficiancy that he stood absolutely unrivaled as a bugler and shared a very wide popularity as such.

     WILSON McDONALD is a son of Isaac McDonald, once Sheriff of this county.  Wilson, from quite a boy, showed a wonderful taste for modeling, and even presented a bust of Henry Clay to our county officials, which stood for several years in the Court House.  As he grew up he left for St. Louis, and became general agent for the Wheeler & Wilson Sewing Machine Co., but never lost sight of the gifted hobby.  Indeed, he made a fine cast of Thomas Benton, Esqr., which is still standing in one of St. Louis’ public parks, beside handling, in a masterly manner, numerous other fine subjects, including a life-like bust of O’Connor.  His masterpiece, however in the line of sculptor, has been the fine statute recently unveiled at West Point, to the memory of the late gallant General Custer, which has earned for its sculptor national encomiums and celebrity.

     E. F. ANDREWS, son of Alexander Andrews, a wholesale grocer of Steubenville, early gave proof of an extraordinary talent for fine arts, and we believe, was a graduate of Marietta.  He first went to Germany to pursue his studies in 1859, and has since been home and revisited the continent several times.  He has now a studio in Washington City, D. C., and has produced numerous master-pieces of art in Cincinnati, Columbus and other prominent cities; noticeably a faithful likeness of president Hayes.  While recently in Steubenville he executed a splendid portrait of the late Capt. Charles Doty for several days in view upon Market street, which was the theme of admiration by everyone.  Nor should we omit to mention that another of his masterpieces - a length portrait of Martha Washington - is this year (1879) one of the finest art productions gracing the Cincinnati exposition.

     THOMAS COLE, though not exactly a native of Steubenville, was brought up here, and proved himself a perfect master at handling the brush.  His talents ranged equally in the production of landscapes and portraits.  In the latter respect Mr. John D. Slack, of this city, has still in his possession a perfect gem of art in the shape of a miniature picture executed with the brush by Mr. Cole, whose works of art, alike numerous as varied in subjects, still range very high in the estimation of critics.  He, however, died several years ago.

     W. WATKINS was another distinguished artist who went out from Stubenville, and subsequently made a specialty of miniature portraits, in which study he is said never to have been excelled in his day.  He removed to Cincinnati, and there flourished for several years, but about 1850 quit this transitory life, it is hoped, to view sconces of Celestial beauty.

     EZEKIEL HAWKINS, though really a native of Baltimore, came here when very young to reside in the association of his family kindred.  He was uncle to Mr. B. C. Hawkins, at present organist of the Second Presbyterian church, an accomplished musician and instructor.  Ezekiel pursued his studies here and at Wheeling, as an artist, for many years; was the first to introduce the process of dauguerrotype in both the latter cities; also was he the pioneer of the same process in Cincinnati about 1840.  He was a gentleman of extraordinary talents and an inveterate experimentalist, which led to his remarkable proficiency in the profession.  While in business in the latter city, however, and residing at Covington, Ky., he died about the year 1863.  But his almost innumerable masterpieces of art will even yet long survive him and preserve his memory green as the pioneer of a process that has achieved a perfection and popularity, in the study of fine arts, that will probably never die out.

OTHERS, NOT PROFESSIONALS, YET PROMINENT AMATEURS.

AMATEUR FINE ARTS.

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     THE LATE OLIVER CROMWELL GRAY - This estimable gentleman - a poetic genius - first saw light on Market street, Steubenville, Ohio, Jan. 1, 1821.  He descended from an old English family of the same name, of which also Thomas Gray, poet, and the author of the "Elegy in a country Churchyard," was a branch.  The house he was born in is still standing on teh principal thoroughfare of that thriving little city.  If not the heir of fortune, he was well born.  In 1838 he finished his studies at the Grove Academy, and the same year began teaching school at Knoxville, Jefferson county, as also at Springfield, and subsequently studied law, at Cincinnati.  He was admitted to the bar at Cleveland; came to Steubenville, and during the Mexican war became 1st lieutenant of the Jefferson Greys.  He returned home in July, 1847, and remained here till 1849, when he started for the land of El Dorado.  He, however, passed out of this life July 31, 1871.  His mind was highly cultivated in the various fields of intellect, and few professional men were more universally missed and regretted.  In literature he had a fine taste, and as a poet evidenced exceptional talents - see sketch of his life and writings, edited by his nephew, David Gray Ficks, published by J. B. Lippencott & Co., Philadelphia, in 1872.  The work in question is, indeed, a very fine one, containing rare and valued selections that will perpetuate his memory for centuries to come.

MECHANICAL INGENUITY

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THE OHIO RIVER

SYNOPSIS OF ITS HISTORY - REMINISCENCES OF EARLY NAVIGATION - THE DAWN OF STEAMBOATS ON WESTERN WATERS - ARRIVAL OF THE FIRST STEAMER AT STEUBENVILLE - "THE GEORGE WASHINGTON," AND CAPTAIN SHRIENES' EXPERIENCES - STEAMBOAT BUILDING IN STEUBENVILLE - FIRST TRIP OF THE "BAZALEEL WELLS" TO PITTSBURGH - GRAPHIC AND AMUSING SKETCHES BY ONE WHO WAS ON BOARD - AN ACCOUNT OF THE ROBERT THOMPSON AND OTHER NAUTICAL MATTERS OF LOCAL INTEREST.

REMINISCENCES OF EARLY NAVIGATION OF THE OHIO.

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FIRST LINE OF PACKETS BETWEEN PITTSBURGH AND CINCINNATI.

EARLY TRADING VESSELS.

NEXT, STEAMBOATS ARE TALKED OF.

THE DAWN OF STEAMBOATS ON WESTERN WATERS.

THE FIRST STEAMER ARRIVED UP THE RIVER AT STEUBENVILLE.

THE "GEORGE WASHINGTON,"

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STEAMBOAT BUILDING IN STEUBENVILLE.

HER FIRST TRIP TO PITTSBURGH,

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THE SECOND AND SUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT.

Page 488 -

TO ENTER THE ARKANSAS RIVER.

PICTURE OF PRINTING OFFICE
BOOK BINDERY
P. B. CONN, Proprietor

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STEUBENVILLE'S ANCIENT AND MODERN MODES OF COMMUNICATION WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

HOW THE CITY HAS ONCE COMPARATIVELY SHUT OUT FROM ALL THE LEADING COMMERCIAL CENTRES - BUT BY STEADY, PERSISTENT ENTERPRISE SHE HAS ESTABLISHED A PRIVILEGED ACCESS OF INESTIMABLE IMPORTANCE

Page 490 -

THE FIRST STAGE COACHES.

HOW MERCHANDISE WAS BROUGHT TO THE CITY.

THE INTRODUCTION OF RAILROADS.

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THE CLEVELAND AND PITTSBURGH RAILROAD.

OPENING OF THE WHEELING DIVISION OF THE P., C. & ST. L. R. R.
(A complete History of which will be found in the Appendix)

AND YET ANOTHER RAILROAD.

THE FIRST TELEGRAPH LINES IN STEUBENVILLE.

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STEUBENVILLE AS A SEAT FOR MANUFACTURE.

AN INTERESTING CHAPTER ON ITS VARIOUS DEFUNCT AND EXISTING INSTITUTIONS.

A GRIST AND SAW MILL.

THE FIRST TANNERY

BRICE VIER'S TANNERY.

THE PRESENT ELLIOTT TANNERY.

DISTILLERIES IN STEEUBENVILLE

POTTERY WORKS IN STEUBENVILLE.

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PIONEER NAIL MANUFACTUERE.

ANOTHER FLOUR MILL AND COTTON FACTORY.

ORIGIN OF THE "CLINTON" PAPER MILLS.

THE FIRST WOOLEN MILL.

STEUBENVILLE FOUNDRY.

THE MANUFACTURE OF COPPERAS.

     About 1820, an enterprising German, by the name of Kulp went into the manufacturing of copperas, which he continued with success for several years, employing four small kettles, but he finally returned to "Faderland."  Five or ten years later, however, to wit, in 1830 or 1835, John Fisher also saw a living in the same business and embarked therein, his son having succeeded to the same, which he still runs with much success.  The old gentleman, who is probably one of the most venerable pioneers still living in the county, assures us he has manufactured as high as fifteen hundred barrels in a season.

THE FIRST BREWERY.

THE DAWN OF FOUNDRIES AND MACHINE SHOPS.

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BOOK BINDING AND BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURE.

A CASTER OIL WORKS.

MURRAY'S (NOW STAPLES') BOAT YARD.

     And yet another feature in the way of manufacture dawned when in 1819 Captain Elijah Murray saw no good reason why Steubenville should not establish herself a reputation as a boat building point on the Ohio.  Nor was he wrong in his judgment, as subsequent developments conclusively demonstrated.  In the aforesaid year he opened  a yard on the present site of Staple's boat yard and saw mill, and soon gave employment to quite a number of men.  The captain was equally as popular on the river as he was in the city, and few could excel him in mechanical skill.  During his business career he built quite a number of steamers, including the "Bazaleel Wells," "Robert Thompson," "Steubenville," "Aurora," &c., but in 1832, he was visited with a fire that cleared out the whole business.  Subsequently, on the same site, David Cable and James McKinney, opened up a saw mill, eventually adding a planing mill, which they ran for some time when it fell into the hands of Robert and George McKinney, during whose proprietory, in 1867, it was burnt out again.  George McKinney rebuilt again about a year and a half afterwards and took in John Tweed as a partner in the lumber business.  Next, George bought out his partner and took in J. McCray; they continued only together some three years, when the property was sold out to the trustees of the Economist Society, from whom Mr. Charles Staples, the present proprietor, purchased comparatively recently.

ARMSTRONG'S BREWERY.

LARIMORE'S COTTON FACTORY.

THE ARKRIGHT COTTON FACTORY.

THE HISTORY OF THE CHEMICAL WORKS.

WALLACE'S (OR "ASHLAND") COTTON FACTORY.

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THE UNION FACTORY.

ARMSTRONG AND NORTHROP'S FACTORY.

THE "GOLGOTHA" FACTORY.

MCDOWELL'S FACTORY.

McKEE & ROBINSON'S FACTORY.

THE "ROCKVILLE" FACTORY.

THE "FRANKLIN" FACTORY.

THE FIRST AND PRESENT GLASS WORK ENTERPRISES.

WINDOW GLASS FACTORY.

GILL BROS.  CO'S "ACME" FLINT GLASS WORKS.

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BASLER'S BEER BREWERY

THE PRODUCTION OF SILK FOR MANUFACTURE.

HINEMAN'S SOAP FACTORY.

WYATT'S STEAM DYEING WORKS.

     It is now over forty years since Mr. J. W. Wyatt first introduced himself in business here, and at the present time he conducts the only steam dyeing business in the city.  He is a gentleman possessing an experience of over half a century, and commands alike a capital country and city trade.

MURPHY'S CARRIAGE WORKS.

SWORD'S MARBLE WORKS.

HUFF'S CARRIAGE WORKS.

THE OHIO FOUNDRY.

THE JEFFERSON MACHINE SHOPS.

McDEVIT'S FACTORY AND MACHINE SHOP.

P. C. & ST. L. CAR SHOPS.

"ANCHOR" SOAP WORKS.

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PEARCE & SON'S FURNITURE FACTORY.

UNION MARBLE WORKS.

JEFFERSON IRON WORKS.

SCHAFER'S BREWERY.

WHITE LEAD MANUFACTURE.

HAYS' VINEGAR WORKS.

BUTTE'S BEER FACTORY.

PLANING MILLS.

THE "CALIFORNIA" FLOUR AND FEED MILL.

RANEY, SHEAL & CO.'S FLOUR MILL.

CLARK & CURFMAN'S CARRIAGE FACTORY.

     These gentlemen established their business in 1866, and being excellent practical men, have founded it upon a solid basis.  Their works are located in the Market Square and their show rooms never lack a display of finished work at once a compliment alike to themselves and the city.

JEFFERSON KEG FOUNDRY.

ANCHOR OIL WORKS.

     This institution was built and started up in 1869, by John Orr and is located just below the Jefferson iron works.  Its chief product was carbon oil and it ran on successfully until two or three years ago, when it was discontinued, yet there are promising rumors of its shortly being resumed.

STEUBENVILLE FURNACE AND IRON COMPANY.

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THE BOLT WORKS.

     The career of these works has been very checkered in the past.  They are the property of Joseph Beatty & Co., and were put in operation about 1873, upon Will's creek.  They only ran a few years as a bolt works and were then employed, as at present, in a variety of small iron work.

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STEUBENVILLE'S COAL AND MINING INTERESTS.

SIGNIFICANT FACTS FOR MANUFACTURERS - "MOTHER EARTH'S" TREASURES AND HOW THEY ARE EXPLORED WITHIN THE LIMITS AND IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF A PROSPEROUS AND ENTERPRISING CITY - "BLACK DIAMONDS" UNLIMITED - IRON ORE AND LIMESTONE IN ABUNDANCE WITH A MOST DESIRABLE QUALITY OF FIRE CLAY, &C. - FACTS, FIGURES AND OPINIONS FROM THE MOST UNQUESTIONABLE AUTHORITIES.

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Page 500 -
miners live in town, and a large number own their own house and lot."
     From the foregoing, it will be seen that Steubenville is favored in the highest degree as a coal field, and now we proceed to say a few words about other treasures abundantly recovered hereabouts.

IRON ORE, LIMESTONE, BUILDING STONE, FIRE AND BRICK CLAY, AND CHEMICAL MATTERS.

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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF STEUBENVILLE
[Kindly contributed by the Rev. Wm. M. Grimes, D. D.]

Page 501 -

ORGANIZATION OF THE CHURCH.

THE INCORPORATION.

THE PLACE OF WORSHIP.

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CHURCHES SPRINGING FROM THE FIRST.

REVIVALS OF RELIGION.

THE SECOND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

THE OLD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
[Kindly contributed by the Rev. William S. Owens.]

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"KRAMER M. E. CHURCH," STEUBENVILLE, OHIO.
[Kindly contributed by the Rev. D. C. Osborne, Pastor.]

Page 504 -

Page 505 -

THOMSON CHAPEL M. E. CHURCH
[Kindly contributed by the Rev. I. K. Rader, pastor.]

THE SUNDAY SCHOOL.

HAMLINE CHAPEL.

FINLEY CHAPEL.

ST. PAUL'S PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH, STEUBENVILLE, OHIO.

Page 506 -

THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.

Page 507 -

ST. JOHN'S GERMAN LUTHERAN CHURCH.

GERMAN LUTHERAN EVANGELICAL CHURCH.

THE FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH.

THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.

METHODIST PROTESTANT CHURCH.

"LATIMER CHAPEL"

AFRICAN M. E. CHURCHES.

[Page 508]
Charleston, Piatt Davis, George Coleman, Thomas Lawrence, Wm. Newman, Charles Peters, S. H. Thompson, Jeremiah Bowman, Sunrise, John Ridgway, Leaven Gross, Alexander Austin, Nelson Carter, James Stewart, S. H. Thompson, Wm. Ralph, M. M. Smith, S. T. Jones, John Gibbons, S. H. Thompson, (third time) Revs. Ralph, Burrs, Lowry and D. N. Mason.
     A separate congregation from the A. M. E. Church was formed in 1876.  The following year a frame building seating about three hundred people was erected on North Sixth street, which is still in use.  The pastors of this congregation have been Revs. Posey, Carr and Rougher, the last named still in charge.

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EARLY BURIAL GROUNDS AND THE PRESENT CEMETERY.

THE PRESENT UNION CEMETERY

     Was opened with fifty acres of ground, in the western part of the town, which attractively laid out site has been increased from time to time, until it now embraces a territory of 147 acres of level ground, hill and valley, with romantic and varied scenes around it.  It is, indeed, a deeply interesting location, and admirably fitted to receive the remains of loved ones gone before.  There are two entrances to the grounds, about a mile and a quarter apart, with handsome gateways of stone and iron, and lodge houses adjoining, erected through the liberality of Dr. C. C. Beatty, at a cost of certainly not less than 810,000.  A prominent landmark in the cemetery is the soldiers’ monument, completed in 1870, at a cost of 88,000. It is a beautiful corinthian column of white marble, surmounted by a flying eagle, while at the base stand life size statues of a soldier and a sailor.  Emblems of war and names of the fields upon which Jefferson county soldiers bled and died are found on the sides.  It is superb in design and execution, and no one who visits the cemetery should fail to make a close examination of it.  Beside this there are exceedingly fine monuments, tablets, &c., erected to the names of Colonel George W. McCook, Rev. H. G. Comingo, J. G. Morris, George Scott, John Andrews, the Borelands, Dotys, Garretts, McGowans, Hukills, Crawfords, Russells, Doyles, &c., and a specialty of neat bead and foot stone designs, with tablets, erected by Mr. E. F. Andrews to the memory of his children.  The Rev. Dr. C. C. Beatty is the only one who has a vault, and it is a very fine one.  Up to June, 1879, 3,356 interments had been made in these grounds, 383 of which consisted of removals.  The cemetery is the property of a private company, of whom Joshua Manly is at present the president, the Rev. Dr. C. C. Beatty, treasurer, and J. S. Patterson, secretary, the latter gentleman’s office being on Fourth street, opposite the postoffice.  The walks and general lay out of the cemetery, added to the excellent order in which it is kept, are a compliment to the city.  A half day spent among the miles of walks and drives of this beautiful spot would fully repay even the hurried visitor.

THE CATHOLIC CEMETERY.

     Our information as regards the earliest interments of Catholics in this community is meager, and we must therefore confine our comments to referring our readers to the brief data contained in the excellent articles on the Catholic church inserted elsewhere.

STEUBENVILLE CITY BIOGRAPHIES
 

     DANIEL McCONVILLE was a native of county Down, Ireland; born in 1820, and died Sept. 27, 1878.  He came to America in June, 1849, with his wife, nee Martha Cochran, (sister to Mr. R. Cochran, dry goods merchant, Market street,) and two sons, Daniel and James.  He first located in Knoxville, but in two years came to the city, and went into partnership with Cochran in the wholesale notion business.  Two years later he bought out Moses Alexander, but having an eye to a more central location, moved to Vierling's present stand, Market street, in 1860.  He remained there till the present very fine McConville block built on the corner of Market and Fourth streets, where he remained to his death, and pending the settlement of the estate the business is still run under the old firm style by his sons.  He was a thorough type of the fine old Irish gentleman - genial, whole-souled and at heart devoted to the country and its people.  He might be termed a sound liberal democrat in politics and from birth associated with the Catholic church.  He was liberal to the poor and a worthy citizen and shrewd merchant, with a very large circle of friends in this community.  He was also at one time a director in the old Merchant and Mechanic’s Bank and in the Jefferson Insurance Company; while as a tradesman his ability and diligent application earned for him a desirable competency.  While in this country his family increased by three sons and two daughters—Edward, Thomas, Emmet, Hannah
and Edith.  Daniel is a director of the state penitentiary, and James has already served in the city council.

     DAVID MYERS, the present agent in Steubenville for the Adams Express Company, is a native of that city, and was born in 1828, his parents being from Pennsylvania.  He early learned the trade of a smith and for several years worked at it, subsequently becoming a steamboat engineer on the river— his last engagement being second engineer on the “Eclipse,” under Capt. R. W. Doyle.  After that (in 1855) he bought an interest in the wharf boat with J. and G. O’Neal & Co., succeeding to it as agent.  He only held that position, however, about one year, when he removed the Adams express business to the center part of the city— October 1856— its present address being 417, Market street.  A few years later, Mr. Myers also became insurance agent, and has succeeded in obtaining the representation of probably the oldest, finest and most reliable offices known in America, including the ‘Ætna,” “Royal” of England, “Insurance Company of North America,” “ Hartford ” of Hartford, “Fire Association of Philadelphia,” “Teutonia,” “Lancashire” of England, “Niagara,” the “Underwriters,” and several others.  In 1865 Mr. Myers also received the appointment to succeed Daniel McCurdy as Deputy Collector of Revenues for Jefferson county, to which Carroll county was subsequently added, and as an evidence of his executive ability and trustworthiness, during a period of fourteen years he has officiated under five different collectors.  He has also ever evinced a deep interest in local affairs, serving two years in the council and four years a county treasurer, during which latter period he introduced a new system of tax receipts that is gaining universal adoption.  He was married May 21st, 1843, to Amy, daughter of Samuel Kirkpatrick, of New Jersey, but who was one of the earliest settlers in Steubenville, by whom he has a family of six children living.  One daughter has become Mrs. John McGowan -  one son, (Samuel A.,) is chief clerk in the Railroad Postal service on the Pan Handle route, and William is in the Western Union Telegraph service at Pittsburgh.

     Q. A. LOBENZIER is a native of Westmoreland county, Pa.; born 1848.  He learned and was subsequently engaged for a number of years at telegraphy.  He arrived in Steubenville in 1877, where he opened up business as a florist.  He has a fine location on North Fourth street, and commands a very fine assortment of plants, flowers, shrubs, &c.  He also engages in general gardening and fruit growing.

     A. K. MANSFIELD, born in Newberryport, Mass., is by profession a graduate in the study of mechanics, and perfected in that science in Europe.  He was engaged for a number of years in Boston and vicinity, and now is in charge of the P., C. & St. L. R. R. car shops, Steubenville, a responsible position he has filled for some time with efficiency.

     WILLIAM B. COLLIER of Ithaca, New York, was born in 1815; spent his early life in that section, but came to Jefferson county in 1822.  He followed steamboating for twenty years, but has been in the service of the P., C. & St. L. R. R. Co. for the past fifteen years.  Mr. C. first took up his abode in Steubenville fifty years ago, and has witnessed the maturity of the city from

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a comparative hamlet.  He married Cornelia, daughter of Dr. Wm. Hunt, of Fredericktown, New Jersey, in 1841, by whom he has three daughters.

     E. P. RALSTON is a native of Jefferson county, was born in 1844, and commenced working in a flour mill when only twelve years of age, and has made the manufacturing of flour the study of his life.  He was formerly engaged in Cassell's mill, Zanesville, but is at present running the “California” mill, in Steubenville, conducting both a merchant and custom trade in the manufacture of flour, feed, &c.  He married Emma, daughter of Robert Dawson, of Knox county, Ohio, in 1867, by whom he has a family of four children.  He enlisted in the 157 Regiment O. N. G., company N., as private in the 100 day service, and was mustered out at the expiration of his term at Camp Chase.

     E. E. PAUL. by trade a blacksmith, was born in Steubenville in 1836.  He engaged with the P., C. & St. L. railroad company in 1867 and worked for them until April, 1879, and then commenced business for himself on the corner of Fifth and South streets.  Mr. Paul's ancestors were among the very first settlers in Jefferson county, for which his grandfather was the first prosecuting attorney.  He married Amelia, daughter of William Clemens, of Allegheny City, Pa., in 1860, and has had a family of four children, three of whom still live.

     JAMES PARKS was born in Mercer county, Pa., 1806.  His father died when our subject was only six years of age, and he came in 1812, with his mother, to Steubenville.  When only ten years of age he commenced working on a farm for his uncle at Mingo Bottoms.  From here he subsequently went to learn the carpenter business, and worked at the trade in Philadelphia, and in Steubenville for a few years.  He then commenced in the general mercantile business, on Third street, and afterward removed to what is now the McConville block, Market street; was in that business about twenty years, and sold out to connect himself with what was then the Steubenville and Indiana railroad.  He was one of the first directors and labored hard to build the road - traveling some two to three years on horseback to secure stock, right of way, and generally furthering the interests of the road; was with this road until it merged into the P., C. & St. L. railroad, and is still engaged with the company, being the only original director still living - having survived to witness the old S. & I. railroad form one of the most important links in the connecting railroad route uniting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.  Mr. P. still lives in Steubenville, his early home, and has ever evinced the warmest interest in its prosperity.  His first wife was Mary, daughter of Ambrose Shaw, of this city, whom he married in 1829, and by whom he had ten children, five of whom are still living.  His second wife was Alice Rock, of Urbana, Ohio, by whom he had no family.

     JAMES WYATT, born in Manchester, Lancashire, England, in 1809, had accomplished himself by a full apprenticeship to the dyeing business in England ere he came to America in 1830. From New York he proceeded to Philadelphia, and there followed his business until 1834, when he came to Steubenville and engaged immediately with Messrs. Orth & Wallace at their woolen mills, taking charge of their dyeing department.  With them, and others, he remained seven years, and then, in connection with George Cropper, he started a dyeing business, in woolen and cotton goods, on Sixth street, near Market, and they carried on the business twelve years.  Mr. Cropper then withdrawing, Mr. Wyatt has since continued, single handed, in a general steam dyeing and scouring business, his present location being Nos. 613 and 615 Adams street, just above the track of the P.. C. & St. L. railroad, where he has been for twenty-seven years.  Mr. W. has long been identified with the business interests of Steubenville, and to-day has the oldest and most competent establishment of the kind in the city.  His first wife was Martha Cartwright, of Philadelphia, to whom he was married in 1830, but had no issue.  His second wife was Mrs. J. J. Vickery, of Steubenville, whom he married in 1860.

     JOSHUA HENRY, a native of Pittsburgh, was born on Feb. 12, 1826.  He early learned coach blacksmithing, and then acquainted himself with the shovel making business, and worked at it a number of years.  In 1845 betook to the draying business on his own account, and continued it until 1849.  He then came to Steubenville and engaged in the grocery and feed business for three years, after which he opened up a mineral water manufactory, continuing the same for a number of years.   His health failing, however, he is at present retired from business.  Mr. Henry married Ann, daughter of James and Margaret Lee, of Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1847, by whom he has had a family of four children.

     H. D. PECK was born in Syracuse, New York, in 1842; enlisted in company E., 22d N. Y. Cavalry, in 1863, as a private, but was elected second lieutenant immediately on the organization of the company.   He was promoted at different times, and when mustered out of the service, at the end of the war, ranked as captain.  He came to Jefferson county in 1866, and engaged in the coal business; followed it until recently, and is now engaged in the picture and fancy goods trade on Fourth street, near Market.  Mr. Peck was married in 1870, to Harriet A., daughter of Thomas Burns, of Jefferson county, and has a family of three children.

     J. C. BROWN enlisted in Company E, 52d Regiment O. V. I. as a private in August, 1862, and served two years.  He was wounded and lost a limb near Atlanta, Georgia, in 1864.  Discharged in 1865.

     B. N. LINDUFF enlisted in Company E., 157th Regiment O. N. G., as a private. He served four months, and was honorably discharged at the expiration of that term at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio.  Being a native of Jefferson county, he substantially studied law with the Hon. Thomas McCauslen, of Steubenville, was admitted to the bar Oct. 1, 1873, and is now engaged in the practice of his profession in Steubenville.

     ISAAC LINDUFF inlisted in Company I., 53d Regiment O. V. I. in 1862 as sergeant, and was promoted to orderly.  He was wounded before Atlanta, Georgia, in 1864, and discharged on account of disability in 1865.

     O. W. WORTHINGTON enlisted in Company B., 157th Regiment O. N. G., as a private, and served 100 days.  He afterward re-enlisted in Young's Battery, of Pittsburgh, and serve till the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged at Harrisonburg, in 1865.

     ROBERT ANDREW SHERRARD, an old and honored resident of Jefferson county, Ohio, was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, May 4th, 1789.  He was the fourth son of John and Mary Sberrard.  His parents were both natives of County Derry, Ireland.  His father came to this country in the year 1772, and after serving in the early part of the revolutionary war, and also in Crawford’s campaign against the Indians on the Sandusky Plains in 1782, he purchased land and settled near Connellsville, Pennsylvania.  In 1804, the subject of this sketch, removed with his father’s family to a farm near Smithfield, Jefferson county, Ohio.  In 1811, he and three brothel’s, uniting their resources and labors, built saw and flouring mills on Rush Run, near Warrenton.  During the many years of his residence there, and in conducting the business of the mills, he was widely known and universally respected as a man of sound judgment and strict integrity.  His acquaintance was extensive, and he was often called into public positions of great responsibility.  In 1833, Mr. Sherrard removed to the well known Sugar Hill Farm, near Steubenville, where he brought up a large family of twelve children  - six sons and six daughters.  On this farm, he continued to live until the time of his death.  In 1816, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Fithcart of Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania.  In 1823, she departed this life, leaving five children - three sons and two daughters.  Mr. Sberrard was again married in 1827.  His second wife was Miss Jane Hindman of Jefferson county, Ohio.  She still survives at the advanced age of 75 years.  The result of the last union was three sons and four daughters.  Mr. Sberrard lived to see all his children grown up and settled in life, and members of the Presbyterian church - in which church two of his sons are ministers, viz: Rev. John H. Sberrard, pastor of Upper Ten Mile Church, Prosperity, Pennsylvania, and Rev. Thomas J. Sherrard, pastor of the church of Mifflintown, Pennsylvania.  Mr. Sherrard made a profession of religion in the Presbyterian church of Centre, Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1816.  In the year 1824, he was elected an elder in that church, and continued there in office for nine years, until his removal to Sugar Hill, when he became a member of the First Presbyterian church, Steubenville, Rev. Charles C. Beatty, D. D., pastor. In 1851 he was chosen and installed a ruling elder in that church, and

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remained in office till his death.  How faithful he continued to the trust committed to him is thus testified to after his decease by one who knew him well: Mr. Sherrard was in many respects a remarkable man.  His intellect was clear, vigorous and commanding.  He was for more than fifty years in this community an ardent advocate of total abstinence.  His example and precept blest, in no ordinary degree, the people among whom he lived.  As a neighbor, he was kind, generous, and ever ready to sympathize with those in suffering, and to help those in distress.  As a business man, he was firm in his integrity, and undeviating in soundness of honest principle and morality.  As a friend, he was true, candid, and far removed from all pretension and hypocrisy.  As a Christian, he was not demonstrative, nor in any sense ostentatious, but calm, firm, and joyous in his confidence in God, and firmly settled on Christ, the foundation of his hope, and source of all his comfort and joy.”  Though Mr. Sherrard had received only a common school education, yet by great diligence and preserving effort, he became a writer of no mean merit and a converser excelled by few.  He had a memory of extraordinary tenacity.   His articles for the press were frequent and interesting, touching the early history of the county and state where he resided almost 70 years,  Few men were better acquainted with the history of Jefferson county than he, as his numerous MSS testify.  His end was peace.  He died at Sugar Hill, Jan. 1st, 1874, in the 85th year of his age.
 

     THE REV. CHARLEY CLINTON BEATTY, D. D., L. L. D., is the oldest Presbyterian minister in this region of country.  He was born Jan. 4, 1800, near Princeton, N. J,, where he received his collegiate and theological education.  He was licensed to preach January, 1822, and was ordained the 1st of October in the same year.  He came to Steubenville in May, 1823, and having settled in the First Presbyterian church, continued its pastor for thirteen years.  He afterwards built and organized the Second Presbyterian church, and preached in it till 1848.  For some years he has been engaged in an effort to establish a third Presbyterian church.  He is better known as the founder, in 1829, (with his wife) of the Steubenville Female Seminary, of which he continued superintendent for fifty years.  He is now eighty years of age, and has retired from public business, though he has always identified himself with all the interests of the place, as one of its most active and enterprising citizens.

     REV. ALEXANDER McCANDLESS REID, Ph. D., proprietor and principal of the Steubenville Female Seminary, was born in Beaver county, Pennsylvania, was well and favorably known as a Presbyterian elder of unimpeachable rectitude.  Hismother, Jane (McCandless) Reid, a woman of notable piety, was so sorely afflicted with rheumatism that for twenty years she was unable to walk or to move from her chair.  He was educated at Cannonsburg, in the Jefferson College, and at the Allegheny Theological Seminary.  Upon relinquishing school life he engaged in teaching at Sewickly Academy, Pennsylvania, associated with Rev.. Jos. S. Travelli, and there remained for several years.  In 1855 he went to Europe for the purpose of extending his sphere of knowledge, and finding improvement to foreign travel.  He was married in 1855 to Sarah Lambert, of Mercer county, Pennsylvania.  In October, 1856, he became associated with Rev. Dr. Charles C. Beatty in the management of the Steubenville Female Seminary, an institution over which he has presided as proprietor and principal for several years past.  During the nineteen years of his connection with the seminary, the average number of pupils has been about one hundred and fifty; the number of boarding pupils about ninety.  The whole number of pupils that have attended here is over four thousand.  He received his degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D.) from Washington and Jefferson College.  In 1875 he went as a delegate to the Pan-Presbyterian Assembly at London, representing the Northern Presbyterian church.  After the close of his labors with that body, he made an extensive tour of the continent visiting France, Switzerland, Germany and Holland, after having journeyed through England and Wales.  While abroad in 1855, he was the European correspondent for two newspapers, and for many years has written more or less regularly for the general press.  Of his many brilliant sermons, several have been published, and in a printed form elicited warm encomiums from many quarters.  The following condensation of facts is gathered from various reliable sources: "Nineteen years ago Rev. A. M. Reid, Ph. D., and wife, who had been teaching for a number of years in Sewickly, Pa., became connected with the institution (Steubenville Female Seminary) and for a number of years its active management has been in their hands.  To take the place of Doctor and Mrs. Beatty was not easy, but Doctor and Mrs. Reid have demonstrated their entire fitness for this high and responsible situation by the most marked success in government, discipline and instruction, and in making the seminary a real home for its pupils.”  In the curriculum of study, in the method of teaching, and in all acknowledged improvements they have maintained their position with unvarying energy, and kept the seminary in its original and leading position; while the religious influence, which has been one of its notable features, has been maintained without the slightest abatement.  “ Providence brought together two stranger tourists in Switzerland, on Mount Blanc.  Dr. Comingo, on his return, spoke to Dr. Beatty of the pleasant meeting he had with Mr. Reid, and this led to the relation.  Mr. Reid with his fine literary taste,- ripe scholarship, love of and rare aptness for teaching, and earnest devotion to his work, has kept the standard of scholarship up to the demands of the age.  Gifted with the faculty of examining a case from different stand-points; uniting gentleness with firmness, the family type originally impressed upon the school, has been preserved.”  His estimable wife has in countless ways and guises assisted importantly in the arduous yet pleasant work of preserving and developing the home and family feeling; by her plans for social and aesthetical culture, in the way of frequent opportunities for social intercourse, the monthly birthday fetes, the observance of family and school occasions, special anniversaries, post-prandial speeches, the cultivation of plants and flowers, and the love of nature, fostered by frequent rambles in the lovely glens around Steubenville, and on the health-giving hills of Virginia, across the river.  Together, Doctor and Mrs. Reid, as the guides of the seminary, have, it is everywhere cheerfully *acknowled, ever kept in mind the high aim of the institution: to give solid culture, refined manners and true Christian character to those under its roof.  This Seminary, now moulding the third generation, is remarkable on account of the widespread and plainly discernible influence which it has so beneficially exercised throughout a long array of years - an influence which has controlled with admirable results not only individuals but also institutions, homes and churches in New England, in the middle, southern and western states, in the territories, in foreign lands, and in the isles of the sea.  In its earlier days, when the river, the canal boat and the lumbering stage coach were (he only means of transit, “its daughters came from afar.”  While to-day even when facilities for education have advanced so wondrously, the Atlantic, the Pacific, the gulf and the lakes meet here in their representatives.  It is remarkable for the exemption from disease, death and calamity it has enjoyed.  Long years have passed without a serious case of sickness.  Death has made few visits; pestilence and fire have spared it.  The seminary is noteworthy also for its average of scholarship and character.  Its graduates are known as sensible, intelligent women; showing breadth of mind and symmetry of character, abreast of the times, ready for emergencies and occupying positions of responsibility and usefulness all over the country, as wives, as mothers and as teachers.  Its religious influence has been weilded in a manner, and with results direct and indirect, far from usual or common; revival after revival has swept it with beneficent effect; ingathering after ingathering has recalled the careless and the unthinking.  Twenty per cent, of the pupils have yearly been brought within the sheltering portal of the church, while in all these awakenings, the means used and blessed have ever been scrupulously freed from all devices of an emotional or ecstatic character.  The education of the spiritual nature of the pupil is here inevitable from the constitution and spirit of the school.  The prominence given to Bible instructions, the family prayers, the half hours for devotion, the weekly prayer meeting, the prayer meeting at the dawn of the new year, the motto for the year, the serious words, the gentle reminder, the frequent visits of the pastor, the Sabbath, services, all have been found to be the means of grace greatly blessed.  Its excellent Principal, an ardent lover of pure, strong literature, poetry, history and essays, finds perhaps his greatest pleasure in teaching Latin, Greek, astronomy and literature, branches to which he devotes his special attention in his class-room work.  But, perhaps, his personal influence is most felt, and his best work accomplished by his lectures to the whole school on a great range of subjects of importance to all well informed people. These are such subjects as the “current Dews of the world, culture, manners, men and women of note, art, science,” &c.  These exert a powerful influence in making the girls thoughtful and well informed, and so fitting them History of Belmont and Jefferson Counties

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to be forces in society.  And besides these, his earnest addresses on subjects connected with spiritual culture, the need of an exalted Christian character, have a moulding power the measure of which eternity alone can reveal.
 

     GEORGE MOSEL, is a native of Germany, and was born in 1827, coming to America in 1852, and to Steubenville the same year; has been engaged in the coal and coke business for the Ohio and Pennsylvania Coal Company, Hammondsville Coal Company and Jefferson Iron Works.  He now has charge of the latter's coke ovens.  He was married in 1852, to Louisa, daughter of Frederick Flugan, of New Lisbon, Columbiana county, and has a family of three sons and three daughters.

     S. J. WHEDOCK is a native of Amsterdam, N. Y., and was born in 1823, coming to Steubenville in 1853.  For a number of years he was engaged as an engineer on the river, but at present is engineer at the water works, Steubenville.  He married Harriet, daughter of A. Marsellas, of Amsterdam, N. Y., in 1847, by whom he has one child, a daughter.

     BENJAMIN FORD was born in England in 1811, where he learned to be a machinist, under his father, and came to America in 1831.  He has resided in Pittsburgh, Wheeling and Cincinnati, and has been employed a number of years in different iron mills as an engineer.  Mr. Ford has been engaged at the Jefferson Iron Works for the past twenty years, in charge of the engines in the rolling mill.  He has been forty-five years an engineer and has three sons engaged in the same business; was married in 1833, to Sarah A., daughter of John Barlow, of New York, and has had a family of nine children, four sons and three daughters, all of whom are still living.

     C. R. THOMPSON was born in Northumberland, England, in 1830, engaged in mining there, and came to America in 1858.  He was engaged in W. H. Born's Coal Works, near Pittsburgh, for some time, and came to Steubenville in 1862.  He was with Mr. Averick for about two years and then engaged at the Jefferson coal shaft, and is now superintendent of the mine.  Mr. Thompson has had large experience in coal mining and most efficiently conducts the department of the Jefferson works of which he has charge.  He was married in 1848, to Mary, daughter of Charles Jackson, of Durham England, and has a family of four sons and two daughters living.

     JAMES CLINGERMAN was born in Licking county, Ohio, 1833, came to Steubenville in 1856, where he was engaged for a number of years on the old Steubenville and Indiana railroad.  He is at present employed at the Steubenville water works, was married in 1860, to Lydia, daughter of Robert Hartford, of Jefferson county, and has one child, a daughter.

     JOHN HINEMAN, JR., was born in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1854.  He learned the soap and candle manufacture with his father, in this city (Steubenville), and remains engaged in the business at 132 North Fourth street.

     F. G. COOPER was born at Rush Run, Jefferson county, in 1843, and learned the trade of a shoemaker at Portland.  He came to Steubenville in 1874, and now carries on business on the corner of Sixth and Adams street.

     JOHN H. SAUNDERS was born in 1829, at Gardiner, Maine, and came to Jefferson county in 1851.  He learned the cabinetmaking business and worked at his trade a number of years.  He is now engaged in the building business in Steubenville; was married in 1859, to Sarah, daughter of Malichi Krebbs, of Jefferson county, by whom he has had a family of ten children, six of them still living.

     JOHN M. BARCLAY, of Philadelphia, was born in 1848, and educated at Westchester, Pa., studied civil engineering, and has been engaged in the practice of his profession since 1867.  He was married in 1878, to Mary H., daughter of James H. Warner, of Steubenville, O.

     R. B. LANDER was born in Pennsylvania, in 1856, came to Steubenville with his parents in 1859, and learned his trade in the latter city, as a blacksmith, which business he is still carrying on successfully on South Fifth street.

     RICHARD HUFF is a native of Steubenville, and was born in 1845.  He learned the trade of a painter, and is now in business on North Fifth street.  He married Catharine, daughter of Wm. Richardson, of Jefferson county, by whom he has three children, sons.

     GEORGE L. CONN was born in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1836, became a moulder by trade, and has been in the service of Sharp & Son, of the Ohio foundry, for the last twenty-six years.  He married Sarah E., daughter of James McGuire, of Steubenville, and has an interesting family of six children. Mr. Conn enlisted in company D., 157th regiment O. V. I., as a private, in 1864 (hundred daysmen), served his time honorably, and at its expiration was mustered out at Columbus, O.

     J. C. WOLFF was born in Baltimore, in 1814.  He learned and worked at the boot making trade for a number of years, but engaged with the old Steubenville and Indiana Railroad Company and helped to construct their road.  He remained associated with them and the P., C. & St. L. Company down to the present - one of Steubenville’s most pioneer and successful railroad attaches.  He married M. L., daughter of Jacob Steir, of Steubenville, Ohio, in 1835, by whom he has had a family of ten children, three boys and four gilds still living.

     JAMES W. DAVISON was born in Washington county, Pa., in 1832, and came to Steubenville with his parents in 1839.  He learned the blacksmithing trade, and is at present in business on the corner of Adams and Third streets, with his father.  He married Rebecca, daughter of John and Ellenor Niblack, of Steubenville, and has four sons and two daughters.  During the late war he was out in the hundred days’ service as also his brother John, and at the expiration of that term, honorably discharged at Columbus, Ohio.

     JOSEPH HOUT, of Jefferson county, was born in 1852, and learned the trade of a carpenter, being at present engaged in the bridge shop of the P., C. & St. L. Ry. Co,, at Steubenville.

     J. W. CORBETT, of Salem, Columbiana county, Ohio, was born in 1843, became a carpenter while in Pittsburgh, and worked in that city for a number of years.  He came to Steubenville in 1863, and is at present employed in the bridge shop of the P., C. & St. L. Ry. Co.  He married Nettie, daughter of Jacob Wolff, of Steubenville in 1870, and has a family of three sons.

     LAFAYETTE KIMBALL enlisted in Company H., 16th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, June 29, 1861, as a private.  Served two years, was honorably discharged on account of disability, at Camp Hamilton, Va., in 1863.

     J. D. KEITH was born in Steubenville, Ohio, Nov. 15, 1824, became a carpenter, and worked in Cincinnati and Pittsburgh for a number of years, but is now engaged in Anderson’s mill as foreman.  He married Rebecca, daughter of John Bowels, of Columbiana county, in 1847, by whom he has three daughters living.

     JOHN BENTZ, of Franklin county, Pa., was born in 1820.  Served his time to the carpenter business, and worked at his trade in Allegheny City, Pa., for twenty-five years.  He came to Jefferson county in 1861, and engaged with the Steubenville Coal and Mining Company, as clerk, remaining with them to the present time - some nineteen years.  He married Elizabeth, daughter of Wm. Kingan, of Allegheny City, Pa., in 1843, and out of a family of six children, has three living - two sons and one daughter.

     C. H. STAPLES, of New Market, Harrison county, Ohio, was born in 1846, and was brought up on a farm until fifteen years of age, and then took to the saw mill and lumber business.  Came to Steubenville in 1872, and engaged in boat building and the lumber business on North Water street, near the C. & P. depot, where his yard is still located.  He married Emma J., daughter of Peter Householder, of Jefferson county, in 1870, but who died in 1874.   He has, however, a son and daughter still living.

     A. B. JOHNSON was born in Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1814, and for a number of years followed the business of a blacksmith.  He also engaged in stock dealing for a time, and then took to the river trade. He was captured in Now Orleans in 1861 and pressed into the service of the Southern Confederacy - had his head shaved for refusing to take the oath of allegiance, and escaped from the rebel array at the first battle of Bull’s Run. He enlisted in Company H., 40th Regiment, V. I., in 1861, as a private, and was soon detailed for hospital service, serving until December, 1863, when he was honorably discharged on account of disability.  He married Jane P., daughter of John Ward, of Washington county, Pa., 1840, by whom he has four children living, one son and three daughters.

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     J. E. REED, of Malaga, Monroe county, Ohio, was born in 1840; first engaged with his father in the druggist business, and then learned the printing business with Williams & West, of Woodsfield, Monroe county.  Came to Steubenville in 1865, and engaged in the printing business with W. R. Allison, but is now engaged contracting, hauling, &c.  He married Jennie, daughter of John Boyd, of Steubenville, Ohio, in 1867, by whom he has three sons and one daughter.

     JAMES H. BELL enlisted in company B, 32d regiment O. V. I., in October, 1853, as a private, serving one year, and was honorably discharged at Columbus, O.

     JOHN FRIZELL is a native of Philadelphia, and was born in 1834.  He learned the tailoring business, and came to Steubenville in 1865, where he has since been engaged at his trade, located at 112 South Sixth street.  In connection with his tailoring business, he also runs a dyeing and scouring establishment with much success.

     F. D. THOMPSON, architect and builder, was born in Steubenville in 1846.  His attention was first turned for seven years to the iron business, after which he entered into contracting and building, and is still in business on the corner of Fifth and Ross streets in this his native city.  He was married in 1871, to Mary Jane, daughter of Thomas Maxwell, of Jefferson county, by whom he has two children.  Mr. Thompson enlisted in company G., 6th regiment Ohio cavalry, as a private, which regiment was consolidated into the 13th Ohio cavalry.  He was wounded at the explosion of a mine in front of Petersburg, and honorably discharged and mustered out of the service in July, 1865.

     JOHN H. SAUNDERS enlisted in company F., 25th regiment O. V. I., in June, 1861, as a private, and was promoted to orderly sergeant in 1863; served five years, and was mustered out of the service in June, 1866, at Columbus, Ohio.

     GEORGE MAHON is a native of Cross Creek township, Jefferson county; was born Nov. 25, 1812, and came to Steubenville in 1824.  He learned the saddle and harness business with Mr. McLaughlin, then carrying on the trade on Market street, serving seven years.  He subsequently worked in Indiana, Michigan, Ohio and Pennsylvania, but returned to Steubenville to settle down.  In March, 1837, he opened on his own account on Market street, where he remained down to 1873.  He then removed to his present location, 105 South Fourth street.  In addition to establishing an excellent business, Mr. M. ever evinced a lively public interest in the prosperity of the city and county, and still lives to enjoy the comforts of health and happiness, surrounded with the worthily earned results of a well-spent life.  He married Nancy, daughter of Col. James Miller, of Jefferson county, in 1840, and has been blessed with a family of seven children, six of whom are still living.

     JACOB CHAPMAN was born in Allegheny county, Pa., in 1836, learned the general blacksmithing business; and opened up a trade in Steubenville in 1858, where he still prospers at his trade.  He was married in 1861 to Mary H., daughter of Samuel Robinson; of Brooke county, W. Va., by whom he has bad an interesting family of two children, only one of whom, however, is still living.

     WILLIAM GRIFFITHS was born in South Wales, in 1844, and has worked at the iron business since seven years of age.  Came to the United States in 1868, and has since been engaged as a blast furnace keeper.  He is now in the employ of the Stony Hollow Furnace Company, Steubenville.  He married Margaret Lewis, of South Wales, and out of a family of six children, has four living.

     J. H. HAYES is of Saratoga county, New York, and was born in 1809.  He learned the hat and fur trade, in which he was extensively engaged, at Little Falls, New York for several years, also in Rochester, New York, from which latter place he came to Steubenville in 1858, and engaged in the Hotel business, on Market street, in old Washington Hall.  Was there a number of years, and also engaged in the cider vinegar trade on North Fourth Street, No.,502.  He is still carrying on the same trade, being the only one in that business in Steubenville.  He married Mary Stebbins, of Little Falls, New York, in 1837, and out of a family of seven children, has five still living.

     G. E. SMITH enlisted in Company G , 129th Regiment O. V. I., (six months service) as private, and was honorably discharged at the expiration of his service.  He re-enlisted in Company H, 179th O. V. I., (one year men) 1864, as private, and was mustered out at the close of the war.

     JOHN SELTZER enlisted in company H., 2d, Regiment O. V. I., (three months men) April 17th, 1861, as private; served four months and was honorably discharged.  He re-enlisted in September, 1861, in Company L., 1st W. Va., Volunteer Cavalry, as private. Rose to Second Lieutenant, October, 1861—to First Lieutenant, July 1862, and to Captain, Feb. 7th, 1863, but served till 1865, and was mustered out of service near Winchester, Va., in 1865.

     WILLIAM PHIPPS was born in Smithfield township, Jefferson county, in 1820.  When only eighteen years of age he commenced as a school teacher, and has made that profession the study of his life - chiefly officiating in public schools.  He married Mary, daughter of Dr. Nathan Ong, of Jefferson county, O., in 1841, and by her he had a family of eleven children - seven boys and four girls - two of the latter, only, being deceased.

     WILLIAM M. HELMS was born in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1835, and there learned the trade of a blacksmith, engaging in business in 1864.  He is now carrying on business on Jail alley, near 129 South Third street.  He was married to Nancy J., daughter of Robert Davison, of Steubenville, in 1857, and has a family of three children living.  Mr. H. enlisted in Company B., 157th regiment, O. N. G., served one hundred days and was honorably discharged at completion of service.

     THOS. B. McCONVILLE enlisted April 19th, 1861, in company I, 20th regiment, O. V. I., (three months men) as a private.  Re-enlisted Oct. 1, 1861, in company L, 1st West Virginia volunteer cavalry, as sergeant.  Re-enlisted again in the same regiment Dec. 23d, 1863, as sergeant major - was promoted to second lieutenant of company F, and served till July 17, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Wheeling, W. Va.

     JOHN STEWART enlisted in company H, 195th regiment O. V. I., as private, in 1865 - served one year, and was honorably discharged in December, 1865, at Columbus, O.

     D. W. MATLOCK enlisted in company G, 2d regiment O. V. I., Sept. 10, 1861, as private. He served with his regiment in the battle of Chickamauga, and was captured September, 1863, being held a prisoner eighteen months, and was parolled Mar. 24, 1865.  He was honorably mustered out at Columbus, Ohio.

     R. J. THOMPSON enlisted in Company A., 156th regiment O.  V. I., Aug. 9th, 1862, as private, and while serving with his regiment, was wounded in the battle of the Wilderness and at Cedar Creek, from the effects of which he lay in hospital several months.  He was honorably discharged at Cumberland, where he was mustered out May 15, 1865.

     ALEXANDER MICKLE was born in the parish of Londonshire, Ayre, Scotland, in 1804.  When twelve years of age he commenced to learn muslin weaving, and in 1824 went to carpet weaving.  Owing to the American tariff going into effect in 1828, a stagnation in the carpet trade set in.  Mr. M. and others then came to America and engaged in the manufacture of carpets at Enfield, Conn.  The company was known as the Thompsonville Carpet Manufacturing Company.  Mr. M. was engaged with this company two years, then bought his own machinery and come to Steubenville in 1831.  He at once settled down to business here, and may be truthfully set down as the pioneer carpet weaver in this city.  He is still living and actively engaged in the business on Seventh street.  He was married in 1833 to Marian, daughter of James Stark, of Jefferson county, Ohio, by whom he had a family of nine children, of whom three sons and one daughter are living.

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      GEORGE SWORDS enlisted in Company B., 157th regiment, O. N. G., as a private; served 4 months, and was mustered out of the service, at Columbus, Ohio.

     JOHN GOSSETT is a native of Germany and was born in 1824, coming to the United States with his parents in early life.  They first located in Columbiana county, and afterwards removed to Carroll county.  Mr. G. came to Steubenville in 1841, learned the carriage manufacture, and is carrying on the trade on South Third street, tie married Martha J., daughter of Chas. F. Laiblin, of Steubenville, in 1851, and has six sons and two daughters living.  He enlisted in Company 1., Third Regt. O. V, I., as private, in 1846; served fifteen months, and was honorably discharged, being mustered out of service at New Orleans in 1847.  He also enlisted in Company D., 157th Regt., O. N. G., as private in 1864, served five months and was mustered out at Columbus, O., the same year.  Mr. G. is also one of 73 men who enlisted at Steubenville during the Mexican war, of whom, we understand, there are only some half dozen yet living.

     W. A. JOHNSON was born in Jefferson county, in 1844; learned his trade in Steubenville, as a carpenter, and is at present engaged as a pattern maker at Sharp & Sons foundry and stove works.  He married Aseneth, daughter of Jacob Risher, of Steubenville, in 1862, and has a family of five children.  Mr. Johnson enlisted in Co. A., 98th Regt., Veteran Volunteer Infantry, in 1864, as private, and served one year honorably, being mustered out of service at Washington, D. C., at the close of the war.

     G. W. SISLER, of Blair county, Pa., born 1848; learned the business of upholsterer at Altoona, Pa., and there worked at his trade tor a number of years.  He has now charge of the upholstering department in the P., C. & St. L. car shops at Steubenville.  He married Alice, daughter of Wm. Uttey, of Altoona, in 1869, and has four children living, two sons and two daughters.

     CHARLES H. KROUSE was born in New York city, in 1841, and entered the United States Navy when seventeen years of age.  He learned the trade of ship carpenter while in the naval department, and proceeded to Bethlehem, Pa., in 1873, where he engaged as foreman in the blacksmith shop of P. B. Cunningham & Co., carriage manufacturers, and remained there two years.  He came to Steubenville in 1875, and entered the service of the P., O. & St. L. R. R. Co., serving them some four years.  He is now carrying on the blacksmithing business on the corner of Fifth and Adams streets.  Mr. Krouse is the patentee of the “cam platform spring,” which is generally conceded far superior to other makes at present in daily use.  He was married to Mary, daughter of Warner Brown, of Steubenville, O., in 1876, but has no family.

     C. DALLY was born in Washington county, Pa., in 1821, and brought up on a farm.  He, however, learned the shoemaking trade, and worked at it for a short time.  Next he engaged in farming, and studied for a veterinary surgeon, practicing in the latter profession in Jefferson, Belmont, Harrison and other counties for thirty-five years.  Was a short time veterinary in the army, and stationed at Clarksburg, W. Va.  Of Mr. Dally it may be truthfully said that he was not only a pioneer in his profession, but has proved himself a very successful one.  His first wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Louis Deter, of Jefferson county, O., to whom he was married in 1839, by whom he had three sons, all of whom are living.  His second wife was Mrs. Annie Heriman, of Illinois.  His third wife was Mrs. Mary A. Hoge, of Guernsey county, O., and his fourth wife Mrs. Martha G. Gibb, of Beaver county.

     N. TEAFF, born in Steubenville, in 1824, learned the business of gunsmith from his father, one of the earliest settlers here, and has made it the study of a lifetime, his shop being on the corner of Washington and Fifth streets.  He enlisted in Co. I, 3d Regt., O. V. I., in 1846, served fifteen months, and was mustered out at New Orleans.  He also joined Co. H., 1st Regt, O. V. I., in 1863; served eighteen months, and re-enlisted in Co. G, 18th Regt., O. V. I., served till the close of the war. and was honorably discharged at Columbus, O.  He married Ann E., daughter of Amos Osborn, of Hancock county, W Va., in 1848, and has a family of six sons and two daughters living.

     JAMES GREGG, a native of Ireland, born in 1837, came to America with his parents in 1841, and has resided in Steubenville ever since.  He has been engaged in the banking business for fifteen years, and is at present connected with the popular banking house of Sherrard, Mooney & Co., on the corner of Market & Fourth streets.  He married Mary J., daughter of James Stirling, of Steubenville, in 1860, and they have had a family of four children, two daughters and one son, all of whom are still living.

     SAMUEL JOHNSON. - Samuel, a son of Robert and Susan Johnson, nee Sunderland, was born in Westchester, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, in 1827.  Robert Johnson was an early settler of Harrison county.   For some years he was in the hotel business at Cadiz and Westchester, at which place he was also a justice of the peace, and also at Newcomerstown, at the time of the building of the canal.  He died in 1841, at the age of fifty-five.  His wife died in 1827, at the age of forty.  Samuel resided for many years with his maternal grandfather, John Sutherland, a Revolutionary soldier and one of the pioneers of Washington county, Pa., and who died Jan. 1, 1841, exactly one hundred years old.  He migrated to Smithfield, Jefferson county, in 1842, and remained a resident thereof till January, 1874, at which time he removed to Steubenville.  Farming has been his life work till of late years.  He has served eight years as deputy sheriff, also as Assistant United States Marshal in taking the census of four townships in 1870, and as sheriff from 1874 to 1878.  In 1864, he volunteered as a member of Company F, 157th O. V. I., in the one hundred days’ service.  He was married in 1860, to Mrs. Ann B. Berry, daughter of Samuel and Lydia Smith nee Lukins.  Their children are: William, Charles, Mary and Anna.

     RICHARD IRWIN. - He came to Steubenville in 1803, with his father, Robert Irwin, who died about fifty years of age, in a short time after his arrival.  The latter was born and reared in county Down, Ireland.  He was a carpet weaver and throughout his career followed that vocation.  His wife died in 1857, in her ninety-fourth year.

     JOHN IRWIN was born in Steubenville, in 1835.  He was a pattern maker by trade.  He served as United States storekeeper for four years.  In 1877, he was elected mayor of Steubenville, and has served one term.

     THOMAS B. SCOTT. - James Scott, the father of Thomas B., was a native of county Donegal, Ireland.  He was a school teacher by profession.  For fourteen years he was post-master of Nairne, Lair county, Ireland.  In 1819, with his family he removed to Washington county, Pa., and in the following year removed to Smithfield township, Jefferson county, Ohio.  He taught school for many years in Steubenville, Cross Creek and other townships.  He died in 1857 at the age of eighty-four.  He was twice married first to Ann McCullough, whom he married in Ireland, and who died in Ohio; and Second to Mary Beattie, who died in 1872 at the ago of eighty nine.  The children of both unions were—John, James, deceased, William, deceased, Margaret, deceased, and Thomas B., and Jane, (twins,) the latter of whom is deceased.  Our subject has been engaged in farming.  He was elected a member of the state House of Representatives in 1877, and served in two sessions when ho was re-elected in 1879.  He was married in 1856 to Mary Ellen, daughter of Joshua and Sarah Carter nee Evans.  She died in 1871 in the thirty-sixth year of her ago.  The children were: - Mary H., James F., Joshua C., Margaret Ellen, William Ira, and Sarah J., deceased.  In 1864 our subject enlisted in company F., 157th regiment, and served under Captain Smith for a term of four months.  As a public man he has gained special popularity with his constituency, while his honorable colleagues entertain such a lively interest in, and feeling of respect for, the member from Jefferson as is enjoyed by few members in the House.  Though of a reserved demeanor, when the Hon. “Tom” speaks - as in the case of his silencing the honorable member from Crawford, in 1869, - his peculiarly effective argumentative powers not only carry their weight but invariably bring down the house.

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     CAPTAIN WILLIAM STEWART. - A son of Robert and Rosanna Stewart, was born in Cumberland county. Pa., Feb. 18th, 1800.  In 1802 he was brought to Westmoreland county, Pa., by his father who located in the last named county, and remained for a number of years, but died in 1837.  His companion survived him until 1852, when her spirit took its flight.  William, our subject, received his education at Jefferson College.  Cannonsburg, Pa.  He engaged in mercantile business in Greensburg, Westmoreland county, Pa., in 1816, in company with a Mr. Fleming, and continued in that until 1821, and then changed his vocation to contracting with the Government to furnish the troops with provisions.  He continued in that business until in 1828.  He married Elizabeth McGlenn in 1826.  They settled in Pittsburgh, and while engaged in contracts with the Government, he kept commission houses in Cincinnati and New Orleans.  In 1826 he built a steamboat known as the “North Star,’’ for a man by the name of Bradley.  In 1828 he was one of the firm, known as Lothrop & Stewart, that built the third rolling mill in Pittsburgh, which they operated for five years, and then he sold his interest.  In 1833 he engaged in the importation of queensware in Pittsburgh, and followed the business for several years.  He was also engaged in building steamboats for different parties while in Pittsburgh, building in all about thirty boats.  In 1841 be moved his family to Steubenville.  He run as captain of boats on the Ohio, Mississippi, Red, Tennessee, Wabash and Illinois rivers, and made several trips across the Gulf of Mexico.  During the Mexican war he had five boats in the Government service.  His last trip on the river as an officer of a boat, was down the Mississippi and up Red River 100 miles, up Black River to the Washita, and up the Washita to Arkadelphia, there sold his boat and returned home to his family in Steubenville.  He then engaged in the oil business, drilling several wells and erecting two refineries; be continued in the oil business until 1874 and then retired.  He is the father of nine children, six of whom are still living -  three sons and three daughters.

     BARNARD SCULLION was born in 1828, in the county of Derry, Ireland.  He emigrated to America in 1844, landing in New York on the last day of May, and continued his journey westwardly, reaching Steubenville on the 14th day of June.  In 1845 he engaged as an apprentice in Means' foundry to learn the moulding trade.  He served his time and worked for said company and in same shop for twenty-eight years, and then retired from that business.  During the years of 1873-4-5 he dealt in real estate, and in 1876 he engaged in the mercantile business on Market street.  He married Annie, daughter of John Swan, in 1855.  Their union resulted in five children, three of whom are deceased; one son and one daughter are living.  His wife deceased in 1861.

     JOHN DATON, a soldier of the war of 1812, was born in the state of Pennsylvania.  He was a shoemaker by trade. He married Elizabeth Dunlap. Their union resulted in four children, John, William, Robert and Jerome D.  In 1820 he, with wife and above-named children, migrated to Jefferson county, and settled in Wayne township, where they followed farming, and remained in said township several years.  They next moved to Southfield township, and in 1828 to Smithfield town, and the remainder of his days John employed himself at his trade.  He, however, died in 1840, and his wife in 1850.  They were members of the Presbyterian church.

     JEROME D. DATON. - On the 13th day of May, 1818, in Lancaster county, Pa., the subject of our sketch, a son of John Daton, deceased, was born.  He came with his father to Jefferson county, Ohio, in 1820.  He served his time to saddle and harness making, under the instructions of Enoch Dye, and followed that business for fifteen years.  In 1849 he engaged in mercantile pursuits, in company with Thomas Chambers, in New Alexandria.  They continued in business until in 1863, when they moved to Steubenville and remained as partners in business until May, 1873.  Mr. Daton then purchased his partner’s interest, and continued in the business.  At present is engaged in a general grocery and produce business at 506 Market street, Steubenville, Ohio.  He was postmaster at New Alexandria for ten years, filled the office of justice of the peace in Cross Creek township for nine years and school director for seven years.  He married Miss Rebecca Porter, Aug. 29, 1839.  They settled in New Alexandria.  Their union resulted in three children, one son and two daughters.  His wife died Nov. 8th, 1874, being a member of the Methodist Church.  Our subject has also been a member of said church forty years.

     SAMUEL LINDSAY, wife and children, migrated from county Down, Ireland, to Pittsburgh, in the summer of 1827, removing in the following spring to Steubenville.  He was a nail. maker by trade, and about his first employment was the manufacture of spikes, etc., for some steamboats then building at Steubenville.  After the era of nail machines had commenced he engaged as an engineer in the Means flouring mill.  He died in 1867, at the age of eighty-seven; his wife, who was Ann Barnes, died in 1868, at the age of eighty-four.

     W. B. LINDSAY, son of the above, was born in county Down, Ireland, in 1819.  By trade he was a tin, copper and sheet iron worker, learning his vocation in the shop of Matthew Roberts.  From 1845 to 1862, he was engaged in this business in Brownsville, Fayette County, Pa.  In the latter year he returned to Steubenville and has since been engaged in the hardware business at No. 600 Market street.  He was married in 1852, to Elizabeth Eaken, daughter of William and Kate Eaken nee Wilhelm.  The latter died in 1867, at the age of forty-four.  The children are:  Kate, Anna and James S., deceased.

     JOHN H. LINDSAY, also a son of Samuel Lindsay, was born in county Down, Ireland, in 1827.  He served as an apprentice to W. B. in the latter's establishment in Brownsville, and from 1852, has been managing the business on his own account in Steubenville.  His location at No. 431 Market street, dates from March, 1878.  He has been twice married; first in 1848, to Susannah Fish, daughter of Joseph and Susannah Fish, of Brownsville, Pa., who died in 1852, at the age of twenty-seven, leaving two children - Anna and Joseph, deceased; and second, in 1858, Charlotte A. McCullough, daughter of James and Charlotte A. McCullough.  The children by the latter union are: Ida, John, Lizzie, Lena, Lottie and James and William, twins, both deceased.  Our subject has served as Infirmary director for twenty years and as trustee of Union cemetery nearly all the time since its incorporation.

     ENOCH G. McFEELY, business manager of the Steubenville daily and weekly Gazette, is the son of Gabriel McFeely, and nephew of Eli H. McFeely, elsewhere referred to at length.  Our subject’s mother’s maiden name was Elizabeth, daughter of Jabez and Asenith Smith, who came to Steubenville in 1809.  Enoch G. was born here, Sept. 1, 1828, being the oldest and only son of a family of seven.  Having received a plain education up to the age of eleven, he was given his choice either to graduate or apply himself to business, when thus early his juvenile instincts lead him in the paths of Josh Billings’ philosophy - “that one ounce of practical experience is worth a ton of theoretical teachings,’' - and he therefore preferred to “buckle on the armor of perseverance” and “hoe his own row.”  Engaging first with Orth & Wallace, for several years he applied himself to the woolen manufacture, but about 1850, forsook that occupation for a position in the dry goods and grocery store of Fisher & Jones.  But here a sudden difficulty arose - as the man under whom he had hoped to take instruction, suddenly quit the establishment.  But the youthful aspirant to mercantile distinction was not to be daunted, and by indomitable exertions, early and late - be soon championed the yard stick, the scissors, the scales and the scoop, the stock keeping, trading, buying and books - in fact, the running of the entire business.  Mr. Jones retiring from the business, Mr. Fisher moved the stock to the corner of Market and Fifth streets, in 1851, subsequently closing out to trade by boat along the river.  At this time Mr. R. H. Halsted came to the aid of our subject and we next find him opening a shoe store in the premises last vacated by Mr. Fisher, under the style of E. G. McFeely & Co.; but in January, 1852, Mr. Thomas Scott, of Pittsburgh, induced him to relinquish that enterprise for a branch store on Market street, under Mr. J. C. Huston.  Here be remained till 1855, when in company with his brother-in law, J. H. Fisher, they succeeded to the business under the style of “Fisher & McFeely.”  This year Mr. McFeely, inspired by past successes, branched into yet another enterprise, consummating a permanent contract, “for better or worse,” with Miss Rachel Carroll, of Aberdeen, Brown county, Ohio, sister of A. J. Carroll, superintendent of the Steubenville gas works, by whom, to the present, he has an interesting family of four children.  In 1857, he bought Mr. Fisher out, continuing the business, single-handed, down to 1873, when he was compelled to succumb to the pressure of the times, and in 1874, he engaged with C. N. Allen, of the Gazette, as business manager, and upon that gentleman transferring his business, in 1875, to Messrs. McFadden & Hunter, our subject continued with that

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firm down to the present, proving himself an efficient and zealous representative, whose general commercial experience, local acquaintance and well known executive capacity admirably adapts him to his present position and has unquestionably conduced to the success of that journal, which is a credit to its party and a compliment to the city.

     THE MOORE FAMILY

     The following is a brief sketch of the family to which Mr. John Moore belongs - the present auditor for Jefferson county.  His father, also named John Moore, was a son of Alexander and Rachel Moore, of Ireland, and was born in 1787, near Londonderry, Donegal county.  At the age of twenty-five, to-wit, in 1812, the old gentleman, father of our subject, came to Americaq leaving behind him six brothers and two sisters - Ezekiel, David, Moses, Robert, William, Alexander, Nancy and Martha.  His first wife was S. A. Donahey, of Ireland, born 1796, to whom he was married in 1818, in Lancaster county, Pa., by the Rev. W. Kerr, of the Presbyterian church, but she died Jan. 16, 1834.  He was married a second time to Mary Starr, born Feb. 10th, 1796, the Rev. Robinson, Presbyterian pastor, performing the ceremony in Jefferson county, Ohio, June 3, 1834, and she died Feb. 27, 1872 - the father of our subject becoming deceased Oct. 19, 1861.  The old gentleman was the father of four sons and four daughters, all born in Jefferson county.  Alexander, the oldest, became a fireman on the river, and died in 1850.  James married the daughter of Mr. John Maxwell, Wayne township, and has three children living out of a family of seven.  John was the next son (of whom we shall have to say), and George was the youngest - he still living on the old farmstead, in Salem township, Jefferson county, but is not married.  Our subject, John Moore, was born May 4. 1828, and received a partial collegiate education, becoming a teacher in county and district schools, was in Richmond six years.  After some twenty years experience in educational pursuits he moved on a farm for a year or so, when he was sent for to take charge of Unionport school, whither he went and served seven years.  During that time he was further elected county surveyor for Jefferson, to which he was elected for two terms.  But ere the second term was completed, so popular had he become that be was elected by a flattering majority in 1875 to the office of county auditor, and re-elected in 1877 for three years.  He is a most popular and efficient official, and remarkably attentive to his important duties.  He was married Sept. 2, 1856, to Sarah Jane, daughter of Mr. W. Wagner, of Salem township, born Oct. 22, 1838, by whom he has a family of two daughters and one son.  Mr. J. Moore is an elder in the Presbyterian church; has been a Master Mason for 22 years, is a Knight Templar, and has been for two years.  He is also a member of the Knights of Pythias, and associated with the “Temple of Honor,” a temperance organization, in which latter order Mrs. M. is equally interested.

     GEO. W. ALBAN is a native of Jefferson county, and was born in 1844.  His father was also named George, and was born in 1801, a farmer of this same county, and who died in 1867.  Our subject’s mother’s name was originally Nancy Cox, daughter of Joseph Cox, and a descendent of the Cox family so noted in pioneer history, but she recently died at the age of 98 years.  Our subject learned cigar making, after leaving the farm, and worked at it two years.  He then went into the flour and feed business with his brother Joseph, and they remained partners for some eight or nine years, but Joseph retired in 1870.  George then clerked for O. J. Russell for two years and a like term for R. E. Blinn, but in 1872 opened in the grocery and provision business on his own account, where he still continues to trade, on the corner of Market and Seventh streets.  He was married first in 1864, to Samantha, daughter of John Warden, of Island Creek township, but she died in 1865.  His second wife was a Mrs. Francis Griffith, nee Blinn, to whom he was married in 1872, but she also died in 1875.  In 1876, however, our subject married a third time, to Mrs. Mary V. Orr, nee Quimby, by whom he has one son, Ross P.

     JACOB HAMMOND, M. D., is a native of Jefferson county, O., and was born in 1808.  His father, James Hammond, was a native of Adams county, Pa., and died about 1845, while his mother, nee Latschaw, was of German descent. Our subject’s father moved into Jefferson county in 1806, and located in Smithfield township.  Jacob Hammond having received a plain education, attended lectures at the University of Philadelphia in 1830-1, and concluded his studies at Berkshire Medical College, Pittsfield, Mass., where he graduated, and commenced practice afterwards in Steubenville, Jefferson county, in 1831.  He also went to Anapolis (now Salem) and was there twenty-five years, during which period he gave frequent public lectures on theology, besides wielding an able pen in the interest of the medical press.  He returned to Steubenville in 1862, and has remained there ever since.  He was married in 1862 to Mary Ann, daughter of Wm. Sharon, Esq., and sister to the Hon Wm. Sharon, at present of St. Francisco, but member of the United States Senate from the State of Nevada.  They have, however, no family.  The doctor has long conducted, as be does still, a very successful practice in Jefferson county, having been four years physician to the railroad company, though he at present only conducts what may be termed a quiet yet influential practice.

     HENRY H. McFADDEN, the present popular and able editor of the Steubenville Daily arid Weekly Gazette, is a native of Harrison county, Ohio; born 1848, being son of Mr. H. S. McFadden, for over forty years a successful and influential merchant of Cadiz, his mother, nee I. Poor, being a native of York county, Pa.  Our subject received only a plain education, when he entered into commercial pursuits under his venerable father, with whom he remained some eleven years, nine of which as a partner.  In 1875, however, he formed a partnership with Mr. W. H. Hunter, also of Cadiz, and they succeeded to the proprietory of the journals above referred to, which they still continue with so much ability and success.  Mr. McFadden was first married in 1872 to Miss Sarah O. Craig, of Washington, Guernsey county, O., but who died Sept. 7th of the same year.  He married a second time, Feb. 16th, 1876, to Emma A., daughter of Mr. John Beall, druggist, of Cadiz, (one of the oldest business men in Harrison county).  They have one son, Charles Paul.

     CAPT. GEO. O'NEIL is a native of Steubenville, and son of the late Capt. Abner O’Neil, who came to Steubenville about 1816.  Our subject has been steamboating for some twenty-five years; is considered one of the most skillful pilots on the river, and about two years ago became master.  He is at present the popular captain of the Steubenville and Wheeling steamboat “Abner O’Neil,” and married to Miss Bell Flack, daughter of Mr. John Flack, steamboat agent, of Pittsburgh.

     JAMES TURNBULL is among Steubenville’s oldest living inhabitants and has ever taken an active and prominent part in the city’s interest.  He was born in 1795, served his time to the book binding and stationery business with Messrs. Cramer, Spear & Bichbaum, of Pittsburgh, and came to Steubenville in 1816.  Here he opened the first bookbinding and stationery store, which he ran many years, but ultimately sold out to Frazier & Bell, who were afterwards succeeded by Mr. Leighton, and he by Mr. Hamilton, who still runs the business with much success.  Mr. Turnbull sold out about 1848, and ran a private bindery at his house for some four years.  He was for awhile a director of the early organization now resolved into the P., C. & St. L. Ry. Co., county treasurer for two years, served four years in the council, has been a director in the Farmer’s and Mechanic’s Bank and Jefferson National Bank, school director, and in fact, prominent in most local positions and popular enterprises.  He still lives, though a retired life, and appears quite interested in most matters of local advantage.  He was first married to Caroline, daughter of the late John Galbraith, one of Steubenville’s very first tradesmen.  Secondly to Sarah, daughter of the late Colonel Todd, also a very early resident here, and thirdly to Margaret Jane, daughter of Mr. McDevitt, of Steubenville.  Our subject has only two daughters still living; Elizabeth, now Mrs. James F. Sarrat, jeweler in Steubenville, and Caroline, who is still single. We may add that Mr. Turnbull was in Pittsburgh during the war of 1812, and joined the military, while in 1833-4, he was the first in Steubenville to attempt the manufacture of gas, at which time he lit up his store with that laminating power produced by an original method of manufacture devised by himself.

     CAPT. NATHAN WINTRINGER, at present of Steubenville, is a native of Virginia and was born in 1830, being a son of Nathan Wintringer, at one time a boat builder in Steubenville, but who died about 1853.  The old gentleman was one of Steubenville’s oldest residents, and during the war of 1812, served as lieutenant in the military company that went from this city.  Our subject - Captain Nathan - having received a plain education, early became a machinist, but resorted to the bosom of “Father Neptune” in 1852, as engineer on the steamer “Eclipse," under Capt. Sturgeon.  He has remained on the water ever since and attained exceptional popularity for his nautical ability, succeeding to a captaincy some two years ago.  He is at present master of the “C. W. Bachelor,” and runs between Wheeling and Pittsburgh.  He was married in 1860, to Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. William B. Donaldson, then a farmer and stock dealer in Jefferson county, by whom he has two sons and one daughter - Harry, George and Margaret.

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     JOHN C. BROWN, the present treasurer for Jefferson county, was born in 1844, and is the son of George Brown, also of this county, though his grandfather was a Marylander.  In 1862, he joined Company E., 52d regiment, O. V. I., in the three years’ service, but unfortunately losing a limb he returned home before the expiration of his full service.  In 1867, he was elected county treasurer, and re-elected in 1869, 1874 and 1876, his term of office expiring September, 1880.  He was married in 1868, to Josephine, daughter of Josiah Glover, of Smithfield township.  Mr. Brown is one of the most efficient and popular county officers in old Jefferson.

     DAVID CABLE, one of Steubenville’s oldest inhabitants, is a son of Jacob Cable, who came here from Lafayette county, Pa., where our subject was born in 1797.  The old man, who was a millwright, died in 1833 or 34 - his wife nee Mary Walker, of Pennsylvania, departing this life in 1816.  Our subject was brought up on a farm; in 1818 assisted in building the first market house; worked at the construction of the wharf about 1821-2, and contracted on the new jail and county offices in 1834.  He was treasurer for the county from ’49 to ’53 - was in the council three or four years; has also filled the office of street commissioner, and drifted into the lumber business in 1828, which he continued down to 1860, but he has lived a comparatively retired life since 1862.  He was married to Rosanna King, daughter of William King, of Ireland, in 1826, and she still lives in her 82d year, to comfort our venerable subject.  They have had a family of four sons and two daughters; one of the sons, William, is a doctor practicing in Pittsburgh, and another living at home is an engineer, while one of the daughters has become Mrs. John T. Phillips, of Now Castle, Pa.

     JOSEPH W. JORDAN, a native of Wheeling, W. Va., was born in 1849, and is a son of Charles C. Jordan, who came to this country from Ireland about 1832.  His mother originally was named Rebecca, daughter of Joseph Welsh, a native of Pennsylvania.  Our subject is the second son of a family of five children, three of whom still live.  Our subject having taken a commercial education entered into the study of law under Col. McCauslan, of Steubenville.  In 1875 he was elected Probate Judge for Jefferson county, and re-elected in the fall of 1878 - his term expiring in 1882.

     CAPT. W. SPENCER is a native of Bradford, Pa., and was born in 1794.  He is the son of Robert Spencer, at one time a prominent hotel proprietor in Pittsburgh, and one of a company who ran the first four- horse stage over the mountains from Chambersburg to Pittsburgh, through Bedford, Somerset and Greensburg and died between 1836-8 aged about eighty years.  Our subject came to Steubenville in 1815 and opened a retail general store, and continued it on Third street down to 1836  At this time he entered the “Farmers’ and Mechanics’ Bank” as teller, and remained as such until its charter expired in 1843.  After an interval of some eighteen months, to wit: in Oct. 1845, he became teller of the “Jefferson Branch of the State Bank of Ohio,” and remained as such down to 1851.  He then became cashier, holding that office until the expiration of the bank’s charter in 1865-6, and afterwards succeeded as cashier to the “Jefferson National Bank,” remaining as such until the first of April five years ago, when be retired into private life.  From 1822 to 1836 he held the commission of captain to the Steubenville Guards, and was town treasurer from 1835 to 1840-41.  He was married in Dec., 1818, to Sarah, daughter of Isaac Jenkinson, then hotel proprietor in Steubenville, who came here about 1805 - kept the old “Red Lion” - and died between 1838 and 1843.  They had one daughter, who married Dr. Sheets, then residing here, but who died between 1850-60.  Mrs. Spencer, our subject’s wife, died some fifteen or sixteen years ago, and the captain at present resides on Washington street, with his sister officiating as housekeeper for him.

     JAMES GALLAGHER, at present president of the Jefferson National Bank, is a native of Philadelphia, and was born Oct. 31, 1806.  His father was Charles, born about 1780, in the north of Ireland, and who came to America about 1803-4, located at Germantown and died in 1811.  Our subject’s mother’s maiden name was Ellen Maloy, also of Ireland, and the old couple were married near Londonderry.  They had a family of three children - Catharine, born in 1803-4, died in 1810.  Our subject was the second child.  And Ellen, born in 1808, died in 1824.  James received a plain education, and came to Steubenville with his mother, who was then a widow, in Sept., 1816.  Here he learned the saddle and harness making business with Joseph Walker, a pioneer settler in this section, who died in 1836.  He worked at his trade fourteen years, and in 1830 commenced in the New Orleans river trade, in flat-boating, and remained in it nearly eight years.  He was married in Sept, 1836, to Rachel, second daughter of Ambrose Shaw, then a builder and contractor in Steubenville; a very early pioneer hero who died in 1855.  Mrs. Gallagher’s mother was the oldest daughter of Benjamin and Patience Doyle, also very early pioneers.  The Mrs. Gallagher died on the 20th of May, 1854, leaving four children - three boys and one girl.  In 1839 our subject, meeting with a very serious accident, retired to private life, but in 1841 was elected justice of Steubenville township, and re-elected in 1844.  He also became a director in the “Farmers’ and Mechanic’s Bank of Steubenville,” in 1839, and was re-elected a director of the Jefferson Branch of the State Bank of Ohio in 1845-6, and continued in that capacity until the charter of the bank expired in 1865-6, then he was elected a director in Jefferson National Bank, and in 1870 he became president, which position he still fills with so much ability, and we may add, universal satisfaction.  Of his family, already referred to, the oldest son was born Oct. 6th, 1839, and died single the 26th of June, 1869.  The second son, Charles, called after his grandfather, was born the 1st of January, 1845, and has filled his present position as cashier to the “Jefferson National Bank” since 1874; married Johanna, daughter of ’Squire Daton, of this county, though he was a native of Pennsylvania, in September, 1871, and has an interesting family of two sons.  The third son in our subject’s family was born Dec. 5, 1851, and is in practice as an attorney in Cincinnati, being single, while the only daughter, Rachel Shaw Gallagher, born on the 19th of May, 1854, still remains single and keeps house for her estimable partner on North Fourth St.  Nor should we omit an expression of our obligations to Mr. Gallagher, Sr., for many items of interest to this work, as equally for the service of his reliable recollections of by-gone days in revising local data collected during our tedious labors.

     WILLIAM H. HUNTER, of the firm of Messrs McFadden & Hunter, proprietors of the Steubenville Gazette, is a native of Cadiz, Harrison county, O., and was born in 1852.  He is the son of Joseph R. Hunter, a native of Westmoreland county, Pa., born in 1804, of English descent.  His mother’s maiden name was Letitia McFadden, a native of Ireland, who had a family of four sons and three daughters.  The oldest of them is the Rev. C. J. Hunter, Presbyterian minister at Dennison: the second is S. M. Hunter, judge of the Common Pleas Court, Newark; the third is our subject, and the fourth is at present editor on the Cadiz Sentinel. The oldest is deceased; the second is wife to Mr. W. H. Arnold, proprietor of the Cadiz Sentinel, and the third sister the wife of Mr. H. A. Hammond, merchant of Cadiz.  Our subject took a plain commercial education, and perfected his studies while requiring the art of newspaper and job printing on the Cadiz paper, latterly holding a prominent position in the literary department on said paper.  In 1875 he associated with Mr. H. H. McFadden, and the two, as above stated, took the. Steubenville Gazette, which they have certainly matured into a daily publication of exceeding merit.  Mr. Hunter was married June 6, 1876, to Harriet Rosamond, daughter of Mr. W. C. Brown, a merchant of Cadiz, and resides at “Riverside,” North Fourth street, in this city, in a magnificent residence, of which we give an illustration elsewhere in this work.

'River Side,' Residence of W. H. Hunter, North 4th St., Steubenville, Ohio.

     JACOB HULL, recorder for Jefferson county, is a native of Steubenville, and was born in 1812, being the son of George Hull, of New Jersey, a hatter of this city, who came here in 1805, when he and one Andrews were the pioneers in that line of business in the county.  Our subject’s mother’s maiden name was Owens, of Columbiana county, formerly of New Jersey.  Our subject, Jacob, had acquired only a plain education, when he also learned the hat trade with his father, and worked at it about four years.  He then went to Kentucky, and clerked for some seven years, but returned to Steubenville and continued to clerk for various firms.  In 1877 he was elected recorder, and still retains that office, his term expiring in 1880.  He was married in 1849 to Margaret

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daughter of the late Samuel Harman, of Jefferson county, by whom he has become the father of a family of eight children.  As a county official, Mr. Hull is admirably fitted, being exceedingly attentive and prompt in the execution of his duties, accurate and withal ever prompt to extend courtesies in his official capacity.

     ROSEMAN GARDNER is a native of Belmont county, born 1844, and is the son of George Gardner, farmer, whose family was originally from Loudon county, Va.  Roseman early took a clerkship in Belmont county, but in April, 1861, entered Co. K., 17th O. V. I,, under Capt. Tolman, for three months service, and on his return home re-enlisted for three years in Co K., 15th O. V. I., under Capt. F. Askew, serving a year and a half, when he was discharged.  He came to Steubenville in 1863, and engaged with Hanna & St. Clair until 1864, when he again enlisted under Captain J. Glazener, of Co. K., 179th O. V. I., soon afterwards being promoted to sergeant-major of the regiment.  He served one year in Tennessee and Kentucky, and was mustered out of service at the end of the war, in 1865.  Proceeding to Pittsburgh he engaged with F. H. Eaton as cashier in a trimming house, and the following spring engaged on the then Sunday Leader as solicitor and reporter, which position he filled for one and a half years.   From that he entered the music house of Hoffman & Hane, of Pittsburgh, and remained till the fall of 1872, when he came to Steubenville and opened out in the same line of business and still continues it.  Mr. G. has an excellent store at 404 Market street, and also possessing the advantages of musical ability, a capital voice and abundant musical enthusiasm, to him may be largely ascribed the local cultivation and popular taste for good music.  He was married in 1869, to Sada, daughter of the late Mr. H. Brown, Sr., grocer of this city, by whom he has one daughter.

     JAMES A. McCURDY, attorney-at-law, is a native of Salem, Columbiana county, Ohio; born in 1839, and son of Daniel McCurdy, of that place, but now of Steubenville.  Our subject early read law with Mr. R. C. Hoffman, of Steubenville, and was admitted to the bar in 1862.  He has been in practice here to the present, and filled the position of city solicitor from 1869 to 1875.  He at present enjoys a wide popularity as an attorney, and is director and solicitor for the Miner’s and Mechanic’s Bank of Steubenville.  He married Marietta, daughter of Samuel S. Spencer, of Parkersburg, W. Va., by whom he has an interesting family of four children - Mary S., born in 1869; Samuel, born in 1871; Daniel, born in 1873; and George A., born in 1875.  Our subject’s office is located over Sherrard, Mooney & Co.’s bank, Market street, corner of Fourth.

     JOSEPH M. RICKEY is the eldest son of John Rickey; born in Cross creek township, where his grandfather settled in 1800, having emigrated from Center county, Pa.  Joseph M. was brought up to farming, having received a fair education and instruction in the higher branches of mathematics.  He qualified himself when quite young for a land surveyor and civil engineer, in which profession he has attained a very creditable degree of eminence, serving a number of terms as county surveyor and city civil engineer for Steubenville.  He is now one of three state commissioners, with a like commission of Pennsylvania, for surveying the boundary lines of the two states.  In his younger days, Mr. Rickey was successful also in various other pursuits, including school teaching, flat-boating, merchandising, and dealing in real estate, and has ever been prominent in public enterprises, politics, and filling local offices.  His father, John Rickey, was a soldier in the war of 1812, and died in 1875, at the age of eighty-nine.  His father our subject’s grandfather - also John Rickey, was a captain, serving in the Continental French war, under General Abbercombie, and afterwards in the war of the Revolution.  He was finally killed, in his 98th year, by being thrown from a spirited horse.  He was an old Royal Arch Mason and a Presbyterian - being one of the three first elders of the organization of the old First Presbyterian church in Steubenville.

     SAMUEL S. CULBERTSON is a native of Steubenville, born Jan-. 28, 1852; and is a son of Benjamin M. Culbertson, born Nov, 15, 1824, at Wellsburg, W. Va.  The old gentleman was a shoemaker, and evidenced his patriotism by serving his country in the late war.  His wife’s maiden name was Catherine Snowden, of Connellsville, Pa , born Dec. 7, 1822; died Mar. 25, 1876.  The old gentleman was married a second time recently, to Hattie Mourman, of West Missouri, where he now resides.  Our subject - Samuel S. Culbertson - received only a plain education; early obtained an insight to his father’s craft, but in 1867, applied himself to learning “the art preservative,” at the Examiner office, Washington, Pa, ultimately engaging with Mr. C. N. Allen, in August, 1871, who was then proprietor of the Steubenville Gazette.  His ability in the craft and reliable business acquirements soon raised him to the foremanship of the office, which position he has continued to fill with unlimited satisfaction to the present.  He has a brother Joseph living in Steubenville and a sister, Lillian M., residing in St. Louis, both single.  Our subject married Mary M., daughter of Henry Miller, of Washington county, Pennsylvania.  She was born Dec. 8th, 1853, is a niece of the Hon. William Montgomery, and received a high school education in Washington.  They have one child, Minnie May, born in Steubenville, May 21st, 1874.  Our subject is Post Officer in the “Temple of Honor,” and member of the Grand Temple of the state - is guide in the “Royal Arcaneum,” “Stanton Council, 343” - an improved insurance and beneficial order, while he and his wife are consistent members of the M. E. Church.

     VIRGINIUS W. BERRY, second son of James and Elizabeth Berry, of Pennsylvania, was born in Philadelphia, Mar. 12, 1836, his grandfathers, on both father’s and mother’s side - respectively John Berry and Adam Read, both being veterans in the Revolutionary war.  Our subject, in 1848, went to the book binding business with Messrs. Miller & Bullock, of Philadelphia, served them eight years, and then spent two years in the New England states.  In 1867 he came to Steubenville, engaged with W. R. Allison, and remained with him until Oct. 1, 1873, when he entered upon business for himself, in company with Mr. Campbell, but in February, 1876, he engaged with Mr. P. B. Conn, as foreman of the Herald job department, and still efficiently holds that position.  He was married on the 27th of March, 1866, to Jennie G., daughter of Mr. James Kelley,  born June 9, 1846 - Mr. Kelley, we should add. is one of the leading Irish poplin manufacturers, in Dublin.  They have a family of five children, born as follows: James W., Apr. 9, 1867; Jessie P., 24th of January, 1869; Joseph H., Sept. 10, 1872; Robert C., 20th of January; 1874, and John R. R., 2d of February, 1879.

     ALEXANDER SMITH, sheriff of Jefferson county, is a native of Cross creek township, born 1834, and son of Alexander Smith, a native of Fayette county, Pa., born in 1790.  His father was of German descent, and his mother's family from Maryland.  Our subject's father laid out the present town of New Alexander in 1832, and ran a hotel and store there for many years.  He settled in the county about 1812 - was the first to introduce horse mills in this section - and died Feb. 14, 1878.  Our subject first employed himself in agricultural pursuits and dealing in stock, at which he proved very successful.  In the fall of 1877, however, he was elected sheriff, and was re-elected in October, 1879, his term of office expiring in 1882.  He first married, in 1855, Ann, daughter of Robert McIntyre, farmer, of Cross Creek township, and by her has issue - two sons and a daughter living.  She died January, 1873.  He married a second time in 1879, to Miss Harriet Hall, widow, nee Frances Conn of New Alexandria, and resides adjacent to the court house.  In his first year of holding office.  Mr. Smith conducted more judicial sales than ever before known in the county within one year, among them being one amounting to $60,000, and another to $72,000.

     THOMAS BENTON COULTER, county clerk for Jefferson, was born on the 25th of June, 1843, and is a son of Robert Coulter, a native of Pennsylvania, who was born in 1805.  His father was of Scotch descent, and his mother’s family - her maiden name being Jane Carson, born 1812 - coming from the north of Ireland.  The old gentleman died in 1851.  Our subject early became a school teacher, and from the age of sixteen to twenty-four taught regularly, with marked success.  During 1864 he joined the 157th National Guards, under Col. G. W. McCook, as first lieutenant, and served one hundred days.  After that, for some six years, ho became a telegraph operator at Bloomfield station, on the “Pan Handle road.”  He was nominated by the Republican party in 1875 to the office lie now holds, and elected by a majority of 1,148 votes - while in 1878 he was re-elected by a majority of 1,433 votes, and the term of his office expires in 1882.  He was married in 1867 to Mary J., daughter of Mr. Craig B. Templeton, of Washington, Pa., by whom he has an interesting daughter named Cora.  Mr. Coulter’s fine residence is at River View, north Fourth street, and elsewhere in this work will bo observed a faithful sketch of it.

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     THE MOONEY FAMILY - Johnson Mooney, of Steubenville, Ohio, was born in 1811, and is a son of the late John Mooney, a Marylander - though the family is of Irish descent.  Johnson married Elizabeth H., daughter of John Murphy, of Hampshire county, Virginia - also originally from Ireland.  Their nuptials were celebrated in 1835, and they had issue, three sons - William H., born Feb. 24, 1838; John M., born May 23, 1846; and Frank Moore Mooney, born Feb. 7, 1853.  Johnson Mooney moved with his parents into Jefferson county, when only ten years of age, took a plain education, and first engaged in agricultural pursuits with his parents.  In 1826 he went to learn the tailoring business with Mr. Andrew Harper, of Richmond, this county, and worked as a journeyman for some two years, when he proceeded to the mouth of Big Yellow creek, and there carried on the same business on his own account for a like period - also keeping a popular hotel at the same place for eight years.  He was then elected to the office of county coroner, and filled it two terms.  In the fall of 1847 he was elected county treasurer, to which he was re-elected, and served as such for four years.  He moved to Steubenville in the spring of 1848.  After 1852 he interested himself warmly in the establishment of the river division of C. & P. R. R., from which he went on to the old Steubenville and Indiana railroad as a conductor, and held that position for twenty-four years.  Of his sons, William H. has become a partner in the important banking house of Sherrard Mooney & Co., Steubenville.  He was married in 1861 to Amanda W., daughter of Robert and Mary Crawford, of Steubenville.  Robert Crawford was born in 1795, and died in 1869, aged 74 years.  William H. Mooney’s family consists of Robert Johnson Mooney, born in 1863; William McK. Mooney, born in 1865; Henry G., born in 1867; Maud C., born in 1871; Nellie W., born in 1875, and Mabel, born in 1877.  John M. Mooney is in the milling business at Rush Run.  He married Catherine, daughter of William and Catherine Perkins, of Pennsylvania, in February, 1869, and they have a family of three, Elizabeth H., born in 1871; Jesse A., born in 1873, and Kate I., born in 1874.  Frank M. Mooney is in the feed, flour and grain business on Market street, Steubenville, being assisted by his venerable and worthy father.  He was married May 11, 1875, to Mary J., daughter of James and Sophia Lindsey, of Steubenville, and they have but one child, Blanche S. Mooney, born on Apr. 24, 1876.

     THE LATE COL. GEORGE W. McCOOK AND THE DISTINGUISHED McCOOK FAMILY. - Few families have attained the distinction and universal respect in this community with that of the McCook’s - a family name at all times identified with profound respect, admiration and the remembrance of agreeable associations by every old resident in Jefferson county.  To do justice to so distinguished a family, a complete biography of it would require a volume in itself, hence we prefer, in the absence of more complete data respecting the family to reprint the following exhaustive and highly interesting obituary from the Steubenville Weekly Herald, of Jan. 4th, 1878, as setting forth much valuable information well worthy of preservation; it having been published on the arrival of the news announcing the death of the gallant Col. George W. McCook: “On the evening of Dec. 28th, 1877, our city was shocked by a dispatch from New York announcing the sudden death of Col. George W. McCook, for many years one of our most honored, influential and useful citizens.  It was immediately felt that one of the strongmen ot our midst had fallen, and profound regret was the universal expression of the hour.  Not alone with the rich in whose circle the Colonel has long been a distinguished and prominent figure, but even greater among the poor, whose needy hearthstones had so often been made cheerful by his munificence, one common voice of heartfelt sorrow prevailed.  It is the one topic of the day whose sad intelligence has cast a gloom upon the community.  Col. George W. McCook was born in Canonsburg, Washington county, Pennsylvania, on July 21st, 1822, being at the time of his death in the 56th year of his age.  His father, Daniel McCook, then removed to Columbiana county, this state, where the family remained until George was nine years of age, removing them to Carrolton.  During Col. McCook’s residence here he attended his collegiate course at Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio.  While there he determined upon the profession of law, and completing his classical studies, entered the law office of Edwin M. Stanton, in this city - afterwards the great war minister of history.  The Colonel here gave close attention not alone to his professional studies but also to the politics of the day and was an active and able young Democrat of the period.  Admissions to the bar at that time, being effected through examinations by the Supreme Court, and it then being in session in Trumbull county, young McCook went there, passed a successful examination and returning to Jefferson became associated with Edwin M. Stanton as his partner, about the year 1843.  The first case in which the two appeared in court as a law firm was that of Lydia Kain vs. John Kain, a suit in divorce, under date of Feb. 6th, 1844.  From his admission to the bar, began to date Col. McCook’s prominent life, both in the military and civil history of our country.  His military career, began with the outbreak of the Mexican war.  Immediately after President Polk’s proclamation, declaring the existence of hostilities between the United States and Mexico, and calling for troops under the enactment of Congress authorizing a call for volunteers not exceeding 50,000, a company was raised in this city called the Steubenville Greys.  This company organized about the middle of May, 1846, by electing George W. McCook, Esq., then a rising young lawyer, as Captain.  On the 27th day of May the company left this city for Camp Washington at Cincinnati, being officered by Col. McCook as Captain, John Kell as First Lieutenant, afterward Col. John Kell, of the 2nd Ohio, in the late war, and Emanuel Hooker as Second Lieutenant.  At Cincinnati the 3rd Ohio Infantry was organized, of which the Steubenville Greys constituted company I.  In the organization Samuel R. Curtis was made Colonel and George W. McCook promoted from his position as Captain of Company I, to the Lieutenant Colonelcy of the Regiment.  He continued in this office until about six weeks before the return of the Regiment home, when Col. Curtis being made Inspector General, Col. McCook was given command of the Regiment. On the 3d day of July, 1846, the regiment left Cincinnati for New Orleans, where they remained three days, and then sailed over the gulf and landed in Texas, and then moving up the Rio Grande, lay a few days at Camargo, and from thence to Fort Brown.  Leaving Fort Brown after a couple of week’s rest they crossed to the Mexican side, and camped at what was called Camp McCook, where they remained about six months.  The regiment then went to Matamoras, Permarga, where Lieutenant Col. McCook, with three companies, was detailed to go forward and relieve Col. Morgan’s regiment at the extreme front, and it was on this expedition that under orders from Curtis, he made one of the hardest forced marches of that war.  Shortly after this the regiment was at Monterey, and from there they moved to Buena Vista, where they remained until their term of enlistment had expired.  They returned to New Orleans, where they were mustered out, returning home again on July 3d, 1847.  Returning to this city, Col. McCook continued his law partnership with Edwin M. Stanton, and engaged actively in the practice of his profession with eminent success.  The firm represented some of the most important and lucrative legal controversies of the times, and the ability with which they were conducted, rapidly increased this line of practice.  In 1852 he was elected Supreme Court Reporter of this State, preparing the volumes of that year bearing his name, of the Ohio State Reports.  In the fall of 1853 Col. McCook was elected Attorney General of the State of Ohio on the Democratic ticket, defeating by a large majority both William H. Gibson, the Whig candidate and Cooper K. Watson, the Free Soil candidate.  Col. McCook was a candidate for this office the second time in 1855 but the growing and accumulated strength of the Republican party that year was too much for him and he was defeated by their candidate, F. D. Kimball.  During a portion of his law practice, he was prominently identified with the Steubenville and Indiana railway company, as its attorney.  This road was organized under the act of 1849, and about 1851 active measures were taken to construct the road to Newark, Ohio.  Mr. Daniel Kilgore, of Cadiz, Ohio, was elected its President, and continued as such until succeeded by James Means, at whose death T. L. Jewett, then vice president, became president.  Col. McCook was attorney for the railroad company from its organization up to about 1857, when it became apparent that the road would have to be foreclosed.  It having then passed into the hands of a receiver, Judge Jewett, Colonel McCook was employed by the first mortgage bondholders, who principally lived in Europe, to act for them in the foreclosure of these first mortgages; suits were brought, and pending the litigation growing out of them, propositions were made for the settlement of the question.  To that end the Colonel visited Europe in 1859 or 1860 for the purpose of consulting these bondholders.  A plan of adjustment between the bondholders and the railroad company was effected through the instrumentality of Colonel McCook, by which the bondholders agreed to scale their interest and accept anew first mortgage bond.  This adjustment was made as agreed upon, and new bonds were issued to take up the old ones, and the floating debt amounting to

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three million dollars.  At the outbreak of our civil war, Col. Geo. W. McCook was appointed by Governor Dennison as one of four officers in the state to take charge of the interests of Ohio troops.  Shortly after this he was in command of the 126th Ohio infantry, taking charge of that regiment until Col. Smith, its commissioned colonel, was released from the regular army to assume his position in the volunteer service.  During this time he was also chairman of the County Military Association, rendering most effective and loyal service to the cause of his country.  In 1863 he was the colonel of the 39th Ohio National Guard, and in 1864, when the regiment was called into the United States service as the 157th Ohio infantry, he was its commander.  This regiment went from here to Camp Chase, where, after being furnished with arms and accoutrements, it was ordered to Baltimore, Md.  Shortly after arrival there it marched to the Belay House, and from there was ordered in June to Fort Delaware, where the remainder of its term of service was spent in guard duty, having ten thousand rebel officers and prisoners under custody.  They were mustered out in September, 1864, and with them the Colonel returned home.
     Col. McCook was always specially active in both state and national politics.   He was one of the conceded leaders of the Democratic party of the West, and ably championed its cause in some of its fiercest conflicts.  He was almost constantly for twenty years the chairman of the Ohio democratic delegations to their national conventions.  In the Cincinnati convention of 1856, he nominated John C. Breckenridge for vice president on the ticket with James Buchanan for President.  In the New York convention in 1868 he nominated Horatio Seymour as the democratic candidate for president.  At this time the colonel was offered the position of vice-president on the ticket with Mr. Seymour, but absolutely declined, refusing, to do anything which he thought would imperil the chances of Mr. Pendleton as the next democratic candidate for President.  In 1860 he was chairman of the Ohio delegation in the democratic convention at Charleston.  There they failed to make a nomination, and adjourned to meet at Baltimore, where they failed to agree, and the southern democracy nominated Breckenridge and the northern branch Mr. Douglas, which latter nomination had been urged with great ability and zeal by Col. McCook in both the Charleston and Baltimore conventions.  In 1871 he was nominated for Governor of Ohio - defeating in the convention Gen. Thomas Ewing and Durban Ward, aspirants for that office.  During the beat of this exciting canvass, Col. McCook was compelled to withdraw from active participation in it, by reason of affliction similar to that which resulted in his death.  Be was defeated at the polls by Gen. Edward F. Noyes, now the American minister to France.  Upon Col. McCook’s recovery from his prostration at this time, he was ordered by Dr. Van Buren, of New York, to abstain from further active service, and has since spent his time either at his home in Steubenville, in New York city, or in foreign travel.  In 1875 he was appointed by Governor Allen, in connection with Rufus P. Ranny, Edward F. Noyes, Barnabus Burns, Ralph P. Buckland and F. W. Green, on the Ohio board of managers of the Centennial commission.  Last July he returned to Europe again in search of health and to visit his son Robert and daughter Hettie, at school in Paris, and on his return appeared, much to the satisfaction of his many friends, to be in rejuvenated health.  He spent a few days in our city, and went with his aged mother to New York to visit his sister, Mrs. Curtis, wife of Dr. Curtis, an eminent physician of that city.  On Christmas day, while dining with his cousin Hon. Anson G. McCook, M. C., of New York, he was seized with an attack of vertigo, which was so serious as to confine him to his bed.  From this paralysis began to develop with the results announced.  Although losing the power of speech and motion, he remained conscious until near his death.  He was attended by Drs. Marcon, Delafield, Curtis and Ensign.
     Col. McCook's father was Major Daniel McCook, paymaster in the United States army, who was killed at Buffington Island during the Morgan raid in 1863.  George was the second son, the eldest being Latimer, who died some five years ago in the west.  The next brother is Gen. Alexander McDowell McCook, senior aid de camp of Gen. Sherman’s staff, and who arrived in the city this morning to attend his brother’s funeral.  The next brother was the lamented Gen. Robert McCook, who was assasinated by rebels in Tennessee in 1863.  The fifth brother was Gen. Daniel McCook, who fell, far to the front, with his face to the toe, in the terrible assault at Kenesaw Mountain, July 18, 1864.  The sixth brother was Gen. Ed. McCook, who was assaulted by Wintermute in Yankton, Dacotah.  The seventh was Charley McCook, killed at the first battle of Bull’s Run.  The eighth is Capt. John J. McCook, a well known attorney of New York city.  There are two sisters still living, Mrs. Mary Baldwin, of this city, and Mrs. Dr. Curtis, of New York.  Col. McCook was married to Miss Dick, an adopted daughter of Rev. Dr. C. C. Beatty, of this city, who died in 1863.  He leaves three children, George McCook, Hettie Beatty McCook, and Robert McCook.  The loss of Col. McCook, as we have said, is profoundly felt in our city.  Of generous heart, rare social attractions, and large wealth of intellectual culture, his is a loss that no common period of time can replace.  In virtue of his scholarly attainments he, a few years ago, received the title of LL. D. from his alma mater.

     THE BUCHANAN FAMILY - The Rev. George Buchanan was born in York county, Pennsylvania, near the beginning of 1783.  His parents were Scotch Covenanters, and came to this country before the Revolutionary war.  George was the youngest son in the family.  His classical education was begun in Gettysburg, under the the superintendence of the Rev. Alexander Dobbins.  He was graduated in Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, in the fall of 1805.  He immediately entered the Theological Seminary of the Associate Reformed Church, in the city of New York, under the care of the celebrated Dr. John M. Mason, being a member of the first class organized in that institution.  Mr. Buchanan having completed the course of study prescribed, was licensed to preach the gospel by the Presbytery of Philadelphia, at a meeting held in the city of Washington, December, 1809.  Soon after this he crossed the mountains, and serving as a missionary for a few months, came to Steubenville, where he located in April, 1811, and continued until the 14th of October, 1855, when he died, having served in his pastorate forty-four years.  Mr. Buchanan was the founder of three congregations of his denomination.  One in Steubenville, another on Yellow creek and the third was called Harmon’s creek.  The name of the whole denomination to which Mr. B. belonged was changed in 1858 and is now known as the United Presbyterian Church.  Hence, the names of the congregations are changed.  In addition to the above change, Yellow creek is called Richmond, and Harman’s creek, Paris.  Mr. B. continued to minister to these congregations during the early part of his ministry, until two of them, Richmond first and Paris last, obtained the services of pastors for the full time, thus leaving him entirely to the Steubenville congregation.  Here he continued to labor until the time of his death, presenting the extraordinary circumstance of a minister preaching every Sabbath with but two exceptions, for a period of forty-four years.  In addition to his work as a preacher and pastor, Mr. Buchanan taught a classical school in the city for a number of years.  His scholars generally did well in life, among whom are the Rev. Dr. Newton, missionary to India, and the Hon. E. M. Stanton, late secretary of war.  As a classical scholar and teacher Mr. B. had a fine reputation.  His kind, social and benevolent disposition opened for him the friendship of all classes, old and young.  As an evidence of his popularity among matrimonial candidates he married over five hundred couples.  Mr. Buchanan was married on the 28th of April, 1812, to Miss Mary, the third daughter of Joseph and Eleanor Junkin, then of Mercer county, Pennsylvania.  Mr. Junkin was a soldier of the revolution, and raised a large family, of which the Rev. Dr. George, and the Rev. Dr. D. X. are well known.  In the partner of his married life.  Mr. B. was peculiarly blessed, she being a woman qualified in every respect for a pastor’s wife.  Mrs. B. survived her husband six years, and died in Keokuk, Iowa, August, 1861, in the house of her youngest daughter, wife of Mr. A J. Ralston.  Mr. Buchanan’s family consisted of seven children, four sons and three daughters.  Miss Eleanor J., the eldest, was married to the Rev. John Mason Galloway, in May, 1838.  Mr. Galloway was a minister, first in the Associate Reformed Church, and then in the Presbyterian Church.  Whilst in the former, he preached in New Castle and afterward in Paris, Pa; whilst in the latter, he preached in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, where he died in 1865.  After his death Mrs. G. moved to Steubenville, where she now (1879) lives with a part of her family, which consisted of six children.  Her oldest studied law and now holds the office of deputy secretary of state in Colorado.  Her oldest daughter is married to Mr. C. Worth, and lives in West Chester, Pennsylvania.  Rev. John J. Buchanan, the second member of the family, after graduating at Franklin College in 1838, studied theology in the A. R. Seminary, Allegheny City, and was licensed to preach in 1811.  After serving as pastor in Raccoon and Hanover congregations, Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and Nifflin congregation, Allegheny county, his health

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failing, he partially ceased the work of the ministry and devoted his attention to literary employments, and conducted a school journal in Pittsburgh.  His health tailing still more, he gave up all his work in 1852, and died in 1858 in the 31st year of his age.  He was married to the daughter of Philip Mowry, of Allegheny City.  His widow and three surviving children are living now (1879) in Cleveland.  All of whom, except Mrs. B. are married.  Rev. Joseph Buchanan, the third of this family, after passing through the usual collegiate and theological education, was licensed to preach.  He served as a missionary for several years in the west, and Pennsylvania.  His labors, however, have chiefly been connected with schools.  In connection with Mr. Galloway he bought the premises on the corner of Logan and Fourth streets of this city, built a home and started a high school for boys.  This school was carried on successfully for three years, namely, from 1851 to 1854, when the work of preaching and teaching being too heavy a tax upon Mr. Galloway, the school was given up, and the building rented to the board of education for a public high school.  Mr. B. went into this school as an assistant teacher, and so continued for several years, when he became principal.  In 1859, he was appointed superintendent of all the schools, which office he held until the year 1870.  His labors in this capacity told and are still telling upon public instruction in the city.  In addition to this office, he was appointed on the board of county school examiners, which position he still (1879) holds.  Mr. B. has engaged in several enterprises of an educational nature which were carried forward successfully. Wm. Stanton Buchanan studied law with the Hon. E. M. Stanton, entered upon its practice in this city, and afterward removed to Wheeling, but is now engaged in farming in Marshall county, West Virginia.  James Buchanan, M. D., studied medicine with Dr. Tappan and graduated in the Medical University of New York.  He practiced in his profession in Wellsville, Ohio, until the beginning of the late southern war, when he entered the army as a surgeon.  After the close of the war, he located in Allegheny City, where he has an extensive practice, in addition to his holding the position of surgeon to the Fort Wayne and Chicago railroad.  He is married to the daughter of John M. Jenkins, of Wellsville, by whom he has a son and daughter.  Mary McMechan Buchanan, the sixth child, died at the age of two years.  Sarah E. Buchanan, the last of seven, was married in 1856 to Mr. A. J. Ralston, brother of the banker of San Francisco.  She lived with her husband in Keokuk, Iowa, until 1862, when she died.  Her husband immediately removed to San Francisco, where he now resides.
 

     JUDGE JOHN H. MILLER, is a native of Northampton county, Pennsylvania, born Jan. 30, 1813.  He is a son of the late Amos Miller, also of Pennsylvania, born May 29, 1789, and who died May 7, 1863.  His mother was Elizabeth, daughter of John Huston, farmer, of Northampton county, and was married in the same county during 1811, but died Nov. 16, 1828.  She left a family of four sons and two daughters, our subject being the oldest child.  He received his education at "Strousburg Academy," and studied law during 1837-8, under General Samuel, of Steubenville, being admitted to the bar at Columbus, Ohio, in 1840, having successfully practiced here ever since.  In 1835 he became justice of the peace in what was then Monroe county, Pennsylvania, but came to Steubenville in 1837, where he was also elected a justice about 1845-6, and was in the city council during 1867-8.  In 1870 he was appointed judge of the Common Pleas Court by Governor Hayes, to fill the vacancy caused by the elevation of Judge McIntyre to the Supreme Court.  The following year, 1871, he was elected to the same office, and filled it for the term of five year, which expired Feb. 9, 1871.  During 1841, he also filled the office of clerk to the Supreme Court, under a pro tem appointment.  At present writing the Judge still continues his private law practice in Steubenville, and enjoys unlimited confidence as an authority in his profession.  He was married Mar. 4, 1841, to Ann, daughter of old Col. Thomas Stokely, farmer, of Washington county, Pennsylvania, and a sister to General Samuel Stokley.  They have a family of two children - a son and daughter, the latter of whom has become the wife of Mr. Henry W. Pratt, merchant, of Boston, and is the mother also of an interesting daughter.

     DR. B. H. FISHER, a native of Steubenville, was born in 1839, and is a son of John Fisher, one of our earliest pioneers, born in 1800.  His mother was Jane, daughter of Mr. John Hart, of Pennsylvania, and her family consisted of seven sons and four daughters, only one of them being at present deceased - Joseph A. Fisher, a merchant in Wheeling, who died about five years ago.  Susan has become Mrs. Nelson, of Steubenville; Jane was married to Mr. John V. O'Dell, then of Steubenville, but now a resident of New York; Julia Ann became Mrs. Samuel H. Bickerstaff, of this place, and Emily W. is now Mrs. W. R. Harmon.  The sons were James H.. Joseph A., John, Jacob M., Benjamin H., Wm. E. and George A., all still living in Steubenville.  Our subject studied medicine with Dr. B. Tappan, and graduated in Cincinnati, at the Ohio Medical College.  He was also in the 157th O. V. I,, during the late war as surgeon, and on his return home went into practice as a physician, in partnership with Dr. Tappan, with whom he remained associated three years, and then succeeded to a private practice, which he still conducts with much success.  He was married in 1865, to Eliza A. Rittenhouse, daughter of Dr. W. Rittenhouse, of this county, by whom he has had a family of three children, one of whom is dead.  The Doctor is a member of Jefferson County Medical Association - one of the examiners for the “Royal Arcanum” Association, is a member of the I. O. O. F., and associated with the M. E. Church.

     H. H. HAWKINS, at present one of our leading merchants, conducting business on Market street, is a native of Steubenville, born in 1826, and son of Thomas Hawkins, of Maryland, who came to Steubenville in 1817, was a tailor by trade, and died here in 1847.   His mother’s name was Margaret, daughter of Nathan and grand-daughter of Benjamin Harrison, of Maryland.  She died in 1854.  The family consisted of eight girls and three boys - William B.; born 1807; James, born 1819, and John H.. born 1826.  The business experience of our subject commenced about thirty-one years ago, in the employ of Mr. George Scott, dealer in dry goods and millinery, in this city.  After some years he became a partner with Mr. S., and continued in that connection until about eleven years ago, when, the latter gentleman dying, Mr. H., with others, entered into partnership in the same business under the firm name of J. H. Hawkins & Co.  After four years, the firm became Hawkins, Patterson & Co., with a branch wholesale house in Pittsburgh, which continued therefor five years; but two years ago both firms closed out, and Mr. Hawkins formed a new partnership with Mr. J. H. Dawson, and opened up in the same business in March, 1878, which is still continued at 320 Market street.  The present firm consists of J. H. Hawkins and J. H. Dawson, the latter being also a thorougly experienced and practical business man, and bringing with him hosts of friends.  Mr. Hawkins has ever taken a lively interest in Steubenville’s prosperity, and is never to be found wanting in enterprise.  He is president of the Miners’ and Mechanics’ bank, a director in the Jefferson National bank, and also director in the Steubenville Furnace and Iron Company, in which he was one of the early prime movers.  Mr. Hawkins is a popular citizen, a shrewd business man, and is well acquainted with the history of Steubenville, past and present.

     JAMES M. RILEY, comes from Baltimore, Maryland, and was born in 1831.  He is a son of the late P. W. Riley, who was in the Baltimore sharp shooters during t he war of 1812, but who died in 1849.  Our subject came to Steubenville in 1856, then being a practical nailer, and engaged himself at the Jefferson Iron works where he still remains.  He was married on the 19th, of April, 1855, to Elizabeth M. daughter of Daniel Lineberger, of Baltimore county, Maryland, and has a family of four children - Celeste, Gertrude, J. Sherman and Lottie B.

     ROBERT E. BANKS, is a native of Derry, Ireland, and was born April 11th, 1831, being a son of the late John Bank, who died in 1859.  Our subject came to this country in 1850, and was engaged with Lloyd & Black as a shipping clerk for some four years.  He then engaged in the lumber business at Clearfield, Pennsylvania, from the fall of 1855 to 1861.  When the war broke out, he promptly responded to the President’s first call, by joining the 14th Pennsylvania Infantry, three months men.  He served out his time and was honorably discharged in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania.  The 20th of August, in the same year, he re-enlisted for three years in the 11th Pennsylvania as a private, September 6th, he was promoted to sergeant, and the 6th November, 1864, commissioned a lieutenant, again being promoted, the 13th of August, 1865, to Captain, holding that rank when mustered out of the service in September of the latter year.  During his service he was in thirty to thirty-five engagements and over sixty skirmishes - receiving no fewer than five serious wounds - two or three of them being inflicted with the sabre, showing the close engagements he was brought

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to endure.  On relinquishing the service, he came to Steubenville where he was married on the 30th of May, 1867, to Kate, daughter of Thomas McKann, by whom he has a family of five living; - Mary K., born July 6, 1868; Agnes K., born July 20, 1870, but she died Dec. 27, 1872; William B., born Feb. 19, 1872; John K., born Sept. 13th, 1874; Alice K., born Nov. 6, 1876; and Blache K., born Sept. 15, 1878.

     WILLIAM DAY is a native of Kent, England, and was born Apr. 16th, 1820.  He is a son of the late Thomas and Rachel Day nee Watts, of the same county in the old country.  The old couple had four sons, all of whom came to America in 1825.  Our subject learned glass blowing and worked at it for twenty-one years.  He entered the grocery and dry goods business on the corner of Third and Fourth streets in 1857, and still remains there, in company with his son Alfred, and their house may now be classed among the most important in their line in the city.  Mr. William Day was married on the 18th of Sept., 1847, to Diana, daughter of Mr. Thomas Hill, a native of Yorkshire, England, and by her has had two sons and four daughter, as follows: - Alfred, born July 16th, 1848; Sarah, born Mar. 25th, 1850; William born Nov. 7th 1853; Mary Jane, June 14th 1858; Ida May, born Apr. 30th, 1860, and died June 21st, 1864; Belle Morse, born Jan. 19th, 1862.  Sarah was married to Mr. Thomas Williams, Sept. 8th, 1868, and has two sons, William and Jared.  Alfred married Sarah Rea, of Washington, Guernsey county, Ohio, July 16th 1876, and has one son, Francis Rea.  William married Annie Kesey, of Steubenville, Feb. 4th, 1878.

     ROBERT K. WINNINGS is a native of Belmont county, born 23d of May, 1833, and is a son James Winnings, a native of Berkeley county, Va. T he old man came to Belmont county sixty years ago, and died in 1858.  Our subject’s mother was originally named Catherine Kennedy, born in 1800, and she had a family of six sons and one daughter - the latter dying at the age of fourteen.  Samuel also died about two years ago, aged fifty-seven.  John is residing in Wheeling; Edward D. is the present popular and successful proprietor of the extensive keg factory in this city, near the Jefferson Iron Works.  Israel died about 1846.  Robert K., as we have said, was born in 1833 - he is a practical cooper, and works for his brother Edward D., while James K. is also a cooper, and is engaged at Bellaire.  Our subject learned his trade as a cooper, with Mr. John H. Smith, and afterwards worked in Harrison county, coming to Steubenville from Martin’s Ferry in 1869.  He has remained in his brother’s works ever since.  He was married in 1852 to Mary Jane, daughter of Samuel Brady, cabinet maker, of Steubenville, Ohio, but has no family.  He also joined company C. of the 1st infantry regiment, under Capt. W. Orr, and during the late war served from Feb. 1864, to August 24th, 1865, when he was honorably discharged.

     MATTHEW OLIVER JUNKIN is a native of Cumberland county, Pa., and was born in 1801.  He is a son of Joseph Junkin, of the same county, who died, February, 1831, aged 81 years, who was a lieutenant at the battle of Brandywine, 1777.  Our subject came to Steubenville in 1829, and in 1831 was married to Rebecca Jane, daughter of James Buchanan and a brother of the late Rev. George Buchanan.  They have had a family of six children, but have only two daughters living, one of whom is now Mrs. W. B. Donaldson, and the other, still unmarried, resides at home.  Previous to coming here, and when about seventeen or eighteen years of age, our subject joined the Mercer county light infantry, belonging to the 121st Pennsylvania Rifles.  He subsequently served, as captain, adjutant and major, but resigned to come to Steubenville.  Here he was elected a justice of the peace in 1843, and served some eighteen to twenty years.  He also served as a commissioner of insolvency.  In September, 1861, he was appointed lieutenant of company H., 30th Ohio, and served sixteen months.  He returned and was again elected justice of the peace, beside which he served as mayor to the city from 1843 lo 1847.  In 1875 he was made the recipient of a handsome gold-headed cane, as a token of respect from the members of the bar and county officials in Jefferson, he having filled local offices for over thirty-two years.  Mr. Junkin has ever been held in high estimation as a citizen, and in his declining years, though retired, shares equally of universal respect and regards.

     THE McCONVILLES - The history of the city of Steubenville would be incomplete without honorable mention of one of her merchants, who within the last thirty years by enterprise and close attention to mercantile affairs, built up a vast trade, and founded in Steubenville a house that in both in Warrenpoint, county Down, Ireland, Nov. 27, 1819; sprang from a family of merchants, they having been engaged in trade for at least four generations previously.  Entering his life work at the age of fourteen he spent the early years of his manhood in business with his father and elder brother in England and Wales, but finally established himself in busness of his native town, Warrenpoint.  The complete failure of the successive crops in Ireland having depressed trade very much in 1849 he emigrated to America, and in 1851 he opened much in 1849 he emigrated to America, and in 1851 he opened business in Steubenville, and laid the corner stone of success.  Year after year he extended his business and speedily acquired the good will and esteem of his brother merchants of Eastern Ohio, until at his death in September, 1878, he stood at the head of the dry goods merchants of this section of the state.  The business block on the corner of Fourth and Market streets stands as a memorial of the merchant, and a testimony to his ability and success.  The house he founded is continued under the same name, "D. McConville & Son," by his heirs, and managed by his sons James and Thomas.  His eldest son, Daniel McConville, Jr., has been for ten years in business for himself, and both houses with enterprise, energy and integrity bid fair to retain the distinction the father acquired.

     JOHN McCLINTON is a native of county Antrim, Ireland; was born in 1814, and came to this country when two years of age, with his parents.  His father’s name was William McClinton, a farmer, and his mother’s maiden name was Martha Dowling, also of Ireland.  The old couple arrived in this country in July, 1816, and first settled at Pittsburgh.  They had a family of five children - John, Nancy, (deceased), Nathaniel, (deceased), Jane, (still single), and Martha; the latter being now Mrs. W. Anderson, of Beaver county, Pa., with a family of five children.  Our subject took a plain education in Allegheny county and spent his early days on a farm with his father.  He, however, espoused the trade of a nailer when seventeen years of age and learned his trade in Pittsburgh, whore he worked from 1833 to 1859, that year coming to Steubenville.  Having an interest in the La Belle Iron Works, Wheeling, which was and is associated with the Jefferson Iron Works, of this city, it was in the latter institution he employed himself and has remained associated ever since, at present simply” as a director.  Mr. McClinton was married the 25th of March, 1852, to Margaret, daughter of Mr. Wm. Nesbitt, of Pittsburgh, and they have had issue six children - five or whom are living, as follows: William, born in Allegheny City, Dec. 25, 1852, and the 4th of October 1876, was married to Mary, daughter of Hugh and Catharine Caldwell, of Steubenville, they having one son living, Charles, born the 20th of August, 1877.  Annie Maria was born the 3d of November, 1854, and is still living at home.  George Albert, born on the 26th of April, 1857; died the 17th of April, 1862.  John Edwin was born Sept. 20, 1859, in Steubenville, and is engaged in the Jefferson mill - living at home.  Samuel Hamilton, born the 25th of February, 1862, at Steubenville; also lives at home.  Charles Florence was born Oct. 30, 1864.  Mr. McClinton resides at 311 South Fourth street*, his residence being among the most attractive on our prominent thoroughfares.
* This building is no longer standing. ~Sharon Wick

     WALTER C. ONG, the present prosecuting attorney for Jefferson county, is a native of Smithfield township; was born in November, 1850, and is a son of Moses H. Ong, born in 1812.  His mother's maiden name was Mary, daughter of Walter Cain, of German descent, who had a family of thirteen children.  Our subject was educated at Richmond College and the University of Ann Harbor, being admitted to the bar in Columbus, at the supreme court of Apr. 28, 1874.  He commenced practice here in the fall of 1875; was elected prosecuting attorney” tor the county, and re-elected in 1878.  He was married on the 8th of April, 1875, to Annie E., daughter of Mr. Samuel Mansfield, farmer, of Wayne township, born in 1853.  They have an interesting family of two children - Edna May, born in 1876, and Wallace Eugene, born August, 1877.

     RICHARD GREIG is a native of New Brighton, Pa., born Feb. 21, 1846, and is the son of James M. Greig.  He early learnt the coopering business, worked in Pittsburgh, Oil City and
Baton Rouge, arriving in Wheeling about nine years ago.  He worked there and at Martin's Ferry six years, and then came to Steubenville, and for three years past has been engaged at Win-

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ning's keg factory.  He was married in 1871 to Agnes, daughter of Benjamin F. Brook, of Martin's Ferry, and has a family of four children - Martha Ellen, born 1872; Kate Olive, born 1874; Richard Lee, born 1876, and George, born 1879.  He served six months, during the late war, in the Pennsylvania Independent Cavalry, an unattached company under Captain Cummins.

     R. G. RICHARDS is the only son of Wm. Richards, of South Wales, and at the age of ten years arrived in this country.  He at first resided in Pennsylvania, where he took a plain education, completing his studies at an academy, in 1861.  He also employed himself at wagon making, but during the late war volunteered in Company G., 45tth Pa Infantry, and within a month was made orderly sergeant.  In less than a year, for meritorious conduct, at South Mountain, he was made captain of his company.  He served with his regiment through the different engagements in which the ninth army corps took part, until carried from the field on account of sickness.  After some considerable absence he rejoined his company, and while in command, in front of Petersburgh, and what was known as the "Mine Explosion," he was captured with some three hundred others.  Mr. Richards was in various southern prisons from July 30, 1864, until Feb. 16, 1865, when he made his escape - fled through North Carolina and ultimately arrived, sadly exhausted, at Knoxville, Tennessee.  From that time until he was mustered out, August 31, 1865, he served as brigade inspector on the staff of Col. Curtin.  On the 22d of November, 1865, he was married to Caroline C. Rees, of Pa., and proceeded to Youngstown, Ohio, where he became a merchant for some two years.  In March of 1867, he moved to Jefferson county, Ohio, where he now resides in the practice of law.  In 1873 he was elected to the General Assembly, and re-elected in 1875.  At the expiration of the latter term he was elected State Senator, and at present writing thus represents the twenty-second senatorial district, composed of Jefferson and Columbiana counties. 

     JOHN W. GRAY is a native of Steubenville, and was born in 1820.  He is son of David Gray, a Wesleyan Methodist preacher, who came here so early as 1817 and died in 1866.  Our subject's mother's name was Sarah, daughter of the Rev. James Gardner, of Baltimore, who had five daughters and four sons - Elizabeth, Mary, Dorcas, Eliza and Margaret are all deceased.  David was married to Mary Young, of this city, and has two daughters and one son living.  George died near New Orleans in 1836, and Oliver C. was married first to Virginia Reddick, of this place, and after her death he took unto himself Miss Mary Sutfun, of Ottowa, Ill.  Oliver was a man of exceptional poetic genius and rare reasoning faculties, whose ability and sterling worth as a citizen and subject are admirably set forth in a most interesting sketch of his life by his nephew, David Gray Ficks.  He also opened a grocery on his own account in 1859, on the corner of Sixth and Adams, where he still continues an excellent business in partnership with his son,, Mr. J. Welty Gray.  Our subject was first married March, 1846, to Kesiah S., daughter of Mr. Isaac Welday, of Cross Creek, by whom he had two sons and two daughters - these were Oliver (now deceased), __ Welday (in partnership with his father), Florence, now Mrs. W. D. Dally, of this city, who has two sons and one daughter, and Georgiana, now Mrs. Hugh Patterson, of this city, who has one son named Oliver.  Our subject's wife died Apr. 14, 1876, and he was married a second time to Ellen, daughter of Mrs. John Jones, late of this city, who died in 1872.  As the result of the latter marriage they have a most interesting daughter, Nellie Myers Gray, born the 18th of September, 1879.  Our subject has served in the city council ten years, has ever been a prominent business man, a bank, insurance and building association director, and a faithful Odd Fellow for many years.

     HENRY OPPERMAN is a native of Germany - born 1829 - and came to this country in 1847.  He early took to the manufacture of iron, and has been engaged on the Allegheny river, in Illinois, Pittsburgh, &c., coming to Steubenville in 1863, when he engaged with the Jefferson Iron Works Company, with whom he still remains superintendent of the blast furnace.  He was married in 1852 to Annie Krawshauer, of Germany, and has a family living of one son and seven daughters, born as follows:  Catharine, Apr. 26, 1853; Mary, Mar. 18, 1857 (in Illinois); Lizzie, Jan. 19, 1861; Maggie, May 27, 1862; Annie, Apr. 13, 1865; Emma, Aug. 27, 1867; John, Aug. 6, 1870; Attie, Mar. 26, 1874; and Carrie, Mar. 22, 1878.  Catharine was married September, 1871, and has two chileren, Annie and Henry.  Lizzie was married May 29, 1879, and the rest of the family is single.  Our subject also conducts quite a prosperous and well stocked grocery near the works, and is, withal, quite an inventive genius, as we find him the inventor and patentee of "Opperman's safety catch for elevators," a most simple yet excellent contrivance that though only patented in 1874 is rapidly growing in public estimation.

     DR. ABRAHAM M. BLACKBURN, a native of Steubenville, was born in 1842, graduated in 1846 at Cincinnati Medical College, and immediately entered upon practice.  His family first came to this country from the north of Ireland in 1767, his grandfather, who was a quaker, locating in Pennsylvania, where he was a justice, appointed under the King of England.  His grandmother, nee Jane Blackburn, came to this country in 1798.  In 1862 the doctor entered the 84th regiment, O. V, I , company F., for the three months service, and served also 100 days in company B., 157th regiment, and was mustered out second sergeant at Columbus, O.  He has resided in Steubenville ever since, practicing medicine, being married in 1865 to Sarah, daughter of Mr. Orr Lowe, of this city, and has had a family of six children, five of whom are still living.  He was city police surgeon for several terms, and is a member of the board of education.  His residence is 614 West Market street.

     WM. B. JONES is a native of Monroe county, O. - born 1847 - and is the son of Samuel Jones, who died some twenty-five years ago.  Our subject came to this county in 1867, having previously learned the trade of a cooper, at Martin’s Ferry.  He immediately engaged at the keg factory of Winnings & Smallwood at that time, but now run simply by Mr. Winnings, where he is still engaged.  He was married in 1870 to Jane, daughter of Elijah Horner, of Steubenville, and has an interesting family of three girls and one boy.  During the late war he served one year in Company C., the 92d regiment, having to retire from service on account of impaired health.

     GEORGE B. SUNDERLAND, a native of Steubenville, was born in 1830, and is the son of Michael Sunderland of Baltimore - born 1797 - who came here about 1818.  His mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Fisher, of Virginia - born Oct. 30, 1800.  The old couple were married in Steubenville, Nov. 16, 1821.  Michael's family was of English descent, and he had two brothers in the war of 1812, while his wife's family date their origin from Germany.  They had four daughters and one son, as follows:  Susan, born 1827, died Nov. 27, 1828; George B., was born in 1830; Ann Maria, Aug. 4, 1832, now Mrs. W. H. Beatty, with a family of three living, and residing in Mississippi; Margaret Jane, born May 4, 1836, was married Feb. 14, 1867 to Mr. James Horner, of Steubenville, and has one daughter, Elizabeth; Isabel Fisher, born May 3, 1838, was married Oct. 13, 1867, to Mr. Robt. M. Cummings, at present in the county auditor's office, but they have no family.  Our subject, Geo. B. Sunderland, has always been associated with commercial pursuits, and is at present with Mr. Mandel, wholesale grocer and commission merchant, never having filled a situation outside of this city.  He was married Oct. 16, 1855, to Mary L., daughter of Mr. Theodore Clifton, who came to Steubenville in 1812, and by her has had an interesting family of five children - Mary Elizabeth, born Sept. 14, 1856, now Mrs. J. W. Ferguson, has one child, Ethel May, born Feb. 17, 1879; Wm. F., born Nov. 26, 1858, was married to Miss Leah Curry, Apr. 1, 1879, and is living in Pittsburgh; Lavenia, born July 28, 1861; Theodore, born July 26, 1870; and Geo. E., born Jan. 12, 1874.

     JOHN IRWIN, the present mayor for the city of Steubenville, is a native of that place, born in 1835, and is a son of Robert Irvin, a native of Ireland, who came to this country in 1795, first locating in Maryland, next in Pittsburgh, and coming to Steubenville in 1802.  Our subject early learned the trade of a pattern maker and worked at that trade for twenty years with his father, at Means & Bro's.  In 1869, he was appointed U. S. Internal Revenue storekeeper for this district, which office he filled for three and a half years.  In 1873 he was appointed U. S. government gauger, and resigned in 1875, when he was elected mayor, to which office he was re-elected in 1877 and again in

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1879.  He was married in 1861, to Attie, daughter of Mr. John Patton, of Pittsburgh, and has two daughters.  His residence is 607 North Fifth street.
NOTE:  The home is no longer standing.

     SAMUEL H. BICKERSTAFF is a native of Steubenville; was born in 1831, and a son of Augustine Bickerstaff, one of Steubenville’s oldest settlers, who died in 1867.  Our subject first learned the carpentering and wheelwright business and for the past fifteen years has been engaged at that craft at the Jefferson Iron Works, an institution singularly successful and fortunate in retaining old servants.  He was married in 1853, to Julia Ann, daughter of Mr. John Fisher, also a pioneer resident here, and they have a family of three children - Ella Virginia, born on the 6th of September, 1857 John Augustine, born on the 15th of April, 1859, and Ernst Franklin, born on the 6th of August, 1868.  Our subject was out in the one hundred day service during the late war, in 1864, serving in Company D, 157th regiment, under Captain S. Boals, and was stationed most of the time at Fort Delaware.

     WILLIAM D. LEWIS is a native of Belmont county, Ohio, and was born in 1825, being a son of Levi Lewis, a native of Connecticut, who died in 1838.  Our subject has filled various occupations in his early life, but ere he was twenty, became a “worthy son of Vulcan” and has attained quite a proficiency as a skilled mechanic.  He came to Steubenville in 1866, and engaged at the Jefferson Iron Works, where he still remains as foreman of the smithshop.  In 1846, he married Mary, daughter of Mr. Thomas Crosby, of Maryland, and by her has two children living - Levi, who is engaged in the same works as a nailer, and who by the way, is quite a skilled musician - and Mary Louisa, now Mrs. Wm. Ford, of Martin’s Ferry, having a family of five children. In 1864, our subject joined Company K, 2d Va. veterans, and served to the close of the war.  He at one time lived in Wheeling and was a member of the “Nail City” council, and is at present a member of Steubenville’s city council.  He is also an Odd Fellow, a K. of P., a Druid and what else we know not; suffice to say that he is one of those versatile, yet competent citizens, whose geniality, enthusiasm and faculty of comprehension would seem to qualify him as indispensable in any live community.

     ORLANDO P. CLIFTON, at present shearsman, engaged in the Jefferson Iron Works, is a native of Wheeling, W. Va., born Nov. 7th, 1842, being the son of Mr. Theodore Clifton, at present residing near Steubenville.  His early experience was in coal mining, but when about twenty-one years of age he espoused the calling of a worker in iron, and has remained in the present employ ever since.  He was married in 1865 to Clara, daughter of Charles Hout, of Germany, and has a family of five daughters - Emma, Maggie, Mary Ann, Elizabeth and Allie.  Our subject further served four months in Company A, 157th regiment, under Captain Burgess, and was chiefly located during that period, at Fort Delaware.

     JOHN B. MANDLE, butcher, of this city, at 503 Market street, is a native of Germany, born in 1822, and came with his parents to America when a child.  He previously resided in Beaver county and Pittsburgh, Pa., arriving in Steubenville in 1841.  He opened up his present business here in 1843, and in the same year was married to Leo, daughter of Mr. David Hottel, also a butcher, and a native of Virginia.  Our subject is the father of three children, one of whom, Mary Jane, born in 1845, is now Mrs. Oscar Barsheer, of Steubenville, who has an interesting family of six children.    

     CALVIN B. DOTY is a native of Plymouth county, Mass., and is a son of Nathaniel Doty, of the same place.  He has spent a life time in the iron trade, and is a gentleman experienced in every department of iron manufacture, he came to Steubenville in 1859, to take the management of the working departments of the Jefferson Iron Works, which position ho has held ever since, being also a large stockholder and director.  He is further a trustee for the Steubenville water works, and a bank director in the city, beside which he has filled a scat in the council for several years, and is generally looked upon as one of Steubenville’s most prominent citizens.  He was married in 1840 to Lucinda, daughter of Mr. Arthur Carr, formerly of Maryland, by whom he has been blessed with a family of four children: Kate, now Mrs. John G. Johnson, of Detroit; Mary; (still single,) Harry and Charles.  The latter, familiarly known as Captain Charles Doty, a most promising and highly esteemed gentleman, died on the 3d of March, 1879.

     WALTER POOLE, engaged at Winning’s keg factory, is a native of South Carolina, was born in 1835, and is a son Zoring A. Poole, of the same state, who died Sept. 10, 1872.  His mother was originally named Lucinda Horsey, daughter of John Horsey, of South Carolina.  Our subject was the oldest in a family of nine sons and two daughters.  He came to Steubenville in 1865, and has worked for his present employer some six years.  He was married on the 28th of December, 1865, to Mary Gassaway, of La Grange, and has a family of four children - Ira Allen, born Jan. 17,1869; Alvin, born June 2, 1871; Lucinda Mary, born Oct. 3, 1873, and Howard, born May 29, 1878.

     ANTHONY BLACKBURN is a native of Guernsey county, Ohio; born in 1830, and son of James Blackburn, born in Westmoreland county, Pa., in 1793.  The old gentleman moved to this state in 1800, and settled in Wayne township.  The mother of our subject, before marriage, was named Mary Lyle, of Wayne township, and subsequently had a family of two girls and four sons.  Anthony Blackburn took his education in Hocking county and served his time to shoemaking with Mr. R. H. Halstead, of Steubenville.  In 1854, he began business on his own account and has always remained a master tradesman to the present, his excellent and reliable store being located at 122 South Fourth street.  He was married Mar. 27, 1851, to Margaret M., a daughter of W. Hood, highly respected in Steubenville, but who died here in 1844. They have had a family of three children— James M., born Mar. 6, 1872;  Charles E., born May 6, 1858, and George, born Dec. 27, 1860, but who died Mar. 6, 1861.  Mr. Blackburn is among Steubenville’s many old stand-by residents— a fair trader, and highly respected citizen.

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