This chapter, except that relating to Glacial Man, which was added later by Dr. Wright, at request of the Editor, is taken from the able and instructive address delivered at the Sandusky County Pioneer and Historical Association, Sept. 8, 1908, by G. FREDERICK WRIGHT, D. D., LL. D.., of Oberlin, Ohio, president of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society.  It is constituted a chapter of this volume with his permission.
     In coming to Fremont, we sat with a gentleman, who told us a story of early days.  He said that his grandfather in the early part of the last century moved from Lower Sandusky to Perrysburg, and that he started out with his ox team and went as far as he could, the road being bad, and then walked back to stay in Lower Sandusky over night; after which he went to his team and wagon to resume his journey.  It seems to have been a custom of the early immigrants to do so, and that state coaches would stop at night some miles out and tell the passengers to walk the rest of the way to town to lodge for the night, and then return to ride to town in the state the next day if they chose to do so.  What was the reason or cause of these muddy roads?  It was because they were built without stone.  From Monroeville to the Maumee River the country is covered with the sediment of a former lake.  If Lake Erie should dry up it would leave a valley covered with a sediment like this.
     In early geological ages, the Gulf of Mexico extended to this region.  We are here on what is called the Cincinnati Anticline of rocks, that run from the islands down to Cincinnati.  If we go down about 1300 feet we strike the Trenton Limestone where we get the oil and gas.  Then we reach the Huronian and Laurentian rocks at an unknown depth below.  The rocks of this region are much younger and are called the Water Lime like those on Put-in-Bay Island, deposited when this was the bottom of the sea, which became filled with sea shells and shell fish and a vast accumulation of marine deposits.  The superficial deposits here belong to the glacial age.  The chronology of the period is indicated by the boulders found here.   There is a large one, called the Harrison Boulder a few miles southwest of Fremont,

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surrounded by other smaller ones.
     This boulder is a species of granite from the oldest land in the world.  The highlands of Canada north of Lake Erie is the place from which the glacial boulders in this basin are derived.  That rock is about from twenty-five to one hundred and fifty millions of years old.  But it was transported here only 10,000 or 12,000 years ago.  In size it is 13 feet long, 10 feet wide and 3½ feet out of the ground, probably about one thousand cubic feet of rock, and it would weight about one hundred and eighty thousand pounds or 80 tons, and could be moved to Fremont as there is no bridge between there and here to break down.  But it

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GLACIAL MAN IN OHIO.

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