Officers of Township.
     Justices of the Peace, Allen Cochran and Thomas Platter; Trustees, David Moore, Benjamin Poole, and Robert P. McCracken; Treasurer, J. Holter; Clerk, Abram Sommers; Constables, James Hanawalt and Jacob Roberts:  Land Appraiser, William A. Jones.

Old Settlers.
     W. A. Shoults father, John Shoults, emigrated to Ohio from Rockingham county, Virginia, in 1812; was in the war of 1812; was a blacksmith, wagon and cabinet-maker; died aged eighty-two years and six months; lived on Point creek forty years.  His brother, Christian Shoults, emigrated to Ohio at the same time, and died some years since in the State of Indiana.
     Jacob Shotts was born in Augusta county, Virginia; served as county commissioner one term; was trustee of township for several years; has lived on Paint creek for forty-six years.  David Shotts, son of Jacob, served several years as trustee of township; was captain of militia.  Joseph, another son, served several years as justice of the peace.

Ancient Burying Ground.
     On Mr. Higby's farm, adjoining Mr. Shott' lands, is quite an extensive ancient burying ground, where many human skeletons have been found; some of them of very large size.  On the farm of Mr. A. Roberts, there is another burying ground.  Last summer, the hogs rooted out of the earth the entire frame of a man of very large size.  The under jaw bones would easily go over an ordinary man's face.

[Pg. 40]
     Hugh Cochran emigrated to Ohio from near Lexington, Kentucky, in the year 1797; was in the war of 1812; served during the war, and died aged seventy-five. years.  His sister, Elizabeth, was the first woman married in the Scioto Valley.  In Howe's History of Ohio, we find the following account of the same: "On the 17th day of April, 1798, the families of Colonel Worthington and Dr. Tiffin arrived—at which time the first marriage in the Scioto Valley was celebrated, the parties being George Kilgore and Elizabeth Cochran.  The ponies of the attendants of the wedding were hitched to the trees along the streets, which were then not cleared out, nearly the whole town being a wilderness."
     James Browning's father, Joseph Browning was a soldier in the war of 1812; was a tailor; died aged sixty-five years.
     John Lance's father emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania in 1808; was a weaver; died aged sixty-eight years.  John, now living, aged sixty-seven years, is a harness-maker.
     Daniel P. March's father, Stephen March, emigrated to Ohio, from the then Territory of Maine, in the year 1817; was judge of the court and justice of the peace for many years; died aged sixty-five years.  His brothers, Henry and Joseph H. March, were in the war of 1812.  Joseph served a part of the time as a substitute for a hotel-keeper living in Kentucky, who was drafted.  His wife's distress, in regard to losing her husband from, moved the sympathies of Mr. March, and he offered himself as a substitute and was accepted.
     Isaac Conner emigrated to Ohio from New Jersey in the year 1805, and was in the Revolutionary war; died aged eighty-two years.  His son, John C. Conner, of Bourneville, served in the war of 1812, in Captain David Sutton's company, for six months, and was paid, after he was discharged, at the rate of eight dollars per month, and received a land warrant for one hundred and sixty acres of land also.  He furnished his own uniform, consisting of linsey pants and home-made linen shirts.

[Pg. 41]
They rendezvoused at Newark for about two months; from there he went to Urbana; stayed a short time; then to Finley's block-house; from there to Sowlon's town; remained a short time; from there through the Black swamp to the rapids of the Maumee; where he remained a few days, when part of the brigade wa ordered back to Fort Meigs, where they were discharged.  His company suffered terribly by exposure to the cold and wet; they had to wade river, swamps, etc.; had often to cut brush and pile them up so as to make themselves a place to lie upon to keep their bodies out of the water and mud.  They made their bread by mixing flour with water; then, wrapping the dough around sticks, held it to the fire to bake.  He says they were often put on picket guard at eight o'clock in the morning, and not relieved until the same hour next morning, and sometimes it was raining and freezing all night.  His brother, Joseph Conner who died from exposure while in the service, was only eighteen years of age, and of a delicate constitution; he was buried with the honors of war.  J. C. Conneris a millwright and surveyor; has served as township officer for many years in different capacities; was treasurer fifteen years, and was captain of militia.  HE further says, at one time during his soldier life, there was one morning one hundred men sent out to stand picket guard, and they were kept out until the next morning at eight ockock - the night being very severe, raining and freezing all the time - and out of the one hundred men, only nineteen lived.  Among the number who died was his brother above mentioned.
     Gideon Coover, father of John Coover, emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania, in the year 1800; was drafted to serve in the war of 1812, but furnished substitute; died aged forty-seven years.  Samuel Coover emigrated to Ohio in 1808; was a tailor, died aged eighty-eight years.  David Coover, brother of Samuel died aged seventy years.  William Campbell emigrated to Ohio at an early day; he was a resident of Twin township for sixty-five years; served during the war of 1812, and was one of the bravest soldiers in his regiment.  John

[Pg. 42]
Campbell, his son, a farmer, is still living.  Thomas McDonald emigrated to Ohio, from Scotland, at an early day; served in the war in 1812; now dead.  David Somers emigrated from Virginia at an early day; was a soldier in the war of 1812; now dead.
     Shredrich Wroten emigrated from Delaware in 1806; was a soldier in the Revolutionary war; served five years and six months; was sergeant in his company; died aged eighty-nine years and six months.  His son, Laban Wroten, has served his township for several years as constable and captain of militia; was a grocer and farmer; as a home hunter, has killed many bears, deer, turkeys, wild cats, etc.; had been, in his younger days, quite a muscular man, and in early times when corn huskings, log rollings, raisings, etc., were in vogue, has had many a hard fought battle, in the way of fisticuffs, and it was but seldom that he did not come off victorious.  John  Freshour, Sen., emigrated to Ohio, from Virginia, at quite an early day; he was one of the first settlers on Paint creek; was a soldier in the Revolutionary war; died aged eighty-five years.  On of his sons, Daniel Freshour, was in the war of 1812; is still living.  John, another son, died aged seventy-one years; was quite an extensive farmer on Paint creek.  James McMillen, carpenter, now dead.
     Simon Johnston, Sen., was one among the earliest settlers; was a soldier in the Revolutionary war.  Barney Minney was in the war of 1812; John Harness also; is now dead.  Nelson Prather, farmer, dead.  Enos Prather was quite an extensive farmer on Paint creek in his day; he removed to Kansas several years since, where he lately died.
     Ralph Cheney father of James Chaney, was an early settler; has been dead for many years.  He came to his death in the following manner:  He was out one day felling a tree, and the wind, blowing very hard, threw it the way he did not expect it to fall, and caught him under it.

[Pg. 43]
     Allen Cochran, Sen., father of John and Allen Cochran, Jr., served as justice of the peace, in Twin township, for fifteen years; died aged sixty-two years.  Isaac N. McCracken was justice of the peace and associate judge for several years.  David Cochran, one of the early settlers, furnished wood for the legislature at its first sitting in Chillicothe.
     Richard Acton emigrated to Ohio, from Kentucky, in the year 1800; was a soldier in the war of 1812, under Major Willett; died aged forty-five years.  His son, Jacob Acton, of Bourneville, harness-maker, has been a resident of Twin township thirty years; he was two years and seven months in the service of the United States, as a sailor on the Levant, a first-class sloop of war of twenty-six guns - six of them Paxton guns of eighty-four pounds; two fifteen pounds; the balance thirty-two pounds.  John Hannawalt, tailor, emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio, in 1820; lived in the village of Bourneville over forty years; served as captain of the Independent Riflemen at one time; is still living; aged seventy-two years.
     The village of Bourneville contains about one hundred and fifty inhabitants, two stores, three groceries, one saloon, three churches, three blacksmith shops, one tannery, two harness shops, two shoemakers, two wagon makers, one post-office (post-master, Abram Sommers), one cabinet-maker, one carpenter's shop and cabinet-maker's combined.
     In this village, in the month of October, 1844, there was a brutal murder committed.  Frederick Edwards was a storekeeper at the time, and, being a bachelor, he slept in the store, and was reported to have a considerable amount of money.  Two fiends in human shape, by the names of Thomas and Maxwell, concocted a plan for robbing Mr. Edwards; and breaking into the store for that purpose - not expecting to find any one there - they were attacked by Mr. Edwards, and a terrible struggle ensued, in which the latter lost his wife.  Thomas and Maxwell made their escape, but were afterward captured, tried, and found guilty.  Thomas was hung in Chillicothe, in March, 1846.  Maxwell made his escape, aided, as

[Pg. 44]
some suppose, by a woman from Cincinnati, who clamed to be his wife, and was never recaptured.
     John McNeal, father of Robert McNeal, was a resident of Twin township for over fifty years; died aged seventy-five years.  His son, Archibald, was a soldier in the war of 1812; died aged sixty-five years.
     Abijah Flora, a carpenter, emigrated from Virginia to Ohio, or the then Northwestern Territory, at a very early day; he served in the war of the Revolution as lieutenant of his company; was one of the first settlers in Heller's bottom, on Paint creek; died aged seventy years.  His son, Thomas ahs been a resident of Ross county upward of sixty years; he was called out during the war of 1812, and furnished a substitute.  He was a great hunter in his younger days; and when quite a lad he went on a hunting expedition with his father and the Rev. James B. Finley, William Murphy, Jacob Myers, and Simon Girty, Jr., son of the noted Simon Girty of historical notoriety.  The company started with dogs and guns, and upon arriving at a small creek - now known as Black run, the dividing line between Huntington and Twin townships - on the farm now owned by Mr. John Schligle of Chillicothe, just above the barn now being built on the left of the road, the dogs treed a bear up a large poplar, of which tree the stump and part of the body still remain.  They managed to shoot the old bear, and cutting down the tree found two young cubs.  Mr. Flora says he enjoyed the sport finely, and would like to live those days over again.  At another time, his father and Mr. George Vincent Heller were out walking one Sunday morning, through the beautiful forest bottoms of Paint creek, when they discovered some bear tracks in the soft ground, and followed them to a large elm tree, and found there was a den in the hollow of the tree several feet up.  They started to inform their neighbors, and soon collected quite a number of men, women, and children, who with dogs and guns went along to see the fun.  The first thing they did was to cut a small tree and lodge it against the one containing the bear; this accom-

[Pg. 45]
plished, Mr. Jacob Heller went up the tree which had been lodged, and found the hole in the tree extended several feet down in the body, but they managed to get Mr. Heller a long papaw pole, to which they attached a bunch of hickory bark, which they set on fire, and, when in full blaze, Mr. Heller thrust it down in the hollow of the tree.  Bruin soon made his appearance at the entrance of the hole, when George Heller raised his gun to shoot; he told Jacob his head was in the way; he answered to fire away, as he was the matter of an inch or so out of the way; his brother fired, and the fur from the bear flew into his face and eyes, so close was he to the bear.  The bear fell to the ground, and, amidst the howls of dogs, and shouts of men, and screams of women and children, bruin was hastily dispatched.
     At another time, a Mr. Murphy treed a bear, and collected several of his neighbors, with their dogs and guns; among them Mr. Flora, my informant, then quite a lad.  The tree was hollow, and when it fell the tree broke in two where the hole was.  An old bear and two cubs rolled out, and immediately took to flight, the dogs and men in full chase; they soon overtook and dispatched them
     On returning, they passed by the tree which they had felled, when Mr. Flora, out of curiosity, stooped down and peeped into the hollow tree as it lay, when, to his surprise, out jumped another yearling bear, which took after him.  He ran a short distance, and, finding the bear about to overtake him, he turned and ran back, the bear in full chase.  He mounted the stump of the fallen tree, when the dogs came to his relief, and soon one of the party of men came up and dispatched the bear with his rifle, much to the relief of the boy.

Names of Old Settlers.

     The first preacher was William Kerns, and the first school teacher a Mr. Wilcox. William Reed was justice of the peace for many years. John Core and James Russell served in the war of 1812; Benjamin Brackey, Presley Johnston, John Reed, and David Breedlove emigrated to Ohio, from Kentucky, in

[Pg. 46]
early days.  Peter Shanks, Alex. Johnston, Thomas Ladd, George Kilgore, Philip Maston, Robert McMahon, and Daniel Devoss were among the first settlers in Heller's bottom, on Paint creek.  When they first settled there they owned a fine young sow, with a brood of pigs, which they had to fasten under their cabin at night, to prevent the bears from carrying off.  Late one night they heard the squealing of their sow, and knew a bear had made his way to her by some means, and was carrying her off into the forest.  They hastily arose, all in their night clothes; the old lady prepared a torch by splitting a clapboard or two, and Mr. Devoss called several neighbors from their cabins near by, and they with their dogs and guns gave chase, the old lady carrying the torch and lighting the way.  The dogs soon overtook the bear with his burden, and the men coming up, dispatched bruin, and rescued the sow but little injured; but the men and old lady, in running through the nettles, which at that time were very thick and waist high, had their naked legs terribly pricked and scratched.  Mr. Flora says when a bear captures a hog, he does not stop to kill it, but will hug it in his arms and commence eating until he has finished his repast, the hog squealing all the time as long as life lasts.
     George J. Moore emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania in 1813; was a farmer; died in 1850.  His son, David Moore, lives on the Milford and Chillicothe turnpike.  In constructing said pike, several human skeletons were dug up near his house, some of them of very large size and some very small, as though of infants.  Also, on Mr. Philip A. Road's farm, others, of similar sizes, were found.
     Daniel E. Dolohan says his father, Michael Dolohan, emigrated to Ohio from Virginia about the year 1802; was in the service in the war of 1812, as scout; died aged ninety-one years.  Thomas Hanks emigrated to Ohio about 1790; was a soldier in the Revolutionary war; his sons, Joseph and John, were soldiers in the war of 1812; all dead.  David Collins and a Mr. Miller built what are known as the Slate mills, on the north

[Pg. 47]
fork of Paint creek, which was one of the first flouring mills in the county.  Jesse Wiley, Casper C. Pliley's father, Philip C. Pliley, William Pliley, and Jefferson Pliley emigrated to Ohio at a very early day.  Their father was in the Revolutionary war.  John Ward died in Hardin county, in 1867, at a very advanced age; was in the war of 1812, under General Harrison.
     Benning Wentworth gives us the names of James Matthews, who emigrated from Scotland to Ohio in early days, and was treasurer of Highland county for a term of years, and Robert Waddle, also from Scotland, who was under Wellington at the battle of Waterloo, and a great player on the bag-pipe.
     Peter Shaner emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania in 1800; served in the war of 1812, and helped cut out the Lebanon road, and is now living, aged eighty-six years.  His father, Peter Shaner, Sen., was in the war of the Revolution, fought at the battle of Brandywine, and died at the age of seventy.  John Gossard emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania, in 1808; was in the war of 1812, and served several years, in different capacities, as township officer; died aged fifty-six years.  Philip Gossard and Jacob Gossard served in the war of 1812; are now dead.  James Nichols, miller and hotel keeper at the Slate mills in early days, served in the war of 1812; is now dead.  Henry Sharp served in the war of 1812, and as justice of the peace for many years.  Dilard Rowe, Abott Rowe, and David Rowe served in the war of 1812.  Charles Craig and John Craig were in the war of 1812, and their grandfather was in the Revolutionary war.  Alex. Craig and a Mr. Wilson were the first school teachers for many years.  William Craig was the first man who drove a wagon and team to Chillicothe over Zane's trace.

Colonel John McDonald.—(From the Scioto Gazette.)

     "Colonel John McDonald was born Jan. 28, 1775, in Pennsylvania.  His early life was spent upon the frontiers of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky.  Before arriving at the age of twenty years he entered the military service, under

[Pg. 48]
General Wayne.  He was attached to the army commanded by that veteran general in 1794, and was present, on the 20th of August of that year, at the memorable battle with the Indians on the Maumee.  In 1796 became to Chillicothe, where he was married to Miss Catherine Cutwright in 1799.  He settled on Poplar ridge in the year 1802.  He held, in his lifetime, various offices in the militia, and served as colonel.  In the war of 1812 he went with the Ohio troops to the frontier, in the double capacity of paymaster and quartermaster, and was taken prisoner at the surrender of Detroit.  In 1813 he was appointed a captain in the regular army.  In 1814 he was placed in command of a regiment of regular troops at Detroit, and remained in the service until peace was made and the army disbanded.  In 1817 he was elected to the Ohio senate, and served for two terms.  At a late period of his life be wrote and published a very interesting and popular work, comprising sketches of the first settlements on the Ohio, with biographical sketches of distinguished pioneers.  Colonel McDonald was very extensively known, and greatly respected as an intelligent and useful citizen; and so long as the early history of the Scioto Valley shall be preserved, he will be kept in honorable recollection." 
     Rev. James B. Finley gives the following account of Colonel McDonald [See Finley's Autobiography, pp. 123-130]:
     "Colonel John McDonald, one of my early companions, was of Scotch descent.  His father was connected with the army of the Revolution from its first organization up to the year 1780.  John was born in Northumberland county, on the 28th of January, 1775.  His father crossed the mountains with his family in 1780, and settled at a place called Mingo Bottom, three miles below the present site of Steubenville.  The Ohio river was then the extreme frontier, constituting the dividing line between the white and red man.  No line, however, was sufficient to form a barrier against the invasions of both parties.  The white man was as frequently the aggressor as the Indian, and many were the scenes of suffering, carnage, and massacre witnessed along this border line.  My young friend was reared

[Pg. 49]
amid all the dangers of a border war. In the year 1789 his father removed to Washington, Ky., where we were then residing, and soon after their arrival my acquaintance with young McDonald commenced.
     ''The first excursion of my friend McDonald was taken with Kenton.  Three men from near Washington went out on a hunting expedition, and encamped on the waters of Bracken, about ten miles from home.  While they were out hunting a party of Indians came upon their camp, and placed themselves
in ambush, to waylay the hunters on their return at night.  The names of two of the hunters were Dan Figgans and Josiah Wood; the name of the other is forgotten.  It was late when the party returned.  As they were preparing their supper the Indians crept up stealthily, and fired, killing Wood and the one
whose name is forgotten.  Figgans, being unhurt, fled for his life.  The Indians started in pursuit, with the most hideous yells.  The race was most fearfully kept up, but Figgans distanced his pursuers, and at midnight reached Washington, where he alarmed his friends at Kenton's Station.  This bold warrior immediately mounted his horse, and, in a short time, having raised a company, started in pursuit.  Young McDonald was anxious to accompany them, but his father, thinking him too young, being but fifteen years of age, to be of any service, refused his consent.  He was not, however, to be deterred; so stealing his father's rifle and horse, he started at full speed, and soon overtook the company.  They arrived at the place about sunrise, and a most shocking scene presented itself to their view.  One of the men had been scalped, and thrown into the fire, where he was nearly consumed; the other had also been scalped, and cut to pieces with the Indian hatchet.  The party proceeded to the mournful work of depositing their remains in the ground; and ascertaining by the tracks of the horses that the Indians had directed their course for the Ohio river, they started after them.  When they arrived at the river, they found that the Indians, without waiting a moment, had plunged in and swam across, thus cutting off pursuit.  This dreadful sight

[Pg. 50]
had a tendency somewhat to cool the ardor of the youthful warrior, who, nevertheless, would have been glad of an opportunity for taking revenge upon the savage foe.
     "From this time McDonald was constantly engaged with scouting, hunting, and surveying parties.  In the spring of 1792 he joined General Massie's settlement at Manchester, twelve miles above Maysville.  This was the third settlement on the northwest side of the Ohio river, above Cincinnati, or Losantiville, as the town was called. This infant settlement, together with the lives of all in the station, was in constant danger.  Many and exciting were the scenes by which they were surrounded.  Sometimes they were deeply depressed, and anon, when danger was over, their spirits rose exulting at the trials and conflicts through which they had passed.  A report would sometimes come in that one of their number had fallen by the hand of the enemy, which would cast a shade of sadness and gloom on all hearts; then again the intelligence that the bold and daring hunter had captured the foe, would inspire them with courage. Thus life was made up of constant alternations of hope and despondency.  This constant warfare made the early settlers so familiar with scenes of blood and carnage, that they became, in a measure, indifferent spectators, and at the same time reckless and fearless of all danger.  Scenes of horror that would have congealed the blood in the veins of those unaccustomed to them, would scarcely move the heart of the hardy pioneer.
     "In the spring of 1794 Colonel McDonald and his brother, Thomas joined General Wayne's army, as rangers, or spies.  The company of rangers consisted of seventy-two, of whom Captain Ephraim Kibby was commander.  He was a true Jersey blue, fully adequate to any emergency growing out of his highly responsible position.  It was the duty of the rangers to traverse the Indian country in every direction, in advance of the army. This was not only a toilsome, but a dangerous work.  The company was divided into small detachments, which

[Pg. 51]
started out in every direction, and, after scouring the country, returned and made tlieir report to headquarters.
     "Early in November of the year above mentioned, Mr. Lucas Sullivan, a land-speculator and surveyor from Virginia, collected a company of twenty-one men to go upon a surveying tour into the Scioto country.  This was a hazardous undertaking.  Notwithstanding the Indians had been severely beaten
by General Wayne, a few months previously, yet the country was far from a state of peace.  Attached to this company were three surveyors, namely, John and Nathaniel Beasley, and Sullivan, who was the chief.  Young McDonald was connected with this company.  Every man carried his own baggage and
arms, consisting of a rifle, tomahawk, and scalping-knife.  While engaged in surveying, the hunters would go in advance as spies, and the surveyor, chain-carriers, and marksmen would follow in line, the whole being brought up by the pack-horse and the man who cooked for the company.  It was his business to keep a good look-out, so that the enemy should not attack them in the rear.  In this military manner was most of the surveying in Ohio and Kentucky performed.  They did not carry any provisions with them, but depended on their rifles for a living, which seldom failed to afford them an abundant supply.
     "Having taken Todd's trace, they pursued their journey till they came to Paint creek, at the old crossings.  From thence they proceeded to old Chillicothe, now Frankfort, and thus on to Deer creek, where they encamped at the mouth of Hay run.  In the morning Sullivan, McDonald, and Murray went down to Deer creek with the intention of taking its meanderings back to the camp.  They had not proceeded more than a hundred rods till a flock of turkeys came flying toward them.  McDonald and Murray being on the bank of the creek, near to a pile of drift-wood, Murray, without reflecting a moment that the turkeys must have been driven toward them by some persons, slipped up to a tree and shot a turkey.  He then slipped back, and as there were more turkeys on the tree, McDonald slipped up to the position left by his companion.  Just as he

[Pg. 52]
was about to fire, the sharp crack of a rifle fell on his ears, and, turning instantly, he saw poor Murray fall to rise no more.  Looking in the direction from whence the messenger of death came, he saw several Indians with their rifles leveled at him.  Quick as thought he sprang over the bank into the creek, and they fired but missed him.  The Indians followed hard after him, yelling and screaming like fiends.  Running across the bottom, he met Sullivan and three others of the company.  Sullivan instantly threw away his compass and clung to his rifle.  Their only safety was in rapid flight, as the Indians were too numerous to encounter.  As they ran the Indians fired upon them, one of the balls striking Colvin's cue at the tie, which shocked him so much that he thought himself mortally wounded.  But he was a brave young man, and being fleet of foot, he ran up the creek and gave the alarm at the camp, stating that he believed all were killed but himself.  Those at camp of course fled as soon as possible.  McDonald and his party ran across the bottom to the high land, and after running three miles struck a prairie.  Casting their eye over it, they saw four Indians trotting along the trace.  They thought of running round the prairie and heading them, but not knowing how soon those in pursuit would be upon them, and perchance they would get between two fires, they adopted the better part of valor and concealed themselves in the grass till the Indians were out of sight.  After remaining there for some time they went to the camp and found it deserted.  Just as they were about to leave, one of the company espied a note stuck in the end of a split stick, to this effect, "If you should come, follow the trail."  It was then sundown, and they knew they would not be able to follow the trail after dark.  When night came on, they steered their course by starlight.
     ''They had traveled a distance of eight or nine miles.  It was a cold, dreary night, and the leaves being frozen, the sound of their footsteps could be heard some distance.  All at once they heard something break and run as if it were a gang of buffaloes.  At this they halted and remained silent for some

[Pg. 53]
time.  After a while the fugitives could be heard coming back softly.  Supposing that it might be their companions, McDonald and McCormick concluded to creep up slowly and see.  They advanced till they could hear them cracking hazel-nuts with their teeth. They also heard them whisper to one another, but
could not tell whether they were Indians or white men.  They cautiously returned to Sullivan, and the company, after deliberation, finally concluded to call, which they did, and found, to their joy, that it was their own friends who fled from them.  They had mutual rejoicings at meeting again, but poor Murray was left a prey to the Indians and wolves.  They now commenced their journey homeward, and, after three days' travel, arrived at Manchester."

Names of Old Settlers, furnished by Col. John C. McDonald, Jr.
     Alex. Given emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania about 1800; was in the war of 1812; bought land of General McArthur and paid for it by months' work; died of cancer in 1858.  Isaac Pearce.  Aaron Foster emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio; was in the war of 1812; was adjutant under Colonel John McDonald; served as justice of the peace for twenty-one years; was county commissioner one term; died in 1862.  Samuel Teter emigrated to Ohio from Washington county, Pennsylvania, about the year 1798; had four sons, Samuel, George, John, and Daniel; all served in the war of 1812, except Samuel; all dead.  John Core emigrated from Maryland to Ohio in 1800; was a millwright and blacksmith, and built the first mill in Twin township; his three sons, John, Henry, and Chrisley, served in the war of 1812; Chrisley started the day after he became eighteen years of age.  Henry was sergeant-major on Colonel McDonald's staff during the war.  William Reed emigrated from Delaware to Ohio in 1798; was justice of the peace for several years.  Philip and Daniel Hare emigrated from Delaware in the year 1797; Daniel was captain of a company during the war of 1812, under Colonel McDonald.  David Elliott was captain of a company in the war of 1812.  Benjamin

[Pg. 54]
Turner emigrated from Delaware to Ohio at an early day.  Samuel Turner was one of the first hotel-keepers.  Nathan Reeves and Ephraim Camper were the first school teachers.  Jacob Myers served as major in the war of 1812; was one of the bravest officers of his regiment; he was a carpenter.  John Mahan was in the war of 1812.  John Walker built one of the first mills in the township; was a blacksmith.  John Summerville emigrated from Scotland to America, and settled in Twin township at an early day; was quartermaster under Colonel McDonald during the campaign of 1814; served as justice of the peace for many years; is still living.  James Summerville was in the war of 1812, and was killed in the battle of Tippecanoe.  Archy McDonald emigrated to Ohio from Scotland.  He came as a British soldier, but deserted and joined the American forces; was at the surrender of Lord Cornwallis.  His two sons, John and William, served in the war of 1812.  Joseph and Jacob Myers were in the war of 1812.  Colonel John C. McDonald, Jr., who furnishes the above, is living, aged fifty-nine years, but his well preserved physical condition would not indicate that he had reached that period in life.  He is a practical farmer, and one of the representative men of that great interest.  He served one term as sheriff of the county, to the credit of himself and county, and refused any further honors in that line, although his many friends would have been pleased to have given him their suffrages.  He served during his time as land appraiser and filled several township offices.

Reminiscences by James P. Brown.

     "I was born in Fauquier county, Virginia, and emigrated to Ohio in 1816.  Lived several years on the south branch of the Potomac, in Virginia.  Was a volunteer in the war of 1812, under one Captain Ashby; was at the battle of Hampton Roads, under Generals Cobin and Crutchfield; the latter ordered about Six hundred of us to advance and fire on about two thousand of the enemy.  After giving the order, Crutchfield ran, and was not seen by his men until they found him about twelve miles

[Pg. 55]
distant from the fight.  There were seven or eight of our men killed.  We stood the fire of the enemy for some time, until it became too hot for us, and then retreated.  General Cobin was wounded in the wrist.  The ball went up his arm and came out at the elbow.  He was on one side of a post and rail fence at the time he received the wound, and the enemy all around him, when one of our men broke down the fence and took him to the rear with his horse.  Just before receiving his wound, he called to Captain Ashby, saying: 'I know you and your men will fight; fight on!'  But he was soon wounded, and ordered a retreat.  One of our men, John Barr, was shot through the leg, and cried out: 'Oh, Lord, I am dead!'  I took his gun to carry, when Barr got up and took to his heels, soon passing me in his flight; he had only received a flesh wound.  After the fight was over, we commenced preparing our repast, which was composed of spoiled provisions, cooked in a few old rusty kettles."  My informant says he paid two dollars and fifty cents per week for his board, and rations thrown in; he was not paid off for some time after being discharged, and had to pay his own way home.  He is now living, aged eighty-three years.  His father, Daniel Brown, was of English descent, and was a distiller in Virginia. He settled in that State during the
war of the Revolution, and had eight sons and eight daughters.  John Camelin. father of Mrs. John Baum, emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio about 1800.  Was called out during the war of 1812, but furnished a substitute; died aged about ninety-one years.  Was born on the fourth day of July, 1776, the day of the Declaration of Independence.

By James Demoss.

     James Demoss, Sen., emigrated from Ireland at an early day; was a soldier in the war of 1812; was a painter; died during the war by disease contracted while in the service.  Benjamin Grimes, one of the early emigrants, settled in Heller's Bottom at quite an early day, and was many years a class leader in the Methodist Church; was married four times; died

[Pg. 56]
several years since in Fayette county, Ohio.  His son, George Grimes, is now living on what is known as the Barger farm, near the village of Bourneville.  On Mr. Grimes' farm is quite an extensive circular fortification, containing about eight acres; the embankment is now some eight or ten feet in hight.  Near Mr. Demoss' dwelling, a few years ago, while the hands were working the public road, in digging into a bank they found an entire human frame of a very large size.  Old settlers, William McCauley, Matthias Cooney; physician, Isaac Verden.  By Mrs. McKenzie, mother-in-law of Mr. William Igo.  Her father, Daniel Hare, emigrated from Pennsylvania to Kentucky, and from there to Ohio, in 1796.  Her husband's grandfather was a drum-major in the Revolutionary war, and served seven years.  Her husband, Mr. McKenzie, was in the war of 1812, as captain of a company for some time, when the companies were consolidated, which relieved him; died aged about eighty years.  He was for many years a leader in the M. E. Church.  Mrs. McKenzie says her father came to Ohio without bringing his family, for the purpose of hunting and laying up a supply of meat for the next summer.  He first chopped down a large tree, and cut it off some twelve or fifteen feet long; this he split in two and dug them out in the shape of troughs; the one half he filled with buffalo, bear, deer, and wild turkey, and salted them down; then placing the troughs together, one on top of the other, he covered it with a lot of brush so as to deceive the Indians, telling them that when he he came out in the spring, and the brush had become dry, he intended to burn that log up. In the spring when Mr. Hare and his family arrived, they found their meat all right.  At one time Mr. Hare went to watch a deer lick, and after fixing up a blind and being seated some time, he heard something approaching him through the brush in his rear, and upon turning around, near him, was a large panther crouching, and in the act of springing upon him; he fired his rifle at the panther, when it made one terrible scream and took off through the

[Pg. 57]
thick woods one way and Mr. Hare the other, fully satisfied to leave for the present.
     Mrs. McKenzie is now aged about seventy-nine years; she and her mother were the first two white women who settled on Paint creek.  Her playmates were the young squaws, and she says, "many a romp have I had with them, and as fearless of danger as though they had been white children."  "When we
first settled on Paint creek, father had to go to Limestone for our meal and salt; some times we would use the hominy block in lieu of going to the mill for meal."  At one time when her father was away from home, some Indians came to their cabin and asked her mother for salt, they being very fond of that article.  The old lady refused to give them any.  One Indian became enraged, and said: "My gun shoot by and by."  But the old lady did not give them the salt, and they left seemingly much enraged.  She, after they had left, feared they would return before her husband and do some mischief but they did not; and when he returned, she told him how the Indians had treated her in his absence, whereupon he went to the Indian
camp and informed their chief that one of his men had been at his cabin and insulted his wife.  The chief called up the guilty Indian, and snatching the hatchet from Mr. McKenzie's belt, he beat the Indian over the head with it at a terrible rate.  The Indian cried piteously during the castigation, and when the chief returned Mr. McKenzie's hatchet, he told him that that Indian would not trouble his family any more, and he did not.  Mrs. McKenzie says her father was a great hunter in his time, and killed many bears, deer, turkeys, panthers, buffalo, etc.  The buffalo used to mix with their farm cattle and were quite tame.  Her father first settled near the big falls of Paint creek, on General Massie's land, and while living there she has heard the screams of the panther and wolf in the night quite near their cabin.  The first school teacher was David Reed; the first preachers were William and Edward Carnes; the first school house was built on the lands now owned by Howard Newman.

[Pg. 58]
By William Jgo.

     His father, Lewis Igo, emigrated from Pennsylvania to Kentucky in the year 1794, and from Kentucky to Ohio in 1798, and bought the first land on Twin creek from General McArthur.  It was the first tract of land sold by him in the county.  My informant, born and raised on the same farm, and still living on it, is now sixty years of age.  His father, on first arriving in the country, procured meat for his family by hunting in the dense forests of that then wilderness; and for meal, he made occasional trips to the mills in Kentucky, or manufactured it himself by a hand-mill.  When they first settled, their nearest neighbor was at the Slate Mills, on the north fork of Paint creek, where R. E. Seymore now lives.
     On Mr. Igo's farm is an old Indian trail, which leads from Pee Pee to Old Chillicothe.  The trail in places is yet quite perceptible.
     My informant's brother, Paul Igo, who now resides in the State of Illinois, was the first white child born in Twin township.  He was born in February, 1799.
     I was shown, by my informant, a powder-horn and pouch that has been in use in the family over one hundred years.  The strap is made of elk skin, and the pouch of buckskin.  Its first owner was a great hunter, and has carried it thousands of miles through Virginia, Kentucky, and Ohio.
     Near the house, one night, Mr. Igo's father heard a disturbance among his sheep.  He got up, and taking his loaded gun, went out to see what the trouble was, leaving his ammunition behind.  He heard the dogs in full chase after something, which they soon treed on a large stump several feet high.  Upon drawing near, he discovered an animal of some kind on the stump, and, taking as good an aim as the darkness would admit, fired at it.  He then called to his wife to bring him some ammunition and the ramrod, which he had left at the house in his haste.  His wife soon brought the ammunition, but forgot the ramrod.  There was near the stump a lot of blue

[Pg. 59]
ash chips, where Mr. Igo had been hewing some puncheons.  They raked the chips together, and he set fire to them, telling his wife that, as he could go more quickly back to the cabin after the ramrod, she had better await his return.  The old lady, being a little nervous, said she would not stay there, but go herself, which she did.  By this time, Mr. Igo had quite a fire burning from his chip-pile, by the light of which he saw on the stump a large panther, his eyes glaring down upon his pursuer like two balls of fire.  Mr. Igo soon reloaded his trusty rifle, and fired the second shot, which took effect in the head of the panther, but too low down to penetrate the brain.  The animal now began descending the stump backward, while Mr. Igo quickly reloaded his gun, and when the panther neared the ground, he fired again, the ball passing through its body, soon putting an end to its life.  It measured nine feet from tip to tip.

By Henry Pool.

     J. W. Pool, the father of Henry, emigrated from Maryland in 1813.  He left his native State on the day of Perry's victory on Lake Erie; lived in Ohio exactly ten years, and died at the age of fifty; he was a blacksmith.  Henry Pool is now sixty-five years of age.  His father-in-law, George Vincent Heller, and also Jacob Vincent Heller, were in the Indian fight on Paint creek, at the Reeves' crossing.  George was one of the chain-carriers who assisted in laying out the city of Chillicothe.
     Mrs. Henry Pool says that she lived in Heller's Bottom with her father for several years.  She particularly remembers one winter.  In February, a deep snow had fallen, and was followed by rain.  Mr. Heller had several tenants on his land at the time, and among them one named Russell, who lived with his family in a small cabin.  On the evening of the storm, Mr. Heller told the men they had better move out of their houses, as a flood was coming, and the bottom would be inun-

[Pg. 60]
dated before morning.  Mr. Heller's house being on high ground, they all moved to it with their families, except Russell, who sent his family out, bat could not himself be persuaded to leave his cabin.  The water shortly began to rise, and soon flooded the lower part of the house.  He then took a kettle, filled it with coals of fire, and ascended to the loft of the cabin.  But soon the water began to make its appearance there also, when he commenced calling for help, but amid the roaring of the flood it seems no one heard him.  He finally took a cake of deer's tallow, which he found in the cabin loft, and, taking off his shirt, tore it into strips, which he wrapped around the tallow, and then set it on fire with the coals in his kettle.  Tearing off a portion of the roof, and elevating his light on a pole, he soon attracted the attention of his friends, who came to his relief in a dug-out, and conveyed him to safe ground.  In the morning his cabin could nowhere be found, the flood having carried it away.  During the inundation, says Mrs. Pool, one of the neighbors lost a fine two-year old heifer, and one day, when hunting for her, after the water had subsided, he found her hanging by the neck in the fork of a buckeye tree, fourteen feet from the ground, quite dead.  What would our farmers, living in Paint creek valley, say if such a flood should make its appearance in these days?
     Mr. Heller was one of the first farmers who brought sheep into the county.  He was a local preacher and justice of the peace for many years.  On the farm of Joseph Ross, some years since, stood a largo hollow sycamore tree, with a hole cut in one side in the shape of a wedge, wide at the top, and cut down to a point, which is supposed to have been done by the Indians for the purpose of catching wolves, by placing meat on the inside so as to induce them to place their necks in this notch.  Mr. Heller at one time started out to watch a deer lick, on the land he owned on Paint creek.  After he had prepared his blind, and had been seated a short time, he saw a large bear jump up on a large poplar log near the lick, and in a few seconds a large panther made its appearance on the other

[Pg. 61]
end of the log.  They made for each other, and when they met the bear struck the panther one powerful blow with his paw, and knocked him off.   Mr. Heller did not stay to see the fight finished, but made a hasty exit for home.  One day a Mr. Daniel Devoss, whose name appears in another place, and who lived on the ridge near what is called the Spruce hill, was out hunting his horses, when he met a neighbor's boy hunting cows, each having a dog with them.  When passing along near the northwest side of the hill, the dogs commenced a furious barking a short distance from them.  When Mr. Devoss and the lad approached near the spot, they saw a large panther, who was jumping at their dogs from under some pine brush.  When they came up the panther made a spring down the hill, the dogs following him, but they soon brought him to bay, and by clubs and stones, and the assistance of their noble dogs, quickly dispatched him.  At another time Mr. Devoss was hunting his stock, which had strayed into Huntington township, and on the farm formerly owned by Mr. Daniel Toops (an old settler), but now the property of Nathan Ward, near where the house now stands, he saw a large panther lying behind a log, which instantly sprang up and ran a short distance, and then stopped and looked at Mr. Devoss, who, having neither dogs nor gun, quietly retired and left him to his own reflecrions.

Ancient Works.

     Near Bourneville, and overlooking the beautiful valley of Paint creek, with the pretty town of Bainbridge in the distance, is what is known as Spruce Hill, the name being derived from the large amount of spruce pine growing thereon.  The crest of this hill, or mountain, is surrounded by a stone wall five or six feet in bight in some places, and from appearances has been much higher, but the hand of time has caused it to sink and crumble down.  This wall surrounds the entire crest of the hill, or mountain, is almost circular in form, and is

[Pg. 62]
nearly three miles around.  On this hill, within the inclosure, are found cinders, or dross, as if caused from the melting of some metallic substance.  At the base of the hill, Paint creek flows over a bed of solid slate rock, and at low water may be seen two or three round holes, or wells, neatly cut out in the rock, about the size of an ordinary well, with closely fitting covers or lids over the top.
     On Joseph Baum's farm, near Bourneville, is an earth fortification thrown up, which is now from three to four feet in hight, with outlets or gateways at each corner.  The embankment, or wall, is formed in a perfect square, embracing about thirty acres.  On the farm of George Baum, adjoining that of Joseph Baum, is quite a largo mound, from three to four hundred feet in circumference at the base, perfectly round, and some thirty feet in hight.  On the line between the lands of John Storm and Joseph Baum, is another fortification, in shape resembling the letter J, containing twenty-five or thirty acres.
     Near the same place, on Mr. Baum's land, are three large pools, or basins, which were evidently scooped out by some race of people long since passed away.  One of them is twenty or twenty-five feet in depth.  There are large trees growing in these places, and near them are found pieces of broken earthenware in abundance, human bones, teeth, etc.  On the same farm is another work, built of stone, the whole resembling in shape a horse shoe.  On the lands of the Messrs. Cochran, numerous pieces of earthenware have been found in plowing every spring from many years past.