PRIMITIVE COURT SCENES.

     The lawyers and judges in the earliest period of our civil history performed their duties under very different scenes and conditions from those which now prevail.  A brief description of these has come down to us in a small History of the State of Ohio, published at Cincinnati, as far back as 1838, by Caleb
Atwater, A. M., who was himself in his younger days, an eye-witness to that which he relates.  He says:
     "The president judge and the lawyers travelled their circuits holding courts.  When arrived at the shire town the lawyers and judges were all generally thrown together into one room in a log tavern and slept under the same roof, and some of them very near it.  The food was generally cooked out of doors, and the court house was not unfrequently some log cabin in the woods without a floor in it.  We have seen a constable with a grand jury sitting under a tree, and the constable keeping off the crowd, so as to prevent their hearing the testimony of witnesses before the jury.  Another constable was guarding a petit jury under some other tree while they were deliberating on their verdict.  And when a new county was organized the newly-elected judges, juries, etc., had to be instructed in their duties by the presiding judge and the state's attorney.  These things are all in our recollection, fresh, and distinctly remembered."
     He further says:
     "Judges and lawyers rode from court to court and carried their provisions or starved on the route.  Though they generally got into some settlement before nightfall, yet not always, as we shall long remember.  When the streams were swelled with rain they swam every stream in their way."
     If such conditions now prevailed, a certificate of natatorial proficiency would probably be made a sine qua non of graduation in every law school course.

FIRST COURT IN TRUMBULL COUNTY.

     The first court in Trumbull county after its organization, convened in Warren at 4:00 p. m., on Monday, Aug. 25, 1800.  It was 'held in primitive fashion between the corn cribs of Mr. Quinby, which stood where Main street passes in front of the Cleveland and Mahoning passenger station.  Here the judge and justices of the county took the oath of office, and proceeded to open the court of .Quarter Sessions and Court of Common Pleas, agreeable to the order of the Governor.  They also divided the county into eight townships and appointed constables in each.  A venire was issued to summon eighteen persons as grand jurors. Information was lodged by the 'state's attorney against Joseph McMahon and Richard Storer.  On the 26th the jury found indictments against each of them for the murder of two Indians at the Salt Springs, and processes were ordered to be issued against them, to be apprehended and held in close custody until the Governor should order a court of Oyer and Terminer to be held to try them.  The witnesses were recognized to attend said court.  The court sessions lasted until noon on the 29th.  The civil officers for the county were as follows: John Young, Turhand Kirtland, Camden Cleveland, James Kingsbury and Eliphalet Austin, esquires, justices of the peace and quorum; John Leavitt, Esq., judge .of probate and justice of the peace; Solomon Griswold, Martin Smith, John Struthers, Caleb Baldwin, Calvin Austin, Edward Brockway, John Kinsman, Benjamin Davison, Ephraim Quinby, Ebenezer Sheldon, David Hudson, Aaron Wheeler, Amos Spafford, Moses Park, and John Minor, esquires, justices of the peace. Calvin Pease, Esq.. clerk; David Abbot, Esq., sheriff; John Hart Adgate, coroner; Eliphalet Austin, Esq., treasurer; John Stark Edwards, Esq., recorder.
     The following persons were impaneled and sworn on the grand jury: Simon Perkins, foreman; Benjamin Stow, Samuel Menough, Hawley Tanner, Charles Daly, Ebenezer King, William . Cecil, John Hart Adgate, Henry Lane, Jonathan Church, Jeremiah Wilcox, John Partridge Bissell, Isaac Palmer, George Phelps, Samuel Quinby, and Moses Park. George Tod, Esq., was appointed by the court to prosecute the pleas of the United States, the present session, and took the oath of office.  It was also ordered by the court that the private seal of the clerk should be considered the seal of the county, and be affixed and recognized as such till a public seal could be procured.  A committee was appointed by the court to divide the county of Trumbull into townships; their subsequent report describing the limits of the townships of Warren, Youngstown, Hudson, Vernon, Middlefield, Richfield, Payneville, and Cleveland, was accepted.  The court appointed Turhand Kirtland, John Kinsman and Calvin Austin, esquires, a committee to fix upon and provide some proper place for a temporary jail, until a public jail could be erected.  This committee reported that the room in the southwest corner of the house of Ephraim Quimby, Esq., was a convenient and proper place for a temporary jail, and the report was so accepted by the court, and it was ordered accordingly. Certain limits were also assigned, embracing land around the jail, and called "the liberties of the prison," within which a prisoner on good behavior and his parole was allowed to walk.  The court also appointed constables for the respective townships to serve "for the present year," James Hillman being appointed for the township of Youngstown.  On motion of Judge Kirtland, the court ordered that Jonathan Fowler be recommended to the Governor of this territory as a fit person to keep a public house of entertainment in the town of Youngstown, on his complying with the requisites of the law.  A similar order, on motion of Mr. Edwards, was made out in favor of Ephraim Quinby, of the town of Warren.
     Benjamin Davison, Esq., Ephraim Quinby, Esq., John Bently, and John Lane were bound over in the penal sum of $200 each to appear before the next court of Oyer and Terminer "to testify the truth between the United States and Joseph McMahon on an indictment for

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murder; and also between the United States and Richard Storer on an indictment for murder."
     The session ended with an order by the court "that the clerk be authorized to procure a public seal for the county of Trumbull, of such a size and with such device as he shall deem proper, at the expense of the county."

OTHER COURT SESSIONS.

     At the next session of court on the Reserve  it was "ordered by the court that the county of Trumbull be divided into districts for the purpose of carrying into effect the territorial tax upon land, and that each town (as the towns were established by the court in August last shall constitute one district, and that each district shall bear the same name with the town which constitutes it," Calvin Pease, clerk.  It was also "ordered by the court that the county of Trumbull be divided into two election districts; that the towns of Middlefield, Richfield, Paynesville, and Cleveland shall constitute the northern division, and that the house erected by Mr. Simon Perkins at the intersection of Youngs road and the Lake road, be the place for holding elections in the northern district.  And that the towns of Youngstown, Warren, Hudson and Vernon shall constitute the southern district, and that the house of Ephraim Ouinby, Esq., in Warren, shall be the place of election."  C. Pease, clerk.
     "Ordered by the court that the sum of two dollars shall be paid out of the treasury of the county as a reward for each and every wild wolf, of the age of six months and upward, that shall be killed within this county, to the person killing the same; and the sum of one dollar for each and every wolf under six months, that shall be killed in this county, to the person killing the same; under the restrictions and regulations of an act of this territory entitled, 'An Act to Encourage the Killing of Wolves.'" Calvin Pease, clerk.
     A committee composed of David Abbott, Samuel Woodruff, Uriel Holmes, jr., and Simon Perkins, that bad been appointed to draft the plan of a jail, having made report, the said report was accepted, with a slight alteration by the court, and Mr. Simon Perkins was appointed "to superintend of the building of said jail, and to carry into effect such contract as the court of Quarter Sessions shall make with any person or persons for the building thereof."
     Later sessions were held once or twice a year, though with no great regularity, and their transactions generally concerned the laying out of roads and the trying of a few assault and battery cases, which are of no interest to the public.

FIRST COURT OF MAHONING COUNTY.

     Mahoning county was organized in 1846, with Canfield as the county seat.  In the act of incorporation it was stipulated that "the court of common pleas and supreme court of said county shall be holden at some convenient house in the town of Canfield until suitable county buildings shall be erected."  The trustees of the Methodist Episcopal church tendered their building for the purpose, their offer being accepted.  James Brownlee of Poland, James Wallace of Springfield, and Lemuel Brigham of Ellsworth, were designated by the legislature to act as associate justices until an election should be held.  They convened for the first time Mar. 16, 1846, in the office of Elisha Whittlesey, in Canfield.  Hon. Eben Newton, at that time presiding judge of the circuit, administered the oath of office. Henry J. Canfield was chosen clerk pro tern.  Some probate business was disposed of, and the county was divided into four assessment districts, with Thomas McGilligen, James McClelland, Samuel Hardman and Herman A. Doud as assessors.
     The first regular term of the court of Common Pleas was held May 11, 1846, with Hon. Eben Newton of Canfield as president judge, assisted by the associate justices before mentioned.  William Ferguson, of Youngstown, was prosecuting attorney, and James Powers, of Milton, sheriff.  By request of the sheriff.  Ransford Percival and John C. Fitch were appointed his deputies.  There were nineteen

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cases on the docket when the court opened and thirty-seven when it adjourned at the end of the term, which lasted three days.  No case was tried to a jury.  There were some decisions affecting the partition and sale of real estate; one judgment was rendered on confession; eight wills were proved; eight guardians of minors appointed, and administrators appointed on eleven estates.  The court appointed Robert W.Tayler, James B. Blacksom and John M. Edwards master commissioners in chancery; Hiram A. Hall, John M. Edwards, and Reuben McMillen were appointed as school examiners, and John Kirk and Andrew as auctioneers.  William W. Whittlesey, of Canfield, on the last day of the term, was elected clerk for five years, and gave bond in the sum of $10,000.
     The first term of court was an event of some importance in Canfield, and was largely attended, not only by lawyers from this and neighboring counties, but also by citizens from all parts of the county.  The terms of court continued to be held in the Methodist church until the fall term of 1847, by which time the new court house, which had been erected by the citizens of Canfield, in accordance with the provisions of the Act of Feb. 16, 1846, was ready for occupancy.
     After the removal of the county seat to Youngstown in August, 1876, an account of which has been given in a previous chapter, the first term of the Court of Common Pleas was held in the new court house at that city.  It commenced September 10, and adjourned Dec. 19, 1876.  Hon. Philip B. Conant of Ravena, was judge, Henry B. Shields, clerk; John R. Davis, sheriff; and Charles R. Truesdale, prosecuting attorney.  There were 722 cases on the docket when court opened, of which 674 were civil and 48 criminal.  At the close of the term, including those disposed of, the number of civil cases was 953, criminal cases 135, total 1,058.

BIOGRAPHICAL.

     HON. GEORGE TOD. - The biographical history of the Mahoning County bar begins naturally with George Tod, the pioneer lawyer of Youngstown....  He was born in Suffield, Conn., Dec. 11, 1773, son of David and Rachel (Kent) Todd.  After graduating from Yale College in 1795, he taught school for a while at New Haven, Conn.  He then read law at the law school of Judge Reeves, in Litchfield, Conn., and was subsequently admitted to the bar.  In October, 1797, he was married, at New Haven, Conn., to Miss Sally Isaacs, who was born in 1778, a daughter of Ralph and Mary Isaacs.  Their two eldest children- Charlotte L. and Jonathan I. Tod - were there born.  In 1801, after first making a preliminary visit, he removed with his wife and children to Youngstown, being the first lawyer to settle here, and one of the earliest on the Reserve.  His talents were soon recognized.  At the first territorial court of Trumbull county, held in August, 1800, at the time of his first visit, he was appointed prosecuting attorney, and took the oath of office.  In that capacity, in September following, he appeared in behalf of the United States against Joseph McMahon, indicted for the murder of Captain George, an Indian, at the Salt Springs, on the 20th of July preceding.  In 1801 he was appointed by Govornor St. Clair, territorial secretary.  He was three times elected township clerk - in 1802, 1803 and 1804.  In 1804-5 he was senator from Trumbull county in the state legislature, and again in 1810-11.  In 1806 he was elected judge of the supreme court of the state.  In the war of 1812 he was commissioned major and afterwards colonel of the Nineteenth Regiment of Ohio militia, and served with distinction at Fort Meigs and Sackett's Harbor.  In 1815 he was elected president judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the old Third circuit, and held the office until 1829.  He was subsequently elected prosecuting attorney of Trumbull county and held the office for one term.  His latter years were devoted to the care of his large farm, at Brier Hill, which afterwards became celebrated for its deposit of fine mineral coal, developed by his son David, who was Governor of Ohio, 1861-63.  Mr. Tod died at Brier Hill, Apr. 11, 1841, widely honored and re-

[pg. 283]
spected.  As a lawyer and judge he ranked among the first in the state.  He was followed a few years later by his wife, who died at Brier Hill, Sept. 29, 1847.

     HON. SAMUEL HUNTINGTON was born in Norwich, Connecticut, in 1765.  He graduated from Yale College at the age of twenty years.  He read law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced law for several years thereafter in his native town.  In 1800 he made a visit to Ohio, reaching Youngstown on horseback, July 25th.  He was so well pleased with the Reserve that he determined to settle here.  Before his return to Connecticut he visited Marietta, where, the territorial court being in session, he was admitted to the bar of Ohio. It is said that he was present with Governor St. Clair, as counsel, at the trial of Joseph McMahon for the murder of Captain George, an Indian, though on which side or whether as advisory counsel to the Governor, is not known.  He returned to Norwich on horseback in the fall.  In the following spring he came back to Youngstown, bringing with him his wife, and family in a covered wagon.  He remained but a year or two in Youngstown, after which he removed to Cleveland, Ohio.  In 1801 he was appointed by Governor St. Clair, lieutenant-colonel of the Trumbull county militia, and in January, 1802, was commissioned a justice of the court of Quarter Sessions, of which he became the presiding officer, He was a member of the convention which formed the first constitution of Ohio, and on its adoption was elected Senator from Trumbull county, in the first General Assembly, which convened at Chillicothe, in March, 1803.  On Apr. 2, 1804, he was elected by the Legislature a judge of the Supreme Court, his commission, signed by Governor Tiffin, being the first issued in the name of the State of Ohio.  He was in the State Legislature, as representative from Geauga county, in 1811-12.  In the War of 1812 he served two years in the Northwestern army, as district paymaster, with the rank of colonel.  He died on his farm at Painesille, in February, 1817.  He was greatly respected as a man of large business capacity, and of unsullied personal character.

     HOMER HINE was born in New Milford, Conn., July 25, 1776, of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His great-grandfather, who was the founder of the family in this country, was one of the early settlers of Milford, Conn.  James Hine, the grandfather of Homer, was born in Milford in 1696, and removed in early manhoods to New Milford, where he married Margaret Noble. He had two sons—Austin and Noble —and several daughters.  The son. Noble, was a colonel of Connecticut militia in the Revolutionary war.  He had three sons, including the subject of this sketch, and six daughters.  The youngest daughter, Sophia, became the wife of Rev. Charles A. Boardman, who was for many years pastor of the First Presbyterian church of Youngstown, Ohio.

    HON. CALVIN PEASE

     PERLEE BRUSH

     ELISHA WHITTLESEY

     HON. EBEN NEWTON

     HON. ROBERT W. TAYLER

     HON. DAVID TOD

     HENRY J. CANFIELD

     HON. BENJAMIN F. HOFFMAN

     JOHN M. EDWARDS

     DAVID M. WILSON

     WILLIAM G. MOORE

     GEN. THOMAS W. SANDERSON

     ASAHEL W. JONES

     HON. LAURIN D. WOODWORTH

     HALSEY H. MOSES

     LEROY D. THOMAN

     ISAAC A. JUSTICE

     WALTER L. CAMPBELL

     SIDNEY STRONG

     JARED HUXLEY

     ALBERT J. WOOLF

     JOHN H. CLARK

     CLATE A. SMITH

     VOLNEY ROGERS

     HON. DISNEY ROGERS

     HON. LOUIS W. KING

     HENRY C. CASSIDY

     JOHN J. BUTLER

     ROBERT B. MURRAY was born in Youngstown, Ohio, Mar. 6, 1843, son of Ira and Hannah (Carothem) Murray.  He attended the public schools of this city, was a student at Allegheny College, Meadville, Pennsylvania, and afterwards attended Ann Arbor University, Michigan, for about two years.  Six years of his life were devoted to teaching, during which he was principal of the Union School at Mercer, Pennsylvania, and of the academy, at Meadville, Pennsylvania.  He pursued the study of law at intervals, and was admitted to the bar at Canfield, in September, 1867.  He at once began practice in Youngstown, and continued alone until 1870, when he entered into partnership with Asahel W. Jones, under the name of Jones & Murray.  This connection was subsequently dissolved and Mr. Murray resumed private practice.
     Mr. Murray was married in 1872 to Miss Sophia Bond, of Genessee, New York.  She died Nov. 19, 1895. Jan. 30, 1897, he married for his second wife. Wealthy A. Darby, of Meadville, Pennsylvania.  A fuller biography of Mr. Murray may be found on another page of this volume.

     HON. GEORGE F. ARREL

     CHARLES R. TRUESDALE

     WILLIAM J. LAWTHERS

     MASON EVANS

     CECIL D. HINE

     MOSES H. BURKY

     WILLIAM S. ANDERSON

     WILLIAM T. GIBSON

     FRANK JACOBS was born in Youngstown, Ohio, May 22, 1855, son of Philip and Sally (Kimmel) Jacobs.  He was graduated at the Albany Law School, Mar. 26, 1877, and admitted to the bar in Youngstown Mar. 26, 1878, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession.  Further biographical mention of Mr. Jacobs may be found elsewhere in this work.

     I. BARCLAY MILLER was born Jan. 16, 1850, in Mahoning county, Ohio, son of Joseph and Jane (Jones) Miller.  He was mainly educated in Youngstown, and was graduated at the Rayen School in 1872.  He read law with Gen. T. W. Sanderson and was admitted to the bar at Canfield in 1873.  He has since successfully practiced his profession in Youngstown, his present location being at No. 115 W. Federal street.  While serving as justice of the peace he was elected mayor of Youngstown, and gave the city a sound business administration.  In October, 1874, he married Miss Ella J. Coombs, of Youngstown.  A further biographical reference to Mr. Miller will be found on another page of this work.

     JAMES P. WILSON

     BENJAMIN F. WIRT

     HON. JAMES KENNEDY

     L. H. E. LOWRY

     HON. JOSEPH R. JOHNSTON

     HON. JAMES B. KENNEDY

     MELVIN CARY McNAB

     WILLIAM A. MALINE

     SIDNEY de LAMAR JACKSON

     WILLIAM McK. OSBORN

     HALBERT B. CASE

     HENRY G. LESLIE

     JAMES B. BLOCKSOM

     ENSIGN CHURCH BLOCKSOM

     EMIL J. ANDERSON

     W. NOBLE ANDERSON

     WILLIAM N. ASHBAUGH

     LEROY A. MANCHSTER

     JOHN S. ROLLER

     WILLIAM P. BARNUM, JR.

     HAROLD L. BEARD

     RALPH A. BEARD, senior partner of the law firm of Beard & Beard, was born in Beaver township, Mahoning county, Ohio, Sept. 10, 1871.  He studied law with M. C. McNab, and was admitted to the bar Mar. 11, 1897.  He has since been engaged in the practice of law in Youngstown since June 1, 1903, in partnership with his brother Harold L., in the firm of Beard & Beard.  He has made a special study of criminal law, but is engaged in general practice.

     JOHN J. BOYLE was born in Hubbard, Trumbull county, Ohio, July 7, 1876.  He read law with A. J. Woolf, and spent a similar length of time in the law department of the Western Reserve University.  He was admitted to the bar in June, 1902, and had since been engaged in general law practice in Youngstown.  His office is in the Malony block.

     D. J. HARTWELL was born in Tryonville, Crawford county, Pennsylvania, Apr. 19, 1855,  He read law with Judge J. E. Pickering at Warren, Ohio, and was admitted to the bar June 7, 1888.  From that time until 1890 he practice law in Hubbard, Ohio, but since the date last named he has followed his profession in Youngstown.  He is located at No. 115, West Federal street.

     THEODORE A. JOHNSON was born at Decatur, Indiana, in 1870.  He read law with E. S. Atherton at Durand, Michigan, and with Frank Jacobs in Youngstown, Ohio.  He was admitted to the bar Dec. 22, 1905, and has since practiced in Youngstown, making a specialty of real property and negligence cases.  He has served as attorney for the Retail Grocers' Association.  His office is in the Dollar Bank Building.

     GEORGE J. CAREW

     ROBERT C. HUEY

     C. H. BAKER

     WILLIAM W. ZIMMERMAN

     MAX E. BRUNSWICK

     CHARLES W. GILGEN

     ARTHUR E. BURKY was born in Youngstown, Ohio, Aug. 12, 1877.  He read law with his father, M. H. Burky,and was admitted to the bar Oct. 14, 1899.  He is engaged in general law practice with his father under the firm name of Burky & Burky.

     GEORGE EDWARDS was born at Coalburg, Trumbull county, Ohio, Sept. 8, 1871.  He read law with A. J. Woolf, and was admitted to the bar June 8, 1893.  He has since been engaged in general law practice in Youngstown.  In April, 1896, he was elected a justice of hte peace and served one term.  He has an office in the Dollar Bank Building.

     VENICE J. LAMB was born in Youngstown, Ohio, Oct. 1, 1879.  He read law at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and with Emil J. Anderson of Youngstown, Ohio.  He was admitted to the bar Dec. 21, 1906, and has since practiced his profession in Youngstown, having an office in the Dollar Bank Building.

     EDWARD E. MILLER was born in Ohltown, Ohio, Dec. 27, 1869.  He studied law with Hinkley & Rice at Warren, Pensylvania, where he was admitted to the bar.  He then pursued, further studies under the tuition of Geo. F. Arrel, and was admitted to the bar of Ohio at Columbus in April, 1905.  In the same year he formed a partnership with J. P. Huxley, under the style of Miller & Huxley, which firm is now engaged in general law practice, with offices in the Dollar Bank Building.  In 1899-01900 Mr. Miller held office as deputy revenue collector, during which time he suspended law practice.

     FRANK L. ZIMMERMAN

     PAUL J. JONES

     F. R. HAHN

     HERMAN BRANDMILLER

     HON. ANTHONY B. CALVIN

     CLYDE W. OSBORNE

     DAVID G. JENKINS

     JOHN HENRY CHALMER LYON

     STEPHEN L. CLARK

     AARON ESTERLY was born in Columbiana, Ohio, Oct. 22, 1858.  He read law with Hiram G. Bye, and was admitted to the bar June 17, 1902.  He has an office in the Dollar Bank Building, where he is engaged in the general practice of law.

     CURTIS A. MANCHESTER

     CHARLES KOONCE, JR., was born at Lewisburgh, Pennsylvania, Nov. 23, 1869.  He studied law under William Zimmerman and was admitted to the bar in Ohio in June, 1894.  He is engaged in general practice, his office being located in the Maloney building, Youngstown.

     HON. JOHN CALVIN EWING

     ROY I. GUTHMAN

     W. W. WATSON

     BRAINARD SPENCER HIGLEY

     WALTER C. McKAIN

     EMERY F. LYNN

     HORACE T. SMITH

     MARK L. GUNLEFINGER was born at Warren, Ohio, acquired his knowledge of law at the Cincinnati Law School, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1904.  He has since been engaged in the practice of law in Youngstown, his office being in the Maloney Block.

     JAMES V. MURPHY was born in Columbiana county, Ohio, Oct. 25, 1875.  He read law with L. T. Farr, attended the Western Reserve Law School one year, and was admitted to the bar June 4, 1902.  He is engaged in general law practice, being associated with the firm of Norris, Jackson & Rose, of Youngstown.

     THOMAS L. ROBINSON was born in Ravenna, Ohio, studied law at the University of Michigan, and was admitted to the bar in 1902.  He is a member of the well-known law firm of Hine, Kennedy & Robinson.

     FRANK L. OESCH was born at North Georgetown, Columbiana county, Ohio, Feb. 16, 1870.  He read law with Hon. E. H. Moore of Youngstown, and was admitted to the bar Oct. 14, 1897.  He has since practiced his profession in Youngstown, since 1901 in partnership with U. F. Kistler, under the firm name of Kistler & Oesch  Jan. 1, 1906, Mr. Oesch became city solicitor of Youngstown.

     GUY TAYLOR OHL

     EARL G. SCOTT

     JOHN IRVING WILLIAMS, JR.

     WILLIAM M. OUSLEY

     JOHN SCHLARB

     BENJAMIN O. SHULMAN

     JOSEPH F. WILLIAMS

     WILLIAM R. STEWART

     WILLIAM HARRISON WOOLF

     H. H. SMITH

    JOHN T. HARRINGTON

     D. F. ANDERSON

     THOMAS E. CONNELL

     HON. DAVID F. GRIFFITH

     A. J. GILLESPIE

     STEPHEN S. CONROY, JR.

     MYRON A. NORRIS

     HON. GEORGE E. ROSE

     A. W. CRAVER

     HON. EDMOND H. MOORE

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read law with his father, Alexander F. Moore, and was admitted to the bar in 1884, but did not begin practice till 1891.  He was associated for a time with A. J. Woolf and others.   On Jan. 1, 1904, he entered into partnership "with Mr. Craver, under the firm name of Moore & Craver.  Mr. Moore has been identified with Democratic party councils for a number of years.  Elected mayor of Youngstown in 1896, he gave the city a very creditable |administration.

     WILLIAM R. GRAHAM, prosecuting attorney of Mahoning county, was born in 1864, near Lowellville, Ohio,  just over the Pennsylvania line.  He acquired his literary education at Grove City College, and then entered the Cincinnati Law School, where he graduated in 1889.  In August of the same year he began the practice of law in Youngstown, and soon became associated as a partner with Judge James B. Kennedy.  In 1896 Mr. Kennedy was elected to the common pleas bench, and Mr. Graham subsequently practiced alone until 'his first election as prosecuting attorney in the fall of 1902. In the fall of 1905 he was re-elected to this office, in which he has shown a high measure of ability.  The reader will find mention of Mr. Graham elsewhere in this work.

     ENSIGN N. BROWN was born in 1854 at Canfield, Ohio.  He was reared and educated in New York City, where his father was a merchant.  In 1878 he returned to Canfield, and at ;the desire of his maternal grandfather, Hon. Eben Newton, entered upon the study of law in the office of Van Hyning & Johnston.  Admitted to the bar of Ohio at Columbus in 1880 he settled in Youngstown, where he has since remained, and has gained a high standing in his profession.  He is a member of the Law Library Association.  A biographical sketch of Mr. Brown will be found on another page of this volume.

     GEORGE H. GLAZZARD was born in England, Oct. 31, 1864, a son of George Glazzard.  He came to Youngstown with his father in 1866.  He was educated in the public schools of this city and at the Northeastern Ohio Normal School at Canfield, Ohio, on leaving which he taught school for a short time.  He read law with James P. Wilson, was admitted to the bar Mar. 11, 1897, and began the practice of his profession at Youngstown, where he has since remained, having built up a good practice.  He has been an active worker in the Republican party, giving up a part of his time to promoting the success of its candidates.  A more detailed reference to Mr. Glazzard may be found elsewhere in this work.

     JOHN J. HAMILTON, a prominent lawyer and business man of Youngstown, is a native of Pennsylvania.  He was educated at the Poland Union Seminary, and came to Youngstown in 1888.  He began the study of law with A. W. Jones and W. S. Anderson and was admitted to the bar June 4, 1891.  Soon after he became associated as partner with the firm of Wilson & McNab, which then became Wilson, McNab & Hamilton.  June 1, 1906, this partnership was dissolved and since then Mr. Hamilton has practiced alone.  He is identified with numerous important business interests of Youngstown, as officer, director, or stockholder.  A further sketch of Mr. Hamilton appears elsewhere in this volume.

     U. F. KISTLER was born in 1865 near Cornersberg, Boardman township, Mahoning county, Ohio, a son of Joseph Kistler.  He attended school in Boardman and Canfield, and subsequently spent ten years in teaching.  He read law with R. B. Murray of Youngstown, and was admitted to the bar  in 1894.  In 1902 he entered into partnership with F. L. Oesch, under the style of Kistler & Oesch, which firm still continues.

     HON. FRANK L. BALDWIN, mayor of Youngstown, Ohio, was born in this city June 29, 1863, son of Timothy Dwight and Lucretia (Manning) Baldwin.  An account of his ancestry will be found in a separate sketch in another part of this volume.  He was educated in Youngstown and Cleveland, Ohio, read law with Hine & Clarke, and was admitted to the bar in 1889.  In 1905 he was elected mayor of Youngstown in which office he is still serving.  He was married, in 1890.  to Miss Bessy Graham, of Indianapolis, Indiana, who died Mar. 28, 1894, Mr. Baldwin

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is a popular member of various fraternal societies in Youngstown, including the Free Masons,  Odd Fellows. Knights of Pythias.  Eagles and others.

     SAMUEL M. THOMPSON was born June 28, 1861, in Lawrence county, Pennsylvania.  He attended the Fayette Normal school, and in 1891 was graduated at the Cincinnati Law School.  Soon after he came to Youngstown, wliere he has since resided, engaged in the practice of his profession, and in other business duties.  He is a director in the Home Savings & Land Company and in the C. O. Mayberry Company.  He was married in October, 1894, to Blanche Thompson, of Lawrence county, Pennsylvania, and has three children—Kenneth L., Wayne C. and Florence Jane.

     DAVID STEINER came to Youngstown with his parents about 1885, when a lad of ten years.  He attended the public schools, being graduated from the High school in 1896.  He then entered the New York Law School from which he was graduated in 1898.  After reading law for two years more in the office of Norris & Wirt he was admitted to the Ohio bar at Columbus in December, 1900.  He at once located in Youngstown where he has since been engaged in the successful practice of his profession.  He is a member of several fraternal orders.

     JAMES E. NEVIN was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, May 28, 1858.  He was educated in the public schools of his native county, at Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio, the National School of Elocution and Oratory, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and at Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.  He spent several years teaching, as principal of schools in Columbiana county, and for a while practiced law at Omaha, Nebraska.  In 1899 be came to Youngstown, of which city he has since remained a resident.  He is interested as a capitalist in various business enterprises, is president of the Cambrian Oil Company, and a leading officer in other organizations.  By his marriage to Elizabeth Beattie, of St. Louis, Sept. 3, 1890, he has three sons—Kirkwood S., Robert B., and James E., Jr.

     GORDON COOK

     JAMES M. McKAY

     JOHN E. McVEY

     H. G. BYE

     HARRY A. ERNST

     JOHN WELLINGTON DAVIS

     THOMAS McNAMARA, JR.

     CHARLES F. SCHLARB was born in Tuscarawas, Ohio, Mar. 25, 1875.  He attended the

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Ada Law School, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1905, at Columbus, Ohio.  He has since practiced his profession at Youngstown in partnership with his brother John, under the firm name of Schlarb & Schlarb.

     JARED P. HUXLEY

     ABRAHAM B. LIVINGSTONE

     MICHAEL LIVINGSTONE was born in Youngstown, Ohio, Jan. 26, 1869, son of Simon and Fanny (Brunswick) Livingstone.  He acquired his literary education in the schools of Youngstown, and read law with the firm of Hine & Clark, that city.  Admitted to the bar at Columbus, Ohio, in October, 1891, he has since practiced hsi profession in Youngstown.  He is in partnership with his brother Abraham, in the firm of Livingstone & Livingstone.

     FRED J. HEIM

     In addition to the members of the Mahoning county bar already mentioned there have been others who practiced for a while, but who have moved away, discontinued practice or are now deceased.  To these but brief allusion will be made.

     EDWARD ROCKWELL, a native of Connecticut, where he was admitted to the bar, came to Youngstown in 1827, and practiced here several years.  He was at one time justice of the peace.  He removed to Cleveland about 1855.

     WILLIAM FERGUSON born in Trumbull county, Ohio, was admitted to the bar at Warren, Ohio, about 1844, and commenced practice in Youngstown.  He was elected prosecuting attorney of Mahoning county in 1846 at the special election held after the organization of the county; and was re-elected at teh annual election held in October o that year.  In 1853 he removed to DeWitt, Clinton county, Iowa, where he died in 1862.

     RIDGELEY J. POWERS

     WILLIS W. POWERS

     FRANCIS E. HUTCHINS

     WILLIAM L. BROWN born in New England came to Canfield, Ohio, when quite young.  He read law and was admitted to the bar in

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1863.  He went to Montana, where he remained for several years.  Then returning to Youngstown he engaged in practicing law and became publisher of the Youngstown Vindicator.  About 1879 he sold out his interests here and removed to New York City where he purchased an interest in the New York Daily News, with which he was subsequently connected as editor and publisher.

     JOHN L. KING

     ROBERT E. KNIGHT

     ELGIN A. ANGELL

     WILLIAM C. BUNTS

     HENRY CAMP

     WILLIAM PORTER

     EPHRAIM J. ESTEP

     JOHN C. HUTCHINS

     WILLIAM W. WHITTLESEY

     CORNELIUS M. BROWN born in Youngstown, Ohio, was admitted to the bar in 1878.  After practicing here a short time he removed
to Springfield. Ohio.

     EDWARD G. CANFIELD

     FRANCIS G. SERVIS

     JOHN W. CHURCH

     GARRETSON I. YOUNG

     SAMUEL W. GILSON

     THERON M. RICE

     CHARLES A. HARRINGTON

     CHARLES E. GLIDDEN

     GILES VAN HYNING

     JOHN J. MOORE, born at Milton, Ohio, was admitted to the bar at Canfield in 1863, and after practicing for a short time there removed to Ottawa, Putnam county, Ohio.

     ALEXANDER H. MOORE, born at Milton, Ohio, was admitted to the bar at Canfield in 1859, practiced there a few years and afterwards in Youngstown.  He later returned to Milton, where he engaged in other business, occasionally practicing law.

     ISAAC E. COFFEE, born in Salem, Ohio, was admitted to the bar in 1855, practiced law in Canfield in partnership with W. S. Gilson, and died there in 1859.

     CHARLES RUGGLES

     HORACE RUGGLES

     EDWIN C. RUGGLES, another son of Charles Ruggles, was admitted to the bar at Canfield in 1869, practiced there a few years, and removed to Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio.

     JOHN H. LEWIS, a native of Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, was admitted to the bar at New Lisbon, Ohio, in 1843.  In 1846 he removed to Canfield, where he practiced about eight years, and then removed to Cincinnati.  After practicing there a similar length of time, he settled in Greenford, Ohio, and engaged partly in other business.

     FRANCIS C. NESBIT, a native of Pennsylvania, was admitted to the bar of Ohio about 1860, and commenced practice at Canfield.  He was justice of the peace from 1866 to 1869.  He removed West about 1870.

     HARRISON J. EWING

     WILLIAM KNIGHT

     SELDEN HAINES

     FREDERICK W. BEARDSLEY

     EMERY E. KNOWLTON

     ALBERT A. LOGAN, born in Poland, Ohio, served in the Civil War, was admitted to the bar at Canfield in 1866, and not long after removed to Missouri.

     JAMES M. NASH, born about 1832, was at first a printer and journalist in Youngstown.  He served through the Civil War, returning as colonel of his regiment - the Nineteenth Ohio - and after the war was twice elected clerk of the court of common pleas.  He was admitted to the bar about 1870.

     JOHN CRACRAFT, born in Poland, Ohio, in 1839, read law at the Ohio State and Union Law College in Poland, was admitted to the b ar at Canfield, Ohio, about 1860.  He practiced at Lowellville until 1861, when he enlisted in the Twenty-third regiment of Ohio Volunteers.  After the war he removed to Charlestown, West Virginia, where he engaged in the practice of law.

     We give below the names of a few others, with the date of their admission to the Mahoning county bar, of whom we have no further information:  J. W. Stanley, 1860; W. V. S. Eaton, 1867; N. A. Gilbert, 1867; W. R. Brownlee, 1869; Augustus L. Heiliger, 1869; John B. Barnes, 1870; Hiram Macklin, 1870; Robert W. Tayler, Jr., 1877; David Burden, 1853.

     The Ohio State and Union Law College, to which reference has several times been 1856, by the law firm of Hayden, King & Leggitt.  After being conducted there a few years it was removed to Cleveland, Ohio.  Of the members of this firm Chester Hayden and Marcus A. King came to Poland from Poughkeepsie, New York, and were both admitted to the bar of Ohio at the district court at Canfield at the April term in 1857.  Mr. Hayden, who was an elderly man, had been judge of one of the circuit courts of the state of New York.  Mortimer D. Leggitt, who was born in Ithaca, New York, in 1831, removed with his parents, who were Friends, to Geauga county, Ohio, in 1847.  He was admitted to the bar in 1853, and practiced a few years in Warren, as partner of J. D. Cox, afterward Governor of Ohio.  When the law school was removed from Poland he removed to Zanesville, Ohio, where he became superintendent of public schools.  He afterwards served through the Civil War, entering the service as colonel of hte Seventy-eighth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and being commissioned major-general January 15, 1865.  He was appointed United States commissioner of patents in June, 1871.  After that office a few yeas he took up his residence in Cleveland, Ohio, and resumed the practice of law.

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