Mr. Darius Cadwell was born at Andover, Ashtabula County, in 1822.  He was a student in Wade & Ranney's office, and was admitted to the Bar in 1845, in 1847 the firm of Wade & Ranney having been dissolved by the election of Mr. Wade to the Common Pleas Bench, Mr. Cadwell united with R. P. Ranney & C. S. Simonds in the practice of law, he continued to reside in Jefferson until 1872, when he removed to Cleveland, and has since been elected a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas.  During the time he resided in Jefferson, he filled various responsible offices, among which were those of Representative and Senator in the State Legislature and Provost Marshal during the war.

     Hon. W. P. Howland came to Jefferson in 1854, and taught the higher department of the village school for six successive terms; the first terms at $30 per month and board, the latter terms at $40 per month and board; commenced reading law at home that year,

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and gave to the study all the time he could under the instruction of Simonds and Caldwell, intil the spring of 1857, when he went into their office.  In the spring of 1858 he was admitted to the practice of law.  He was then unable to procure a library and entered into the employ of Wood, Udell & Co., to travel in the west on business for them.  During the two years following he traveled over a portion of Illinois, Kansas, the western part Missouri, a large part of Arkansas and a portion of Tennessee, in their employ; he succeded in obtaining the means with which to purchase a library from that business.  In February, 1861, he commenced to practice; in 1863 he opened an office in the Holmes' Block; in the fall of 1867 he was elected Prosecuting Attorney for the county and was nominated by acclamation and re-elected to that office in the fall of 1869; was nominated for Representative to the State Legislature in the summer of 1871, and resigned the office of Prosecuting Attorney and has elected Representative that fall, was re-elected in the fall of 1873 and was nominated by acclamation and again elected in the fall of 1875.  Mr. Howland never allowed himself the luxury as some fast young men call it of sowing wild oats when young, but he pursued his studies faithfully and perseveringly without being turned to the right or left by circumstances surrounding him.  I think this accounts in a great measure for his success in life.

     E. B. Woodbury moved from Monroe to this place in 1856, and purchased the house where his widow now lives, of Andrew Bailey.  Mr. W. was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1850.  On the organization of the First National Bank of Jefferson he was elected President.  He died in 1870 at the age of 65.

     H. B. Woodbury was born Nov. 27, 1831.  Admitted to the practice of law at Jefferson, Ohio, at the September term, 1852, of District Court; elected Justice of the Peace in Monroe, in 1854, for three years and in 1857 for three years; moved to Jefferson in October, 1857, and soon after elected Mayor of Jefferson; elected delegate to the Constitutional Convention in April 1873; elected Common Pleas Judge for short term in January 1875, and again for full term in October of the same year; he has been on the bench for over two years, and as I have had occasion at different times to see him in his official capacity, I must give him credit for great patience, and an expounder of the law with dignity and ability, and his decisions I believe are unquestioned.

     S. A. Northway was born on the 19th day of June, 1833, in a village called Christian Hollow, county of Onondaga, State of

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New York, where he lived until July, 1840.  On the 13rh day of July, 1840, he came with his parents to the township of Orwell, in this county, and resided in the north-eastern part of the township.  His home was in the woods, there being then no road nearer than about half a mile.  The only common school he ever attended was two and three-quarter miles from his home.  In 1851 when Prof. Tuckerman opened the Academy in Orwell, he commenced to attend there, and continued during the spring and fall until 1856.  During the winters he taught school.  In 1858 he began to read law with Messrs. Chaffee & Woodbury, and on the 22d of September, 1859, he was admitted to the Bar.  In 1861 he was nominated and elected a member of the House of Representatives in the State Legislature.  In January, 1862, he became a resident of Jefferson, commencing the practice of law here on July 1, 1862.  Mr. Northway is of an affable disposition, a generous and public spirited man, a ready speaker, and can make as good a stump speech on short notice as any man in the county; he is marked as one of our rising men.

     William H. Ruggles, Attorney at Law, aged forty years, moved into Jefferson and settled with his father and mother on what is called the Chaffee farm, one and one-half miles north of the Court House, and remained and worked on the farm with his brother Joe Ruggles, until the spring of 1857, when he commenced the study of law in the office of Messrs. Simonds & Cadwell, and was admitted to practice on the 22d day of September 1859; he had no means and was obliged to work at daily labors and teaching school until the spring of 1860, he opened an office over the post office, then kept by S. D. Dann in the building now occupied by Henry Talcott.  On the retiring of Judge Chaffee from the firm of Chaffee, Woodbury & Woodbury, he entered into copartnership with them and continued with Judge Woodbury until his going on to the bench as Judge.  Mr. Ruggles was married in December, 1860, to Ruth A. Chapin, daughter of J. B. Chapin, of Leno.  He occupies a beautiful home on Jefferson street.

     James Whitmore with his family, (his wife and three children) commenced residing in Jefferson, Ashtabula county, Ohio, the first week in September, 1834, having moved from Troy, New York.  During the winter of 1834-5, Samuel Hendry, Esq., then County Clerk, gave him employment in his office.  At the October election in 1844, Mr. Whitmore was elected to the office of County Recorder, and continued to fill that office until January, 1863.  During the year 1836, the office of township clerk becoming

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vacant, he was appointed to fill that office, by the trustees of the townships.  At the spring election of the year 1835, he was elected to the office of Township Treasurer, and continued in that office without intermission until the spring of 1863, when he moved to Cleveland, Ohio.  Mr. Whitmore during his residence at Jefferson, exercised the offices of Justice of the Peace, Mayor of the town and a member of the Board of Education.  In the year 1836 or 1837, Mr. Whitmore and wife became members of the Presbyterian Congregational Church of Jefferson by letter from the second Presbyterian Church, of Troy, N. Y., which membership was continued until his removal to Cleveland, and re-united with that church on his return from Cleveland in 1870; he with his family are now living in Cleveland.

     Major Gaylord came to Jefferson and was elected County Auditor in 1823; moved into what was called the Boor house, a quaint old two story structure, guiltless of lath or mortar; it stood about where Judge Woodbury's house now stands; it was a very steep roofed, uncouth, rough looking house, a few years later it was torn down.  Major Gaylord was a very kind hearted, generous man; always ready, as far as his means would allow, to assist those who were struggling to support their families in this then wilderness town; he held the Auditor's office and lived in the same apparently tumble-down old house about six years; then moved on to his farm in Geneva, built a good house, lived there to a ripe old age and died respected by all his acquaintances.

     Harvey R. Gaylord, son of Major Gaylord, came to Jefferson a few weeks before his father, in 1823; was then seventeen years old, and attended school with the rest of the boys and girls, in a school taught by Thomas Whelpley, in a log school house on the west part of John Pritchard's farm.  He lived with his father, and being a sprightly youth, he obtained a very good education from the comparatively slim chance he then had in Jefferson's schools.  In 1829, he was elected County Recorder at the age of twenty-three years, and held the office nine years.  In 1830 he married Miss Stella Atkins, daughter of Sheriff Atkins.  She was well considered a model young lady.  I do not recollect the exact time he left Jefferson, perhaps 1835 or '6.  He moved to his father's old homestead in Geneva, and lived there to raise quite a family. - One of his sons enlisted in the Union army, was wounded, brought home, and died in consequence of his wounds.  A few years ago Mr. Gaylord moved to Saginaw, Michigan, where he still resides.

     Timothy Cook moved to this place in 1818 and began living in t

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he woods on the place where Edwin D. Strong lives.  His, and John Udell, Sen's, were the first dwellings on the roads north and west from the Court House to the Hickok settlement; he made nearly all the improvements on that farm; he was elected Justice of the Peace in 1828; his family consisted of his wife and one daughter; his mother's old home.  Mr. Cook's first wife died in 1830.  He married Mrs. Lucy Frary if I remember right, in 1832 or '33.  Mrs. Frary had one son then a lad.  Mr. Cook sold his farm to Walter Strong in 1851; move to Saybrook and died the same year.  Mrs. Cook is still living with her son, Charles Frary, in Saybrook.  He is a good farmer and a respectable man.

     Lynds Jones lived in Wayne, Ashtabula county; he was elected Sheriff of the county in 1821, and consequently moved to Jefferson in 1822; he bought the place where Dr. Gist now lives of Elder Freeman.  The house was built by Elder Freeman, though he did not finish it.  He was the first settled minister in Jefferson.  Mr. Jones lived in the same house until his death, which occurred in 1851, at the age of sixty-one; his wife died in 1858, at the age of sixty-three.  Mr. Jones was a very active man in the improvements of the town; he was one of the principal movers in building the first Academy in Jefferson; he was a very social, genial man with his friends; he was elected County Recorder in 1822, and held that office two terms; thus being Sheriff and Recorder at the same time; the office of Sheriff and Recorder combined did not produce a large income then; was elected Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1845, and held the office six years; his wife was sister of Mrs. J. R. Giddings.  They raised a family of ten children, six sons and four daughters; one of the daughters married J. D. Ensign, formerly County Clerk, and afterward known as partner in the law firm of Northway & Ensign; he has since moved to Duluth.  Another daughter married Hon. Henry Fasset, of Ashtabula.  The daughters have all died.  The sons are all living, scattered in different parts of the United States.

     W. H. Fay moved here with his family in 1822; started the first cabinet shop in town; his wife was a sister of Sheriff Loomis; they raised a family of six children, two of whom live in Jefferson; they others are scattered in different States.  He first settled and built a house where N. E. French lives; afterward built a house and shop near J. A. Giddings', and still continues at his trade, making cabinet ware, although he is now eighty-one years old; he is also a very good carpenter and joiner; did the work on the old Acad-

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emy, and also put up the frame to the present Methodist Church.

     Linus Loomis came here with his family in 1824; built the house on the corner east of Hon. W. C. Howells; also built a blacksmith shop south of his house, where he worked at that business a number of years, the only blacksmith in town; he had a large family but none of them settled here; he moved west in 1852 or '53.  Mr. Loomis was a very active, industrious man, and as far as he had ability did what good he could.

     Charles Brown moved his family here in 1830; settled in the west part of the township on the farm now owned by Geo. Hunter; he had a family of six children.  One of his sons, O. P. Brown, studied law with Giddings & Wade, and practiced some years in Revenna, Portage county; he was quite a talented man; became a member of the Legislature, and died a few years ago in the prime of life.  Another son, Josiah, is a very noted physician in Sandusky, Ohio; served three years as surgeon in the army; he has a large Diabetic Home Cure establishment at Green Springs, Sandusky county, Ohio, and is recommended as being very skillful in curing that disease.  Charles Brown left Jefferson many years ago.

     Andrew Bailey came to Jefferson in 1829, then a young man; he married not long after and raised a family; he had no capital but his hands to commence with ,but being a natural genius, he started a pump factory and followed that business a number of years; was also a good house joiner and did much toward improving awhile in one and then selling and building another.  Among them were a large house east of the Town Hall now owned by Mrs. E. B. Woodbury, the house Mrs. J. W. Gillis now owns, and the one where E. Jay Pinney resides.  Mr. Bailey was a liberal supporter of Education; he kept a dry goods store several years, and oved west in 1868; he died a short time after his removal; he was a very active, useful citizen, and an honest upright dealer; his health was very poor for some time before he went away, so that his finances were considerably reduced.

     P. C. Amsden came to Jefferson in 1837, a single man; a carriage maker by trade, he commenced work in a shop belonging to Thompson Wallace, (he, Wallace, used it for making a rude threshing machine; the citizens carried their grain there to have it threshed, the first machine that was introduced into this town.) - It was on the lot where Mrs. Marr now lives.  Wallace built her house about 1840.  Mr. Amsden married Miss Mary Hubbard in

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1839, and first settled on the lot now owned by J. C. Thompson, but sold it to Lynds Jones in 1841, and bought the lot south of said lot, and built the house and barn now owned by Rufus Houghton; he made the first carriage with eleptic springs owned in this town; it was made for George Brown, a merchant here at that time; he was one of the Town Council when the streets were opened in different parts of the village; and it had to be done almost by physical force, as the early settlers had fenced in the greater part of the first surveyed streets in order that they could occupy the vacant lots adjoining theirs, and they thought that such improvements were very unnecessary invasions at that time.  So faithless were they that all the streets would ever be used, that I remember one man laid the foundation for a house directly across the street, but some one hinted to him that it might some time make him trouble, and he removed it before putting on the building.  I believe every street in town has more or less buildings on them.  Mr. Amsden has held the office of constable twenty-one years, and has been Deputy Sheriff twelve years; continued working at his trade until 1865, when he bought a farm in the northwest part of the township, moved there, built a good house, and made other improvements on it.  In 1874 he sold his farm and made other improvements on it.  In 1874 he sold his farm and bought the house and lot formerly owned by J. C. Howard about half a mile north of the Court House, where he now lives, still working at his trade.  In the spring of 1877 he was again elected constable.  He has taken the Sentinel since its first issue, now over forty-five years.
     My basket is nearly emptied of true stories but I remember one little one.  About sixty years ago, when Captain Loomis lived in his log cabin, near the edge of Mill Creek, a short distance east of the west Grist mill, and his mill stood a few feet from his house, towering high above it; a short distance above was the dam to hold the water for grinding.  One night, after there had been heavy rains and raised the water to such a high pressure, the dam gave way, and down came the water, carrying with it logs and whatever lose stuff came in its way.  But the Captain, fearing such a catastrophe, kept a little watch, and notifying his wife and children, they made their escape.  But the cabin door was no protection from the water and logs which came rushing in, and submerged the entire lower part of the house with water.  But happily it soon found its way out below, and did but little damage; to repair the dam and clear away the logs.

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     Salmon Bunnell  moved from from Chenango county, N. Y., to Johnston, Trumbull county, in 1836, and moved to Jefferson in 1848.  He settled in the northeast part of the township about three miles from the Court House.  When he commenced there it was all a wilderness from the plank road to the east line of the town; now it is a thickly settled neighborhood with a good school house, and a correspondingly good school kept in the center of the neighborhood.  Mr. Bunnell had but little means when he commenced there, but with persevering industry he built a saw mill in 1849, in which he sawed a large amount of lumber for market, and in a few years he had improved a large farm and had it under good cultivation; he was the first permanent settler in that neighborhood; moved into a log cabin that had been vacated by Mr. Alley; built a good house and barn in 1851.  In 1855 the barn was burned, and rebuilt in 1856; he sold that farm to Washington Bowdre in 1868, (who still resides on the place_ and bought the farm he now lives on of Mr. Bowdre; he has raised a family of five children, two sons and three daughters, one son has died and one is living in Ashtabula; his daughters are all living in Jefferson, namely:  Mrs. George Sheldon, Mrs. Milan Custin; Miss Martha lives with her parents.  Mr. Bunnell is seventy-one years old and still continues to cultivate his farm well with his own labor.

      Joseph Crosby moved from Rome with his family, to Jefferson in1835; built a house east of the High School building, near where Mr. McDaniels's house now stands' it was all woods there; he and Dr. Hawley contracted to make the brick for the Court House and from the materials not being good for making brick, and other causes, it proved an unsuccessful enterprise and Mr. Crosby sunk nearly all the property he he brought here, and having lost two yeas after by sickness, he had a hard struggle for many years to support his family.  But by not giving up and exercising a determined will not to die a pauper, in a few years he accumulated enough to purchase a lot and build a very good house which is now occupied by E. C. Harris, agent for the Ohio Farmer's Insurance Company.  His wife died in 1872; he then went west and is now seventy-six years old.  Mr. Crosby was a very genial, friendly man and withal was very shrewd, and it took a very smart man to get the better of him in a joke.  I will relate an anecdote of him. Alth'o it has been often told, it will not be amiss to tell it again, showing the uncommon quick perception of the man.  Andrew Bailey made pumps here then and he was wanting hickory logs for the handles.   Mr. Crosby asked him how much he would

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give for a good hickory tree.  Bailey, thinking to have a little sport, told him he would give him so much, but if he would steal it he would give him a larger sum.  Very well, says Brother Crosby, as we all called him.  The tree came according to agreement.  "Where he did get it Brother Crosby?" says Bailey; "away back yonder and found he had cut the best tree he (Bailey) had on his land.  Crosby got his pay without any grumbling and Bailey laughed at the joke.  He has one son living in Jefferson who has built several houses on Market street.  William C. Hall married one of his daughters and enlisted in the Union army in 1861, was shot a Pittsburg Landing with two bullets through the shoulder, crushing it so that he died four weeks after, in the year 1862.  His widow still retains his military coat as a momento of her husband losing his life in defence of his country; it is pierced with four bullet holes.  Mrs. Hall, by industry and economy, has secured to herself and two daughters a nice home on Market street.

     H. N. Smalley** moved his family to Lenox in 1833; his means to commence a new farm consisted of an industrious, prudent wife and two hands of his own, willing to work.  Mrs. Smalley was transplanted from city life in Albany at the age of nineteen, with an infant daughter, on to a wilderness farm, but she improved the chance bravely in looking after the interests of home, while Mr. Smalley vigorously followed the occupation of painting, to procure means to pay for his land; he painted so much in Jefferson we almost considered one of our townsmen, before he moved here; he followed painting more than twenty years.  In 1852 he purchased the first house west of where George Sheldon lives, of Rev. William Burton, and moved into it the same year, and went into trade with Alert Warren in a building since moved back to give place to the Holmes & Warren block.  About 1854 he purchased the store building where he trades and traded there until 1807*, then bought what was then called the "Hippodrome; it was properly the hull of the present Union Hall; he traded there two or three years and in 1865 bought the building where Kellogg & Hodge now do business, and occupied it several years, then sold to them; he has generally been very fortunate in trade.  At one time he lost about $6000 by the failure of a farm.  In 1857 he built a fine residence on Walnut street, he had a family of five children, two sons and three daughters:  his sons re-

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     * This is as it was printed in this volume.
     ** In 1880 Census, Jefferson, Ashtabula Co., OH he is listed as Horatio N. Smalley 2 daughters and 3 grandchildren. (no wife)
     See Will of Horatio N. Smalley
     See 1850 Census

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live with him, one died in early youth; his wife died in 1872 at the age of fifty-seven.

     John W. Gillis  came to Jefferson about 1840, and commenced blacksmithing near where the Sentinel office now stands; was a very good edge tool maker and was a very steady, faithful worker at that time; he did all the iron work on the jail that that has lately been torn down; he married Miss Jane Gillett, in 1841, she died in 1843, and in 1844 he married Miss Lucy Norton.  The same year Deacon Norton, his father-in-law, bought the house and lot where Mrs. Gillis now lives, and lived there with his daughter till he died in 1862, aged ninety-two, Mr. Gillis died in 1868, aged fifty-five.
     CHASING THE MOON. - About thirty-five years ago while E. W. Hickok, Austin Goodale, E. F. Hickok, James Loomis, Juresta Hickok, Harvey R. Green and D. W. Hickok, were attending a school meeting at the west school house, one of them stepped to the door and cried to the others, "there is a house on fire up east."  They left the house and ran with allspeed to see which should be the most philanthropic to help to put out the fire.  As they got about half a mile, one says:  "It is Comfort Giddings' house, I can see the sparks, let us hurry."  Just as they began to come to the top of the hill, they saw the full orbed moon coming up above the eastern horizon in all its brilliant splendor.  They returned feeling a little cheap that they had exerted themselves so powerfully to see the moon rise.

     The following was kindly furnished by Mr. O. H. Fitch, of Ashtabula:  An extract from the letter of the late Ralph Granger, Esq., received by me many years since, giving the origin of the Marylander's settlement, explains the object of it, and the grounds on which the settlers founded their hopes of success.
     "The Indian traders, and trading companies," says Mr. Granger, "as well as the United States agents and factors, found extreme difficulty in procuring the tobacco necessary for the Indian trade, and for the customary, as well as to fulfil solemn stipulations. - The cost of transportation exceeded by many hundred per cent, the cost of production.  It was highly desirable that tobacco should be produced, and manufactured near Lake Erie.  This being known, and propositions having been made by a gentleman well acquainted with the business in Maryland, a large number of tobacco growers formed a company and purchased shares in the town of Jefferson, to carry on that particular branch of industry.  The expenses for their journey, and letters of credit having been

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furnished, they forced their way to Jefferson, encountering difficulties not necessary to recount, and bringing with them John Hankart, a manufacturer of tobacco of the highest repute."
     As the origin of ths Maryland settlement in Jefferson has been stated, it is proper to add that that the failure of the tobacco business was not through the default of the proprietors, or the cultivators of the town, but through them who were to have purchased the tobacco.

     Noah Hoskin was born in Jefferson in 1816 and labored with his father at the tanning business until the age of twenty-one.  After spending three years in seeing the country and perfecting himself in his business, he commenced the tanning business at Penn Line, Pa., in 1840.  In 1842, on account of changes occurring in his father's family, it seemed to be duty for him to return to Jefferson; when at the old tannery, near the present Depot, he and his brother Ezra, together continued at the business of manufacturing leather until 1846, when he bought his brother out, and continued the business until failing health caused him to retire from the tannery.  Squire Hoskin resides now in a good substantial brick house, within a few feet of the rude plank house his father built sixty-five years ago.  He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1852, and re-elected in 1856, and elected to the office of Coroner, in 1858, an was again elected Justice of the Peace in 1871-4-7, and has filled the office with ability and honesty.

     W. F. Fortune came from Ireland in 1849, and came to this place from Delaware county, N. Y. in 1856; being a tailor by occupation he worked at that business for the firm of Burgess & Norris about three years, then worked for different ones until 1866, then formed a partnership with Hunter Gill.  They continued together seven years, and then dissolved partnership.  Mr. Fortune is a very steady, industrious man and has succeeded in building a good house on the corner of Chestnut and Satin streets, which has added greatly to the beauty of that corner; he married his wife in Franklin, Delaware county, N. Y., and is raising a promising family of children.

     Hunter Gill moved from Scotland to Jefferson, with his family in 1865; he had followed the occupation of a tailor from early youth in his dear old Scotland.  After he came here he worked about one year as a journeyman, then went into partnership with W. F. Fortune; they carried on business together until 1873.  He is now in business alone, in a shop over St. John & Galpin's store, where he is still laboring early and late, ready and willing to accommodate all customers that call on him, and there is no lack

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of that pleasant greeting which is always pleasing to customers.  Besides supporting a large family, he built a good house on Erie street.  Near one side of his house, is a second growth forest, which makes it very pleasant for the Scotch family who seem to really enjoy a woodland retreat.  Mr. Gill has a family of steady, industrious children, and all find places where they can be useful.

     D. D. Holmes came to this town in 1855; set up a clothing store in the store-room now occupied by H. N. Smalley, and continued in business there until 1863; he, with Albert Warren, built the brick block in 1864, and was in business in the south half of that block a number of years.  At present he has a shop on the second floor of that block.  Mr. H. built his present residence in 1856; he has carried on the clothing business quite extensively.

     H. J. Pease came from Streetsborough, Portage county, Ohio, to Jefferson in 1851, and being a widower, he married Miss Nancy Green and settled here in 1853; bought the farm where he resides now (one and one-half miles north of the Court House) of Eben Wood; it contained 281 acres of land, for which he paid $7,025, on which he had a credit of $4000; he has since paid off the debt from the products of the farm, bought fifty acres more land, expended $2000 in building and made other improvements on the farm.  This is a good evidence that farming can be made a success here.  Three children are the result of his second marriage, two of them have died; the remaining son now carries on the farm with his father.  Mr. Pease is now seventy-three years old.

     Orlando Hoskin was born here in 1826.  Commenced work in his father's tannery at ten years of age; worked there until he was twenty-one; went to Massachusetts prospecting as his own man, being of age to look out for himself; hired out there by the month; he started from home with $17, was gone six months, spent what money was necessary in traveling and seeing the country, and returned home with $50 in his pocket, went to work in the old tannery for his brother Noah, and worked for him six or seven years; built the house where Anson Alger lives, near the depot, for his own use, in 1852; the same year, was married to Miss Cornelia Udell.  In 1865 he sold his house and lot and bought a small farm two and one-half miles north of the Court House, where he now resides.  They have but one child, a daughter, who is an accomplished musician and teacher.

     H. D. Jones moved here in 1857, and lived in the house now owned by Thomas Fricker, on the corner of the public square, west of the new school building until 1862, then bought the house he now lives in on Chestnut street.  In 1870 he rebuilt it and

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made the present pleasant residence; he has been Deputy Sheriff fifteen years, and Constable six years; was elected Mayor in 1876; he has had three children, two sons and one daughter, who all died in early youth.

     V. J. C. Hodge came here in 1846 and started a tin shop in a small building that was built by Alvin Bagley for a law office, soon after built a shop just west of the present office of Woodbury & Ruggles.  The next year he took Mr. James Norris in company; about two years after, he sold out his interest to Mr. Morris, with the intention of going to California, but on account of the sickness and death of a son, did not go.  While in company with Mr. Norris, he built the house that Dr. Way lives in now; then bought one-half interest in the shop Israel Turner now owns; sold out the shop to D. W. Benjamin; he then went south, staid there until the war was like to break out, and not believing in slavery, returned to this place.  In 1861 he went to Geneva and went into the hardware business with Charles Talcott; staid there until his health failed, then sold his interest ot Mr. Talott and bought a farm, which he remained on for five years; then he and Walter Kellogg bought out Henry Simond's hardware store.  They have since bought of H. N. Smalley, the large store building on the northeast corner of the Court House square, on Jefferson street, built on an addition for a workshop, and fitted up a large fine salesroom and filled it with a good assortment of hardware.

     Dr. D. D. Gist was born in 1810, in Lawden county, Virginia; his father emigrated to Guernsey, Ohio, in 1822.  The Doctor remained there until 1839, then came to Ashtabula county, and finished his study of medicine; commenced practice in 1842, attended a course of lectures at the Eclectic College, Cincinnati.  Soon after coming to Ashtabula county he with a number of other practitioners started a kind of medical school; they employed a lecturer and held their meetings once a month for four years, in the different townships in the county; came to Jefferson in 1865; purchased and fitted up a very fine residence and built a good office; has had for a long time and still has an extensive practice.

     G. H. Leonard came here in 1861, and set up the first iron foundry in the village; he has turned off various kinds of castings and built up a good trade.

     Joseph Mosher has carried on an iron foundry some time, with different partners in the southeast part of the village, where he is doing a good business and getting a good run of custom; his present partner is W. G. McCartney, a practical moulder and an excellent man.

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     The venerable David Wright, of Morgan, sends us the following sketch of the first execution in Ohio, at which, he was present, Mr. Wright writes as follows:

     Pochokaw, son of Omic, Chief of the Osbeways, (or Chipeways) was the first person executed in Northern Ohio, which took place June 20, 1812.  The same day war was declared against Great Britain.  He with a half breed, had murdered two brothers on the Huron, by the name of Buell.  The Chief, Tecumseh, was at Sandusky, holding a council of war.  The facts were presented to them and the two Indians were given up to Mr. Carter and men, the officers of the law, who resided at Cleveland.  On their return, before reaching Huron they stopped for refreshments.  The hands of the prisoners were tied; the half-breed walked up to where they had stacked their guns, placed his chin over the muzzle of the gun, and with his toes, shot himself through the head and instantly died.  Pochokaw escaped and returned to the Indians in council.  Mr. C. gave pursuit, calling at the store house of Mr. Whiticar, at the mouth of the Sandusky, where he learned that Mr. W. had induced P. to go with them to Upper Sandusky, for whisky, in a canoe.  Carter followed on the bank of the river, charging his men to be as silent as possible, but with all their caution, the well trained ear of Pochokaw heard the snap of a stick; he threw down the paddle and seized his rifle, which Carter saw and ordered his men to form in line and demand his surrender.  Whiticar bringing the canoe to shore, he was recaptured without further resistance, brought to Cleveland and had his trial.  He stoutly denied his guilt at first, but before the lose of the trial, fully confessed his participation in the murder.  Omic told the sheriff that rather than have him hung, he would hew him to pieces with his tomahawk, as hanging choked the Spirit; he tried to obtain his pardon and started to see the Great Father at Washington, but at Pittsburg was frightened back by boys firing over his head.  I attended his execution.  Pochokaw was confined in a chamber of Mr. Carter's house, being the only available placefor such a purpose.  Observing me in front of the house, he beckoned and called "Dabid" to come to him.  Remembering the many nights we had spent in mutual instruction, I learning him to read and speak the English language, he teaching me his language, and more than repaying me by his superior knowledge of the North Western Territory.  I was admitted to the room and saw him in irons, and cried out, "Ah! Pochokaw, what are you here for?  He looked sad and made no reply at first, then said:

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"wah bunk meh, kick a poo," that is "to-morrow I am to die."  "Why, what have you done?"  "Meh killed Shemocomun." (Pennsylvanian)  "How could you do it?"  "Meh to much mad."  I said, "I am very sorry, very, very sorry indeed."  After a short pause he said:  "Meh come again, may be dog, may be horse, may be white man, "  I said, "No, if Pochokaw was hung until he was dead, I should never see him again.  But he was firm in his belief.  Soon he was seated on his coffin, which was placed on a cart, surrounded by a rifle battalion commanded by Captain Ryall McArthur.  The Rev. ___, preached a sermon; at the close, the procession started for the place of execution, (being nearly the same ground on which the Court House now stands.)  He was seated on the coffin, his face painted in streaks of red and black, singing his death song and waiving his hand in a half circular manner over his head.  The painting he did before leaving the prison.  When at the foot of the gallows, he shrank and hesitated.  The sheriff (Baldwin) motioned him to ascend.  After observing the gallows for a few moments, he did so, taking his seat upon the block that was placed on the drop.  As the sheriff stepped back after adjusting the cap and rope, Pochokaw suddenly pulled his arms from their fastenings and clasped one brace of the gallows.  The sheriff said, "that beats me, I cannot force him from that."  Mr. Carter said, "send for a glass of whiskey, and I will persuade him to take his place again," which was done.  When Carter presented the glass of whiskey, he looked at the tumbler, then at the rope, then at the audience, took the whiskey and drank it, then said he wanted to make a speech; he took from his bosom a hieroglyphic scroll and commenced to read, but was so excited that he could not and he gave it to the sheriff.  Carter immediately withdrew and the sheriff cut the rope.  A shower coming up, he was drawn up and let fall the length of the rope, breaking it, and depositing the body by the side of the coffin.

     Rufus Houghton, although not a resident of Jefferson for many years, yet as he lives here now and has been a resident of the county for almost three-fourths of a century, I thought it quite appropriate to give him a notice in this history.  His father, Rufus Houghton, Sen., mother and six children, he being the oldest, left Keene, New Hampshire, Oct. 10, 1811, and arrived at Harpersfield on November 10th, at Daniel B. Bartholomew's.  They wintered in the Gregory neighborhood, on Grand River, living during two years on two different farms in that neighborhood, on Grand River, living during two years on two different farms in that neighborhood, and then moved to what is now West Andover, in March, 1814.  They were the seventh family in No. 9, f__ -

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range.  His father's object in going there was to finish a small pioneer grist mill, near the Fitt's factory, which commenced grinding, November 14th; his mother died in 1816; her grave was the first grave of a white person in that township; his father died in 1834.  Mr. Houghton has had eight children, four of whom died in 1834.  Mr. Houghton has had eight children, four of whom died in infancy; his oldest son, Ludius W., died in 1854, and his oldest daughter in 1864; his remaining son, Allen R., is a resident of Jefferson; his youngest daughter is the wife of Judge Betts.  Mr. H. moved here in 1865, and he and his wife occupy a pleasant home on Chestnut street; he attended probably the first Fourth of July celebration held in this county, at a barn on the farm of Daniel B. Bartholomew, now owned by Frank Knapp, half a mile south of Geneva. - Dr. Johnson  was the orator, and Rev. Jonathan Leslie was Chaplain of the day.  Major Levi Gaylord appeared in full regimentals.  Samyel Hendry and his two sisters, Rufus Houghton, Sen., and his family, Levi Gaylord, Jr., Benjamin Hartwell, were among the singers.  The following is one of the songs they sung, which is written from memory by Rufus Houghton,  Very likely some old readers will be pleased to get the

ODE ON SCIENCE.

The morning sun shines from the east,
And spreads its glories to the west;
All nations with its beams are blest
     Where'er the radiant light appears

So science spreads her lucid ray
O'er lands which long in darkness lay,
She visits fair Columbia
     And sets her sun among the stars,

Fair freedom, her attendant, waits
To bless the portals of her gates,
To crown the young and rising States
     With laurels of immortal day.

The British yoke, the Gaulic chain,
Was urged upon our necks in vain;
All haughty tyrants we disdain,
     And shout "long live America."

     There were nearly twenty Revolutionary soldiers present - Aaron E. Austin.  Mrs. Wm. Crowell, Sen., and one or two others who are still living, were present.
     There was a large attendance of women and children. War

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with England had been declared, and Omic, the Indian chief, was threatening vengeance on all the whites for hanging his son, a short time before, in Cleveland.  For these causes the people were alive to the question of the day, and were full of patriotism.

     Miss Rebecca Dean and her sister Fanny came to Jefferson Apr. 9, 1867, and took rooms in the building then known as the Hippodrome.  They commenced the millinery business on a small capital, earned in Wayne, their native township.  They had a very good season for business, and found the people here social and pleasant, so much so that they determined to make it their home.  In the fall they bought of C. L. Bushnell, the house and lot opposite Warren's Block, and moved there November 9th.  In purchasing they incurred a rather heavy debt for people in their circumstances, but were able to pay it in two years.  In the spring of 1870 a niece of theirs came to live with them permanently, and has been with them ever since.  In the summer of 1875 they rebuilt their house, and made some other improvements on their premises.  They are now doing a very fair business, and are happy to say they are free from all liabilities, for which they are very thankful.  They have expended over three thousand dollars in buying their lot, building, and fitting up their grounds, and have now a very fine residence.  Here young ladies can plainly see encouragement for themselves to feel that by persevering industry, both mentally and physically, they can cope with men in acquiring all the means necessary for the comforts of life.

     In the spring of 1806, A. R. Beckwith moved to this place and bought the property where his store now is, of Mr. John Cudro; built the block north of the Sentinel office in 1866.  In 1867 he built his large brick dwelling, on Jefferson street.  In 1868 he built three tenement houses on Walnut street.  In 1871 he bought the store on Chestnut street, in Union Block, of C. Hazan, which he now owns and rents.  In 1872 he bought the Jefferson House, now called the Beckwith House; built several small buildings for shops, etc., south of his store.  Mr. Beckwith owns more business places than any other man in town; has now a large store adjoining.

     Hezekiah Mead came to this place in 1837, and in 1838 settled on the town line road between Jefferson and Austinburg; he was the first permanent settler north on that road, and died on the same farm in 1869, aged seventy-seven; his wife died in 1872 at the same age.  They had nine children, ive sons and four daughters; three of them live in Jefferson.

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     Luman Webster went to live with Daniel Webster when he was quite young, and lived with him up to twenty-four years of age.  In 1848 he bought a lot, mostly wild land, in the northwest part of the township; was then a single man; went into a log cabin which had been previously built and vacated, and commenced singly and alone, to clear off the heavy forest timber.  About 1851 he married Miss Stella Hickok, and with uncommon hard labor and perseverance, in a few years he had a fine farm under good cultivation, and good substantial buildings.  In 1863 he sold his farm and bought the old farm purchased in an early day by Mr. Hickok on which the father and grandfather of his wife had lived, and resides there now; he is now one of the best farmers in town, and is very generous with his money where he thinks it is most needed.

     Isaac Osborn came here in 1864, with his family.  Previous to his coming here he had labored steadily for one man, and supposing the man to be good, he let his wages remain in his hands five or six years.  The man entirely failed, and he lost all of his wages; consequently, he came here with no means but his hands and three small children to support.  By constant labor and steady habits, he has paid five hundred dollars for a lot, and built a good house, fitted up a pleasant yard, and given his daughter a good education.

     Slow progress was made in agriculture in Jefferson for many years after its first settlement, on account of the land being generally very level and wet, and covered with a heavy growth of large trees, and it was hard cultivating the soil, until the stumps of trees were sufficiently rotted to get them out and plow the land.  In process of time, as farmers began to plow and drain their land; they found the low swampy lands produced the best and now they are the most fertile lands.  The township is nearly all settled with intelligent thriving farmers, and they are receiving good returns by the cultivation of their farms, from the income of butter, cheese, wheat, oats and corn.  From the small beginning of making cheese as large around as a tea-saucer, they have now two large Cheese Factories, with one or two small ones, where they make five hundred thousand pounds of cheese a year
     The village has grown slowly, but it has grown fast enough to be sustained by the surrounding country, and keep up a permanent business.  The streets all cross at right angles, and the business houses are good substantial structures.  There are several fine residences, and nearly all the dwellings are well

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finished buildings.  I believe all our merchants are settled on a firm basis.  We have now two Printing Offices, three Banks, five Dray Goods stores, seven Groceries, three Drug stores, one Saddler and Harness Shop and store, three Clothing stores, two Merchant Tailors, two Planing Mills, one Sash, Blind and Door Factory, two Foundries, one Machine shop, four Blacksmith shops, two carriage shops, one Flouring Mill, one Saw Mill, five Churches, four School Houses, and two Hotels which are models for village hotels.  The Cemetery in Jefferson is beautiful and romantic in its appearance, and seems like a hallowed and sacred spot for the resting place of our friends.  There is also a Pump Factory carried on by William VanDuzer, who furnishes excellent pumps for all who wish to draw water from their wells easily.

     Benjamin F. Whitmore has kindly furnished me with the names and terms of all the County Recorder's since the county was organized.  I will here mention that Mr. Whitmore was born in Jefferson, and his father was Recorder nineteen years.  For many yearshe has been one of the most useful men about the Court House; he is perfectly familiar with all the records, and with his pleasant, gentlemanly manners, is always ready to give any necessary information relating to the records of lands in Ashtabula County.  I here append the names of the County Recorders:

     James A. Harper from 1811 to 1815; Jonathan Warner 1815 to 1822; Lynds Jones 1822 to 1829; Harvey R. Gaylord 1829 to 1838; Benjamin B. Gaylord 1838 to 1844; James Whitmore 1844 to 1863; Marshall P. Atkins 1863 to 1869; Truman Reeves 1869 to 1875; E. F. Mason elected in 1875, and still in office.

     Decius S. Wade studied law in Jefferson and commenced practice in partnershp with Hiram Plumb; they remained together but a short time, Plumbhaving been elected Probate Judge and died while in office.  In 1858, Mr. Wade with A. S. Hall and Abner Kellogg, formed a partnership known as the firm of Hall, Kellogg & Wade.  In 1860 he was elected Probate Judge, and held the office six years, in 1869 he was elected to the Ohio Senate; in 1872 he was appointed Chief Justice of Montana Territory, and reappointed in 1876 and is still holding that office; about 1867 he built a fine residence on Jefferson street, now occupied by A. F. Galpin, one of our thriving merchants.

     Stephen McIntyre came to this place in 1832 and rented Ferris Webster's hotel, the present American House; he was

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appointed Post Master and held the office eleven years.  Went into the Jefferson Hotel in 1840.  In 1844 he went into partnership with Thomas Magher, in the mercantile business. - Remained with him about one year then went to New York; went into trade there; came back to Jefferson in 1849, and went into trade with Benjamin Gaylord.  In 1858, he entered into partnership with E. D. Frayer; went to New Orleans in 1863 with J. A. Giddings, to try to make something buying cotton and sugar; returned and moved to Conneaut and bought a farm in 1867.  Went to Kingsville in 1868 and bought a hotel, then to Ashtabula and bought the Ashtabula House, from there he went to Leon, and traded until 1873, when after all his changing places in his mercantile business and hotel keeping, he concluded his old home in Jefferson was a good as any; he came back and brought a comfortable house and lot and concluded to spend his days here in retirement; he is now seventy-three years old; his last purchase is the Thompson House, which he still owns.

     H. S. Hunt moved here in 1850.  The next year he built the house where he resides now, on Chestnut street; he followed the carpenter and joiner business several years.  In 1865 he built his present brick store on Jefferson street, and used it for a cabinet wareroom and shop until 1876 when he rented the west part to G. W. Beckwith, for a dry goods store, who has it well filled with a fine assortment of goods.  Mr. H. continues to use the east and upper part for cabinet ware; he had two sons and two daughters; his sons went largely into building houses for sale; they built the houses now owned by Judge Betts, H. L. St. John and E. L. Lampson on Ashtabula street, also the elegant brick house now owned by G. H. Latham on Chestnut street, and quite a number of others; they both died in 1873.  The wife of William the oldest, died in 1873; the wife of the other son, Frank, died in 1874.

     J. A. Davidson came here in 1867; he opened a clothing store on Chestnut street, where he continued to carry on business until 1870, when he built a pleasant store on Jefferson street, where he is doing a very good business, in his line; purchased the very neatly finished house built by one of the Hunt brothers, in 1867, where he now resides; he married Judge Woodbury's sister.  They have two little girls.

     There are a number of good carpenters, joiners and masons, who have contributed as much as any other class towards building up the village.  Peter Wean and Eaton Brooks, have both built good substantial houses on Satin street for themselves, by their own labor, and are still building for other peo-

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ple Winthrop Andrus, Caspar Pawley, John Woolley and Charles Warren are all good builders in town at the present time.  There are other good workmen; I cannot name them all.  There are a number of good masons:  John M. Watters has built himself a fine brick house on the corner of the public square.  I might also mention B. F. Markam, C. D. Markham, R. J. Sim, Albert E. Oliver and H. B. Seager, all of whom have pleasant homes, earned by their daily labor.

     Joseph E. Ruggles, formerly a carpenter, has had to abandon the trade on account of delicate health, and is now a lawyer, and has a commodious boarding house on Erie street.

     Loren French, an old citizen farmer, is one of our best citizens.  Among other buildings put up by him is the west grist mill, formerly known as the Griffis mill; he has also built a fine residence on Chestnut street.

     Platt R. Spencer was one of the men whom our county feels proud of.  Although he never was a permanent resident of this town, he resided here so many years while County Treasurer that we claim him as one of our citizens; his system of writing is so well known all over the country that it has become celebrated throughout the United States, and it is unnecessary to say more; his great temperance work in the county can only be appreciated by those that were conversant with him, and the labor he put forth in suppressing intemperance; he and Joel Blakeslee were the leading spirits in keeping up a Historical Society of our County; he died a few years ago, aged about seventy.  A. W. Stiles our former sheriff, is his nephew.

     Abell & McCall began business here in 1853, and soon after, built the store recently purchased by A. Kellogg on Jefferson street.

     H. N. Bancroft has been one of the most enterprising business men of our town; he has handled perhaps a half million dollars worth of real estate, within the past fifteen years.

     John Udell was formerly from Rensalier county, New York.  In 1810 he moved to Susquehanna county, Pa., and in the winter of 1818 he moved here; he and Thurston Carr, (his brother in law) with their families, came at the same time; each of them moved with a span of horses and wagon, in which they brought all their goods, also their families; that is, all who were not old enough to come on foot.  John Udell, Sen., had nine children who came with their parents.  They were subjected to all the hardships incident to all who traveled four hundred miles in that early day, with but little means and a large portion of the way a wilderness;

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he contracted with Mr. Granger for eighty acres of land, half a mile east of what is now called the west grist mill, and which farm is now owned by Shannon Brewster; built a log cabin and lived on that place about seven years; he had his hands full to support his large family, without paying anything on his land, and after making considerable improvements, he gave up the contract, and his wife lived with their son Frederick.  After enduring all the hardships and blessings incident to fifty-five years of married life, death only separated them about two days.  They died in 1851, and they sleep together, side by side, in one grave.  Mr. Udell died at the age of eighty-four; his wife at the age of seventy-seven.  They had a family of twelve children; eight sons and four daughters, and all of them lived to reach their majority.  Two sons and three daughters are dead; the others are living in the west, except three sons, who reside in Jefferson; two of them have been noticed previously in this history.

     Thomas Carr, who came with Mr. Udell, Sen., lived in this town a good many years and raised a large and respectable family; he died here at a good old age, and his children are scattered over the Western States doing good; his wife died in the West.
     The first Printing office in this place was brought here about 1828, by a man named Morehead, from Pennsylvania, who started an Anti-Maonic paper "The Luminary."  Judge Warner was its main supporter.  The office was first in the house now owned by Dr. Fricker, on the corner opposite C. S. Simonds' and W. C. Howells' residences.  Mr. Warner then built the house now owned by C. H. Williams, into which the office was moved, and where it remained until the paper was discontinued.  The "Luminary" was a fiery body and gave the Masons no  quarter.
     The next office was that of the Western Reserve Farmer and Dairyman.  The office was in the room now occupied as a grocery store by J. H. Baldwin.  The paper was in the form of an octavo, published monthly, sixteen pages.  G. B. Miller publisher, and N. E. French, then of Lenox editor.  It made its first appearance we think, in March, 1852, and after a few issues was sold and merged into the Ohio Farmer, then published by Tom Brown in Cleveland.
     On the first day of January 1853, the Ashtabula Sentinel was moved from Ashtabula to this town.  The necessity of a paper at the County Seat was constantly felt, and the great desire of the people of the town to have a paper here made it necessary that it should be brought here.  The Sentinel was then owned by Harry Fassett and W. C. Howells.  Mr. Fassett sold his interest to J. L.

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Oliver, and for a year and a half after its removal it was published by J. L. Oliver & Co.  It then passed into the hands of its present proprietors, J. A. Howells & Co., and has been published by them ever since.  The office was first in the building on the corner of Chestnut & Walnut streets, over what is now Turner's planing mill.  It was then moved to the building now owned and occupied by H. N. Smalley, opposite the Court House, from there it was moved to the building opposite W. R. Allen's store.  In August, 1863, the present handsome building for the Sentinel office was began, and completed in December of that year, at which time the office was moved into its present quarters.  The Sentinel has been under the editorial management of Hon. W. C. Howells, over twenty-five years, who probably has acted as editor longer than any other man in the State, having completed nearly his fiftieth year in the editorial harness.

    In 1852 B. J. Loomis began the publication of the Ashtabula Democrat here.  The type was set in a room over Dann's store, and the press work done at the Sentinal office.  In the fall of that year Mr. Loomis moved the office to Geneva, where for lack of support, it was soon after suspended.
     In 1870 the material used on the Madison Gazette was brought here, and in November the publication of the Jefferson Gazette, by D. Lee & Son, was begun.  The office is in the Warren hall block.

     George Sheldon came here with his father in 1840, then five years old.  At the age of seventeen he commenced to learn the carpenter's trade with C. Udell; remained with him three years, then commenced for himself, and has been very energetically engaged in building and lumbering in this town ever since.  Married Miss Ellen Bunnell; they have had five children, two have died; he has built himself a fine residence on Jefferson street.

     Our readers are well aware that the articles prepared for this history of Jefferson are from the pen of Mr. Cornelius Udell; his long residence in Jefferson, and his excellent memory pointed him out as the man eminently qualified to write these sketches; he got along well enough until he came to his own case.  We find here, as has often been noticed before, that merit and modesty go hand in hand.  He wanted to leave out his part in the play.  This we could not permit, and we have collected some facts relative to him which we propose now to print - EDITOR SENTINEL
       Cornelius Udell came to Jefferson with his father in the winter of 1818; then ten years old.  There have been no brilliant acts connected with his well spent life; but as he has been so many

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years intimately connected with the interests of our town, and although he can fill but a crevice in our history, yet we know he is not too proud to fill the place he is fitted for.  After his arrival in Jefferson, he worked at home; part of the time helping to chop down and burn trees, and part of the time working for settlers, for which he received twenty-five cents a day; and part of the time, at six dollars per month.  It was work all the time.  Sunday was always a happy day at rest.  At the age of seventeen years he commenced an apprenticeship as carpenter and joiner, and graduated at the age of twenty one, as he was then most happy to think, with freedom of person and high honors; he immediately contracted for a piece of wild land, where he now resides, and worked at his trade to procure means to pay for it.  In 1831 he built his present house, and was married in 1832; he followed building, in this and other towns in the county, for about forty years; he has built a large number of buildings, some cheap and some good ones, according to the employer's taste and purse.
     Among the many buildings put up by him are five churches.  We may be wrong, but it is our belief that he has built more houses than any other one man in the county.  Mr. Udell has occupied a prominent place in the social circle of Jefferson; his deep religious convictions have led him to take a well defined position in his church.  In politics he is out-spoken and has always been an active worker, and his friends could always rely upon him.  In temperance he is one of the most radical, although not offensively so; he was elected Justice of the Peace in 1851, and has been Assessor more times than we can now remember; has also been connected with the educational interests of the town.  When the war made it necessary to have Revenue officers, he held eight or ten years, or until the office was abolished; he, like all other mortals, has imperfections, but we have known him for years, and believe him to be a sincere christian and a gentleman, whom to know is to esteem and respect.  In conversation with him recently, he remarked that during his long life in Jefferson, he had "with but very few exceptions, always been treated with universal kindness and encouragement, both socially, politically, or financially;" He has raised six children, four sons and two daughters.  The four sons are all in business in St. Louis.  One daughter, Mrs. Orlando Hoskins, lives in this town, and the other, Mrs. Timothy Stone, in Geneva.  Mr. Udell is now in his seventieth year, and with his wife, occupies the little farm he bought and paid for by his own labor a half century ago.

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We append a little sketch which we think will please the boys.

     About 1820, when Mr. Udell was fourteen years old, he had a desire to learn a trade.  As there were no mechanics in Jefferson except a tanner and perhaps a blacksmith, his father went with him in the spring to Hubbard, Trumbull county, forty miles southeast of Jefferson, and left him with a man to learn the cloth dressing and carding business; he worked that summer at the carding machine.  In the following fall, the man with whom he lived, concluded to go east, consequently did not want young Udell.  The road was then nearly all a wilderness except through Hartford and Kinsman; his employer gave him a new wool hat and a pair of stoga shoes for his summer's work.  The good woman fitted him a knap-sack and put in provisions enough to last him till he got home, and twenty-five cents in money; he also had a few clothes which he had not worn out, that he had carried from home.  He traveled about twenty miles the first day, and staid over night with a kind family who would take nothing for his lodging.  The next day, his feet being sore, he only came to Barber's Corners, on the east line of Dorset, where he was also kept overnight without charge, so he had his two shillings to give his mother.  At that time there was but one house between the late Doctor Hawley's and Andover.  This long road was only followed by blazed trees through the wilderness.  After coming about half way through, he heard an awful crashing among the bushes to the left of him; he stood still, but his heart did not, that kept up a terrible thumping in his breast.  The noise in the bushes, he at once concluded, was made by a pack of wolves, which, of course, were bent on devouring him; he unslung the pack from his back, intending to make a run for it, and thinking if he dropped his bundle, the wolves would investigate it, thereby delaying them.  The little clearing in front of him a great drove of elk appeared; his eyes by this time were so large that the horns on the harmless animals appeared to him ten feet high; he drew a long breath of relief as the timid creatures dashed of into their native forest, and he reached home without farther adventure.