CHAPTER XI.
pg. 109

EDUCATONAL INTERESTS OF THE COUNTY.

     OHIO, including Knox county, has always been fully up to the standard of the free, common school system.  Her early pioneers came from eastern countries where education was at par, and in settling here in the wilderness they first provided a home and then at once began to erect log schools houses in which was held the subscription school.  Elsewhere in this chapter will be given a full account of such schools.  Down as late as 1840 there were hundreds of little log school houses nestled in the timber and ravines and on the hillsides of this county, and many were used for church purposes as well as for schools.  About three months each year was all the farmer boy got of schooling.  He had to “do chores” and work on the farm, mostly between the ages of five and twenty-one years.  There was no school in the spring or fall, for the student had to help at home.  The schools were indeed poor systems, taught by quite inferior teachers, yet they managed to impress many with the notion of gaining knowledge.  Their books were anything that the parents thought best to provide them with.  The teacher was hired to teach and no question was asked about what kind of books should be taught from.  Up to 1850 there was no regular school book system in Ohio, as a general rule.  For example, Patrick Gass’ “Journal of the Lewis and Clark Expedition to the Mouth of the Columbia river in 1804-5-6,” and Weem’s “Life of George Washington,” constituted the “readers.”  Parents bought children whatever books fitted their fancy, regardless of the value as a text book, and the teachers were supposed to let them use them - no matter what number and variety were sent to him from the cabin homes of the district in which he taught.  A geography was a geography and a grammar was a grammar - just so the leaves were all in the book.  However, the rule was to teach reading, writing, arithmetic and spelling, and later, geography and grammar.  Boys would commence and study these books for three months and then work at home nine months and commence in the fore part of the same books again, as usually they had forgotten nearly all they had learned in the previous term, unless exceptionally bright scholars, and these sometimes were allowed to begin part way through the book at the second term.
     Teachers changed frequently and this made matters still worse.  One student might get as far as "vulgar fractions," or the "rule of three," and in

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Webster's Speller, the first class probably got as far as "antiscorbutic" and maybe through; while the second class would get as far as "cessation," and the third class over to "baker," certainly not farther than "amity."  These old books were conned over year after year until literally worn out and the children grown up to be of a marriageable age.  Many never did learn what the back part of their first school books contained.  Yet these subscription schools cannot altogether be despised when we remember that men like Lincoln, Douglas, Edwin M. Stanton, etc., attended such educational institutions.  In the spelling classes there was always much rivalry to see how many “head marks” could be gained in a given term of three months.  Later, the best speller would stand at the head until he or she missed.  These classes sometimes contained thirty and even forty scholars, which made it hard work for a pupil to gain the head of his class.  The spelling schools were the beauty and real glory of the olden-time country and village school days.  Teachers were ever being implored to appoint a given night for a “spelling school.”  About twice each month this desire was gratified.  A moonshiny evening was generally selected, and at a time when good sleighing obtained, when the neighboring schools were invited to take part in the program, especially in “spelling down.”  Everybody came from far and near; the old folks, the young folks, the children and every clog on the premises followed the jingle of the merry sleigh bells.  The great box stove filled up with the best fuel on earth, hickory wood, crackled and sent forth a glow appreciated by all till way along in the program, when the air in the log building became intense.  The good spellers were permitted to choose sides, drawing cuts for who should be selected first.  A tally sheet was carefully kept to see who missed the most words.  After recess the “spelling down” began in earnest, and the home stretch was always interesting.  He or she who stood the longest against the jaw-breaking words found in Webster was accounted a hero or heroine indeed.
     It is noticed of late years that men and women do not spell as correctly as did their fathers and mothers, and a good feature of this, the first decade of the twentieth century, is the spelling matches which, in many sections of this country, are being revived.
     Probably the first school house erected in Berlin township was the one built on the site of Ankenytown, on a lot directly opposite where Mr. Gregor’s store was located at one time.  John Lewis, a son of Governor Lewis, taught there once.  The building was a log house later used as a dwelling.  The next school house was placed on land donated by Abraham Leedy.
     In Brown township, the first school house, so far as is now known, was built near the village of Jellowav about 1830, and in it Joseph Dunlap taught the first school of the township.  The district in which it stood embraced a

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large portion of the township and children of all ages came a long distance through the forests to get an education.  This, as nearly all primitive school houses, was also used for a meeting house and for lectures, speeches, singing and spelling schools.  Another early instructor there was Joseph Pinkley.
     In Butler township, for several years after the beginning of the settlement, little attention was paid to schools or churches.  The teachers were very illiterate and the school buildings were simply abominable, as viewed from a modern Ohio standpoint.  Pioneer George McLarnan once described one of the school houses which he attended when a boy:  “It was situated on a knoll about four rods from a fine spring of water in the midst of a dense forest.  It was constructed of round logs, twelve and sixteen feet long, one story high, with a log across the north end placed four to five feet high from the floor, and about the same distance from the wall, upon which and against the end wall .was erected a large stick chimney, plastered with mortar, joined in a stone back-wall cemented with the same material.
     The roof was made of clapboards that were held in their places by weight poles, which in turn were held by a small log, notched into the ends of the top logs, and called a butting pole.  Not a single nail was used.  Greased paper was employed in place of window glass.  The ground floor was composed of rough puncheons, faced and jointed by some pioneer with his sharp broad-ax, and then laid upon large logs placed as sleepers.  The seats were made from small trees, cut into logs, the proper length, and split in two, the bark taken off, and the other side hewn and made reasonably smooth; two inch holes were then bored into the ends and middle, into which sticks were placed as legs.  Holes were bored into the walls on the west side and south end and large wooden supporters placed therein, upon which were laid boards to write upon; then, to complete the structure, the door was made by cutting a hole in the southeast corner of the house five and one-half feet by three and a half feet: the same was then cased with timber, split, hewn and shaved and fastened with wooden pins.
     Among the first teachers in this district was William Braddock, whose educational qualifications allowed him to “read, write and cipher some,” as one of his pupils has related.  These rude school houses have all disappeared from the county and instead are to be seen the neat frame or brick buildings with modern furnishings and everything to entice, rather than drive the young from the building as was the case in the olden time - yet many a smart man and woman had the grit to obtain the elements of their later excellent education within the dingy walls of those old log school houses.
     Another one of the early teachers in this township was “Judge” Davis, from Maryland.  One of his pupils related away back in the eighties the fol-

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lowing concerning him: ‘‘He wore linsey-woolsey pants and home-made linen vests, a red flannel wammus, cowhide shoes, the sole and upper leather both of his own tanning, together with overshoes made from sheep skins with the wool on.  He was born, reared and educated near Hagerstown, Maryland, emigrated to old Virginia, and from there to Knox county, where he set up as farmer, tanner, politician and school teacher.  He was a believer of the Methodist religious faith and in politics voted the good old Democratic ticket, of course, and he was among the best of citizens in the township over which he chiefly presided in official matters.  The books used in this school were the “United States Speller,” the “Stories of Gulliver’s Travels,” “Robinson Crusoe,” lives of Washington, Penn and Marion for reading books Geographies, grammers and higher arithmetics were unknown here then.
     In Clay township the first school was taught by an Irishman named Samuel Hill.  He taught in a small log building, with greased paper windows.  Reading, writing and arithmetic constituted the branches taught.  Not over eight scholars ever attended at any one time.  The second school in this township was taught in a small log cabin, near the present village of Martinsburg cemetery.  In place of such rude places, the township is now dotted with beautiful farm houses and school houses to match.
     In Clinton township, in 1880 there were (outside the city of Mt. Vernon) six fine school buildings which had displaced the few log “shacks” found there in the first decades of the township's settlement.
     In Harrison township the first school was taught in a small log building in the Dudgeon settlement.  Moses, Jane, Charles and Thomas Dudgeon, John, Charlotte, Levi, David and Elizabeth Harrod, Levi, Mary and John Riggs and Mary Ross were among the scholars.  Samuel Hill was among the earlier teachers in this, as well as Clay, Butler and Jackson townships.  For many years after the first settlement was effected, schools were either taught in dwellings or in very small log houses built of poles for school purposes.  The establishment of the Martinsburg Academy and Kenyon College, both near by, was of lasting use to the youth of Harrison township.
     In Howard township the same style of log school house obtained as has been frequently described in other places in this chapter.  The earliest of these was built on Joseph Critchfield’s farm.  The early instructors, “masters,” as they were called, were Joseph Dunlap, Nathan Heddington, William Williams and Jacob Lyons.  With the building of the college at Gambier, education was soon on an up-grade and has kept apace with Ohio schools everywhere.
     In Jefferson township, as in most if not all the townships in Ohio, at that date, the schools were of the “subscription” kind, there not being any

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school fund at that time in Ohio.  At first these schools were taught in private houses.  The first school house was erected in 1826 on Nicholas Helm’s farm.  It stood eighty rods west of Greersville and was made from hewn logs.  An other was erected in nearly the center of the township, on Phillip Hardinger’s farm, and a third was built a few years later near where later still was erected Wesley chapel.  These were all log structures.  Among the very earliest to teach and flog in these school houses were Elisha Ross, Robert Greer, David Buzzard and Isaac Beann.
     In Milford township the first school house of any considerable note was on the extreme northwest part of the southwest quarter of section 9, and near the Johnstown road, about 1829.  This was a substantial hewed log building, twenty-two feet square, with a large fire place and brick chimney.  Previous to 1830 all schools were supported by private subscription, but at that date a small school fund was provided for by the state of Ohio and districts were ordered set off and a fair school system provided for the people.  By 1880 this township had nine school houses of modern style of architecture and accommodations.
     In Miller township the early school house facilities were coupled with those of Morgan township, as the settlements were in the corners of the two subdivisions of the county.  The first school house in Miller township was erected on the Granville road, a mile north of Brandon.  This was a log house built about 1817, erected for the scholars in the northern part of the township.  In the spring of 1825 two more schools were added, one on the farm later owned by Dana Miller, a short distance from the road west of his house.  The other was on the farm later known as the Lewis Gates property, about midway between his residence and the cross-roads west of it.  Here, as everywhere prior to about 1830, the schools were all supported by private or individual subscription.  But about that year the state changed its school laws and an appropriation was allowed from each county for school purposes and districts were organized which were under the immediate control of the township trustees.  In 1833 a school house in district No. 1 was erected and others soon followed, until in 1850 there were nine school houses within the township.  In 1853 the Ohio Legislature passed virtually the present system of school laws and created a board of education for each township, thus making a free instead of a subscription school system.
     The first frame school house in this township was erected in 1839 in what came to be styled No. 6 district.  This was about a mile and a half south of Brandon and during that year a brick school house was erected in the village of Brandon.  The last named was destroyed by a tornado.  Things moved along until 1867, when the board of education decided to reduce the

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districts to eight and erect a new building for each sub-district; the houses to be made of brick, twenty-four feet wide and thirty feet long, with ten feet in the clear between floor and ceiling.  The first seven of these school houses were built by L. W. Gates and the last by N. W. Buxton.  Hence it will be observed that no child growing up within Miller township has ever had to complain of its lack of opportunity of gaining a good common school education.
     In Morgan township it is claimed by those who are in a position to know that the first school was taught there by Ziba Leonard, Jr., who later resided in Martinsburg.  The school house was a small log building on the old Benjamin Bell farm.  It was without floor and had greased paper for window lights.  The first school was a summer term and neither teacher nor pupils wore any covering on their feet the entire summer season.  Mr. Leonard charged a dollar and a half per scholar tuition, and tradition says he never received half of that amount.  James Kirkland taught the next school in the township and it is related that every child who was old enough in the township was enrolled and generally attended school.  Nearly half a century ago the log school house disappeared and in their place were erected neat frame or substantial brick buildings.
     In Morris township the first attempt at schools was in 1812, when Ichabod Marshall taught in a little log house that stood where J. R. Banning’s residence was afterward built, on Clinton and Main streets, Clinton village.  The second school was taught in a building erected especially for that purpose, northeast of Smith’s hotel.  Silas Knapp taught there first.  As the years went by and the settlement grew, more school buildings were erected in the township and by 1880 there were six modern buildings, all provided with up to-date teachers.
     In Pleasant township the first teacher was William Marquis, who taught a school in a log cabin on the property of James Colville about 1825.  The township now has good educational facilities and is fully up to the Ohio standard of public schools.
     In Union township there were no schools until several years after the real settlement had been effected that were not of the crude type and were taught in log cabins and at the homes of farmers.  Among the earliest teachers may be recalled John Wells, and William Critchfield was another very early teacher who taught in a log building near the site of Millwood.
     In the town of Fredericktown schools have always been good.  Either Artemas Corbin or William Y. Farquhar taught the pioneer school at this point in a little frame building erected during the war of 1812 for a block house.  About the same time a school was opened in the cabin that stood

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on the old Columbus road, within the present bounds of Morris township, on the Benjamin Dowler farm.  Alma Ashley taught there, also Curtis Allen.  Among the first to teach were Asa B. Woodward and a Mr. Ashburn.  Philo Doolittle, another pioneer teacher, erected him a house for dwelling purposes and had attached to it a school room in which he taught many terms of school.  This building stood on the borders of the famous and ancient earth work, near the public square.  He taught “select school” there until his death, probably a quarter of a century in all.  The next school building was near the block-house and this was a good sized frame structure and was used for school purposes for more than twenty years until a brick building took its place.  Among the teachers of note in this building were Sturges, Wilcox, Horner, Duncan, Baugh, Elizabeth Duncan, Miss Roberts and others whose names are not now recalled by historic research.
     The system of union or graded schools was established in 1852.  Doctor Dwyer was made president of the board under the new system; Philo Doolittle, secretary, and S. W. Woodruff, treasurer.  The school examiners at that date were Rev. John M. Farris, Philo Doolittle and Rev. H. D. Webb.  After great pains and much expense to provide the thirty-eight by forty eight-foot school building, of two stories in height, erected by direct taxation, a school was opened up in September, 1853, with William Mitchell, of Columbus, as superintendent.  Since then the school has been in successful operation and has turned out into the great field of life’s action many good men and noble, highly educated women.
     In Pike township the first school was taught by William Scoles in a portion of his own house in the southwest corner of section 13. The first hewed-log school building was on the land of Robert Kirkpatrick, the date being about the year 1833. The first brick house in the township was built on the Francis Popham property.

WESTMINSTER ACADEMY.

     In Middlebury township schools have always been looked upon as the most potent factor in civilization.  The early schools were "private subscription" in character, but the township was eager to establish the free school system and took an active and early part in so doing.
     In 1880 it supported six good district schools and at a much earlier date boasted of an academy, "Westminster," a Presbyterian institution.  It was situated in the village of Waterford and conducted by Rev. Robert Morrison and his brother, Prof. William Morrison, both from Kentucky.  This school grew out of the division in the Presbyterian church over the subject of slavery and its proposed abolition.  Those who were opposed to that measure

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started this institution (how short-sighted) to perpetuate their views and create public opinion for their cause.  For a time it was well patronized, but after the civil war came on and, as a "war measure," as it was called by some, the slaves were declared free, this institution went down.

MOUNT VERNON COLLEGE.

     This institution of learning is conducted by the Seventy-Day Adventists and was the outgrowth of the old Mount Vernon Academy.  Many years ago there was a sanitarium established by this sect at this point, but in the conference held in Baltimore in 1893 it was decided to do away with that and convert the buildings into a school for the church.   In the fall of 1893 the school was thrown open for pupils for Ohio, but many were admitted from other sections of the country.  “Its object was to train workers for the cause of God.”  says their account of it.  The missionary cause was chief in mind in establishing this academy.  In 1905 it was thought best to enlarge and convert the academy into a college, and as such it was incorporated in March, 1905.  It is within the Columbia Union Conference and takes in many states.  There are more than two hundred Advent churches in this conference and a membership of six thousand people of this faith.  The conference contains seventeen million people, hence the need for a college teaching the doctrines of the church, as well as other things to fit men and women best to serve their Master.  Here one finds all that goes to make up a great college, conducted on modern plans.  The buildings are brick and frame; a power house, laundry, printing house, all heated by steam and lighted by electricity.  There are libraries, laboratories, a museum, etc. Literary, scientific and normal courses are here taught; also music and nurse training departments are included in the things thoroughly taught here.  None but Adventists in religious faith are accepted as students.  There are now about one hundred and eighty students enrolled in this college.
     The 1911 officers are: B. G. Wilkinson, president; S. M. Butler, secretary and treasurer; E. R. Brown, auditor.  The college is an attractive place; the fine campus and the surrounding landscape scenes are calculated to in spire one with awe and reverence for the Creator of all things.  Its location is to the east of Hiawatha Park, near the street car line from the city.

PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF MT. VERNON.

     The history of the Mt. Vernon Schools, private and public, date back to near the date of platting the village of 1805, more than a century ago.  The early records are not in existence, if indeed there were any kept.  But both  

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newspaper files and well-founded tradition makes it quite certain that the following was about the chain of schools and the principal buildings that have been used for school purposes in the city, from its earliest day:
     As a result of the determination on the part of parents in Mt. Vernon, a small log school house was erected on the southwest corner of the public square, near the line of High and Main streets, its size being about fourteen by eighteen feet and only one story high.  It was covered with clapboards nailed on; it was lighted by small windows and heated by a large old-fashioned fire-place, with no furniture but the teacher's chair and rough slab benches for pupils’ seats; desks made of boards attached to the walls, inclining inward and a little downward, on which the pupils placed their books and slates and copy books.  Pupils all sat with faces to the walls and backs to the teacher.  Such was the pioneer school house of Mt. Vernon.  The only ornament in way of wall decorations was a map of the town of Mt. Vernon, drawn by the teacher with his pen, to exhibit his skill in wielding the little instrument which he took much pride in.
     Among the very earliest to teach in this building was an Irishman named Thomas Irvine, who located here in the spring of 1811 and taught for a number of years.  In 1816 came John Roberts, from Pennsylvania, and he soon became the teacher, continuing for two seasons.  About 1818 or possibly a year or so later, this building was abandoned and where it had stood so long the market house was erected in 1832.
     Another subscription paper was circulated for the purpose of raising money with which to build the second school house for Mt. Vernon.  The committee purchased two lots on Mulberry street from John Williamson.  By the united efforts of the subscription committee, the school trustees and the members of the Masonic lodge, a neat two-story brick building was erected on the lots just named, in 1818.  The upper story was occupied by the Masonic fraternity, while the ground floor was for school purposes.  But the money ran low and its walls were left unplastered and old log and slab benches were employed same as in the log building, which condition obtained until more means could be raised.  Joseph Chapman, brother of Judge Chapman, taught several terms of school in this building.  In it, also, were held the Sunday regular religious services, making it one of the most popular of buildings in the little village of Mt. Vernon.  In 1824 it was resolved by the citizens to plaster the building.  This was done under supervision of pioneer Henry B. Curtis, and the house was also comfortably seated.  The central part of the school room was an open space, occupied by the teacher, and the classes when called out to recite.
     After the general Ohio school law was enacted the schools were under the control of the trustees of Clinton township up to 1845.   But, strange to

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relate, the common people did not take kindly to the new school law.  In fact many kept their children at home rather than sanction it.  Many of the more wealthy and aristocratic ones felt that they dare not allow their children to mingle with the rougher, poorer classes, hence they went back to the old select school plan.  It really took many years to overcome this prejudice.  In the meantime the select school and academy were immensely popular.  Rev. R. R. Sloan established such an educational institution and it was conducted more than twenty years.  Later, it was converted into a female seminary, which flourished for a few years and died a natural death for lack of attendance.
     In 1845, when Mt. Vernon was incorporated as a town by act of the Ohio Legislature, the schools went into the hands of the mayor and council, each ward becoming a sub-district, the councilman being director from his district-ward.  Old records show that in September, 1845, these directors met and agreed on paying the sum of twenty-two dollars per month to instructors who should provide themselves with a suitable room, fuel and furniture to be approved by the directors.  It was also provided that when the district found any part of these school furnishings that the wages should be proportionately less.  Another provision was that the people and the directors themselves should reserve the right to visit the schools and to cause the discharge of any teacher for good reasons, at any date in the term, when no further pay should be collected.  After a time, the brick school building on the square, which was badly run down, was leased to Rev. R. R. Sloan and John K.  True, for educational purposes, with the understanding that it should be suitably repaired.  Thus the old building was leased for a term of fifteen years, and the schools of Mt. Vernon forever taken from the hands of the mayor and town council.
     The members of the board of education appointed by the town council met in April, 1856, Samuel Israel being president, and Joseph F. Davis was made clerk of the new board.  In June, the same year, they resolved "That this board fix, as their estimate of the probable cost of a suitable public school building, the sum of ten thousand dollars.”
     An election was duly called and held and at such election there were five hundred thirty-eight ballots cast, of which all but thirty-two were favor able for the erection of a union and high school, as it was then called.  It also called for the purchase of lots known as the George W. True site, at a cost of four thousand five hundred dollars, which lots were eight in number.  This being out of the way, the matter of fixing teachers’ wages came before the board and it was decided to pay forty dollars to men and twenty-five to women, which was a great step forward and insured a good grade of instructors, for those days.  In October, 1857, the bids were opened for the erection

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of the new central or union school building.  Out of eight bids, that of Henry Haller and Joseph Gardner was accepted.  The building was to be completed in August, 1859.  When all sized up and provided for use, the lots, building and furniture cost the city districts the sum of about thirty thousand dollars.  William Mitchell was secured as the head of the first union school.  He established four grades, primary, secondary, grammar and high school.  The school year was fixed at ten months, the first term to begin in the first week in September.  Thirteen teachers were then engaged and the new system prospered from the very start.  In 1867 the grades were changed and a new course of study was introduced and later other necessary changes were effected.
     In 1873 there was commenced a new two-story brick building, with four large, comfortable rooms; this was finished in the autumn of 1874.  This building was the one erected on a very fine, elevated site, at the west end of North street in the fifth ward of the city, purchased of Dr. J. W. Russell.  Fowler & Armstrong were the main contractors.
     In 1877 another neat two-story brick school house was built in the second ward, southeast corner of Scott and Vine streets.  O. W. Hubbel was the contractor.
     The above facts have been largely extracted from a lengthy article on Mt. Vernon schools written by Joseph S. Davis, A. M., about 1880, and brought the matters up to that date, which are of interest, coming, they do, from one so well versed in school history here in Mt. Vernon.
     Since 1877, when the last school house he speaks of was erected, there have been the following erected:
     the old third ward school building was torn down in 1883 and a new structure erected, costing thirteen thousand dollars.  this is on Chestnut street.
     The fourth ward building was enlarged in 1892.  This is near the Baltimore & Ohio depot.
     The high school building, erected in 1858 at a cost of thirty thousand dollar, was added to in 1902-3, making it a very large, well planned school building and centrally located.  It stands on the corner of Mulberry and Hamtramck streets.
     The second ward, now called the Davis school house, was built in 1875-6 and is situated on Lamartine street.  It was named in honor of Judge Davis, who served many years as a member of the board of education.  It is still in use and a well preserved building, too.
     At this date (October, 1911) the superintendent of the city schools, Prof. J. S. Alan, gives the statement that the following have served as superin-

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tendents since 1879, when R. B. Marsh was in charge: 1879-83, R. B. Marsh; 1883-89, Jacob A. Shawan; 1889-1898, Lewis S. Bonebrake; 1898-1905, John K. Baxter; 1905-07, Joshua G. Leland, 1907 and still serving acceptably, John S. Alan.
     The total number of graduates in the history of the school, eight hundred and seven; number of graduates in 1911, forty-four. 
     There are now employed forty-five teachers in the city schools, thirty-five in elementary and ten in high school work.  Prof. Alan receives the sum of two thousand dollars per year for his services.

SCHOOLS IN GENERAL.

     At the close of 1910, Knox county had the following showing in the state school reports:
     Number of township districts, 111; separate districts, with elementary schools in, 8 and with high schools in, 9; total number of school rooms, 214.
     The same authority gave the school property a valuation of almost $600,000.
     As to the teachers, employed at that season it may be stated that the total in the county was 210, and the wages run as follows:  In the elementary schools men received $43 and women $41 per month; in the high schools men received $85 and women $65.  The total different teachers that year was 215.
     The county contained children of school age, 7,610; the grand total of enrollment was 5,705 for the 1910 school year.  There were ten high schools in the county at date last mentioned, all doing excellent educational work.  The total receipts for school purposes that year was $116,000.
     The above is in marked contrast to other decades when the county was in a state of growth and development and school houses were few and far between.  Knox may justly be proud of her common schools and other higher educational institutions.  This people believe education is worth more to the child than an easy time and the possessor of many “golden spoons!”

HIGH SCHOOLS OF COUNTY.

     Amity - Grades, three; salary of superintendent, $700; high school houses in district, one; number of rooms, four; teachers, four; wages, $82.
     Bladensburg - Salary of superintendent, $500; school rooms in district, four; value of school property, $2,500; teachers, two; average for wages, women, $42; men, $62.

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     Centerburg - Grades, one; salary of superintendent, $1,500; school rooms in district, seven; value school property, $10,000; wages for men, $111; women, $75.
     College township - Grades, one; salary of superintendent, $800; school rooms of district, six; value of school property, $35,000; wages men, $85; women, $45.
     Danville, Buckeye City - Grade, one; salary of superintendent, $792; school houses in district, six; valuation school property, $30,000; wages, men, $100; women $65.
     Fredericktown - Grade, one; salary of superintendent, $1,200; schoolrooms in district, ten; value school property, $30,000; men's wages, 4100, women's wages, $65.
     Gann - Grades, two; salary superintendent, $588; schoolrooms, two - value school property, $3,000; wages of men, $75, women, $40.
     Howard - Grades, three; salary of superintendent, $640; schoolrooms, four; value school property, $10,000; ages, men $74.
     Jelloway - Grades, three; salary superintendent, $640; schoolrooms in district, three; value of school property, $8,000; wages for men, $80.
     Martinsburg - Grades, two.
     Mount Vernon has special instructors as follows:  Music Penmanship, and the wages for each trader is, penmanship, $75; music, $85.

BOOKS IN LIBRARY

COLLEGES AND PARISH SCHOOLS.

     In Knox county there are now the following colleges and parish schools Kenyon College (Episcopal), with thirty-two students from other than the state of Ohio; expense to students aside from board, $125; located at Gambier, College township; founded in 1824; number instructors, fourteen; number in attendance 1910-11, 125; volumes in library, 47,000.
     St. Vincent de Paul (Catholic), located at Mt. Vernon, Ohio; 251 students in 1910.
     In Mt. Vernon is located a modern business college, where both sexes may receive a thorough business and commercial education.
     The Mt. Vernon College is the latest school established, being the institution of the Seventh-Day Adventists.  See its history elsewhere.

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